Intelligent Unmanned Systems Theory And Applications

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Intelligent Unmanned Systems: Theory and Applications

Author : Agus Budiyono
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642002633
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Intelligent Unmanned Systems: Theory and Applications by : Agus Budiyono

Download or read book Intelligent Unmanned Systems: Theory and Applications written by Agus Budiyono and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-20 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book largely represents the extended version of select papers from the Inter- tional Conference on Intelligent Unmanned System ICIUS 2007 which was jointly organized by the Center for Unmanned System Studies at Institut Teknologi Bandung, Artificial Muscle Research Center at Konkuk University and Institute of Bio-inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astrona- ics. The joint-event was the 3rd conference extending from International Conference on Emerging System Technology (ICEST) in 2005 and International Conference on Technology Fusion (ICTF) in 2006 both conducted in Seoul. ICIUS 2007 was focused on both theory and application primarily covering the topics on robotics, autonomous vehicles and intelligent unmanned technologies. The conference was arranged into three parallel symposia with the following scope of topics: Unmanned Systems: Micro air vehicle, Underwater vehicle, Micro-satellite, - manned aerial vehicle, Multi-agent systems, Autonomous ground vehicle, Blimp, Swarm intelligence, learning and control Robotics and Biomimetics: Artificial muscle actuators, Smart sensors, Design and applications of MEMS/NEMS system, Intelligent robot system, Evolutionary al- rithm, Control of biological systems, AI and expert systems, Biological learning control systems, Neural networks, Genetic algorithm Control and Intelligent System: Distributed intelligence, Distributed/decentralized intelligent control, Distributed or decentralized control methods, Distributed and - bedded systems, Embedded intelligent control, Complex systems, Discrete event s- tems, Hybrid systems, Networked control systems, Delay systems, Fuzzy systems, Identification and estimation, Nonlinear systems, Precision motion control, Control applications, Control engineering education.

Intelligent Unmanned Systems: Theory and Applications

Author : Agus Budiyono
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783642003615
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Intelligent Unmanned Systems: Theory and Applications by : Agus Budiyono

Download or read book Intelligent Unmanned Systems: Theory and Applications written by Agus Budiyono and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-08-29 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book largely represents the extended version of select papers from the Inter- tional Conference on Intelligent Unmanned System ICIUS 2007 which was jointly organized by the Center for Unmanned System Studies at Institut Teknologi Bandung, Artificial Muscle Research Center at Konkuk University and Institute of Bio-inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astrona- ics. The joint-event was the 3rd conference extending from International Conference on Emerging System Technology (ICEST) in 2005 and International Conference on Technology Fusion (ICTF) in 2006 both conducted in Seoul. ICIUS 2007 was focused on both theory and application primarily covering the topics on robotics, autonomous vehicles and intelligent unmanned technologies. The conference was arranged into three parallel symposia with the following scope of topics: Unmanned Systems: Micro air vehicle, Underwater vehicle, Micro-satellite, - manned aerial vehicle, Multi-agent systems, Autonomous ground vehicle, Blimp, Swarm intelligence, learning and control Robotics and Biomimetics: Artificial muscle actuators, Smart sensors, Design and applications of MEMS/NEMS system, Intelligent robot system, Evolutionary al- rithm, Control of biological systems, AI and expert systems, Biological learning control systems, Neural networks, Genetic algorithm Control and Intelligent System: Distributed intelligence, Distributed/decentralized intelligent control, Distributed or decentralized control methods, Distributed and - bedded systems, Embedded intelligent control, Complex systems, Discrete event s- tems, Hybrid systems, Networked control systems, Delay systems, Fuzzy systems, Identification and estimation, Nonlinear systems, Precision motion control, Control applications, Control engineering education.

Autonomous Control Systems and Vehicles

Author : Kenzo Nonami
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 4431542760
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Autonomous Control Systems and Vehicles by : Kenzo Nonami

Download or read book Autonomous Control Systems and Vehicles written by Kenzo Nonami and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-30 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Conference on Intelligent Unmanned Systems 2011 was organized by the International Society of Intelligent Unmanned Systems and locally by the Center for Bio-Micro Robotics Research at Chiba University, Japan. The event was the 7th conference continuing from previous conferences held in Seoul, Korea (2005, 2006), Bali, Indonesia (2007), Nanjing, China (2008), Jeju, Korea (2009), and Bali, Indonesia (2010). ICIUS 2011 focused on both theory and application, primarily covering the topics of robotics, autonomous vehicles, intelligent unmanned technologies, and biomimetics. We invited seven keynote speakers who dealt with related state-of-the-art technologies including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and micro air vehicles (MAVs), flapping wings (FWs), unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), underwater vehicles (UVs), bio-inspired robotics, advanced control, and intelligent systems, among others. This book is a collection of excellent papers that were updated after presentation at ICIUS2011. All papers that form the chapters of this book were reviewed and revised from the perspective of advanced relevant technologies in the field. The aim of this book is to stimulate interactions among researchers active in the areas pertinent to intelligent unmanned systems.

Applications of Intelligent Control to Engineering Systems

Author : Kimon P. Valavanis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9048130174
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Applications of Intelligent Control to Engineering Systems by : Kimon P. Valavanis

Download or read book Applications of Intelligent Control to Engineering Systems written by Kimon P. Valavanis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-12 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reflects the work of top scientists in the field of intelligent control and its applications, prognostics, diagnostics, condition based maintenance and unmanned systems. It includes results, and presents how theory is applied to solve real problems.

Unmanned Aerial Systems

Author : Anis Koubaa
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128202777
Total Pages : 652 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Unmanned Aerial Systems by : Anis Koubaa

Download or read book Unmanned Aerial Systems written by Anis Koubaa and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-01-21 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unmanned Aerial Systems: Theoretical Foundation and Applications presents some of the latest innovative approaches to drones from the point-of-view of dynamic modeling, system analysis, optimization, control, communications, 3D-mapping, search and rescue, surveillance, farmland and construction monitoring, and more. With the emergence of low-cost UAS, a vast array of research works in academia and products in the industrial sectors have evolved. The book covers the safe operation of UAS, including, but not limited to, fundamental design, mission and path planning, control theory, computer vision, artificial intelligence, applications requirements, and more. This book provides a unique reference of the state-of-the-art research and development of unmanned aerial systems, making it an essential resource for researchers, instructors and practitioners. Covers some of the most innovative approaches to drones Provides the latest state-of-the-art research and development surrounding unmanned aerial systems Presents a comprehensive reference on unmanned aerial systems, with a focus on cutting-edge technologies and recent research trends in the area

Smart Autonomous Aircraft

Author : Yasmina Bestaoui Sebbane
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 148229916X
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Smart Autonomous Aircraft by : Yasmina Bestaoui Sebbane

Download or read book Smart Autonomous Aircraft written by Yasmina Bestaoui Sebbane and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-11-18 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the extraordinary growth of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) in research, military, and commercial contexts, there has been a need for a reference that provides a comprehensive look at the latest research in the area. Filling this void, Smart Autonomous Aircraft: Flight Control and Planning for UAV introduces the advanced methods of flight contr

Intelligent Marine and Aerial Vehicles

Author : Er Meng Joo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781536134469
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (344 download)

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Book Synopsis Intelligent Marine and Aerial Vehicles by : Er Meng Joo

Download or read book Intelligent Marine and Aerial Vehicles written by Er Meng Joo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unmanned marine vehicles (UMVs) is a collective term commonly used to describe autonomous underwater vehicles, remotely operated vehicles, semi-submersibles, and unmanned surface craft. UMVs are heavily used in the military, civilian, and scientific communities for undertaking designated missions whilst either operating autonomously and/or in co-operation with other types of vehicles. Advanced marine vehicles are increasing their capabilities and the degree of autonomy more and more in order to perform more sophisticated maritime missions. Remotely operated vehicles are no longer cost-effective since they are limited by economic support costs, and the presence and skills of the human operator. Alternatively, autonomous surface and underwater vehicles have the potential to operate with greatly reduced overhead costs and level of operator intervention. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), commonly known as a drone, is an aircraft without a human pilot aboard. UAVs are a component of an unmanned aircraft system (UAS); these include a UAV, a ground-based controller, and a system of communications between the two. Compared to manned aircraft, UAVs were originally used for missions too "dull, dirty or dangerous" for humans. While they originated mostly in military applications, their use is rapidly expanding to commercial, scientific, recreational, agricultural, and other applications such as policing, peacekeeping and surveillance, product deliveries, aerial photography, agriculture, smuggling, and drone racing. Civilian UAVs now vastly outnumber military UAVs, with estimates of over a million sold by 2015, so they can be seen as an early commercial application of Autonomous Things, to be followed by the autonomous car and home robots. Nowadays, UMVs and UAVs are playing an increasingly important role in both controlling community and engineering applications. For example, UMVs and UAVs provide more efficient ways to execute various challenging tasks. However, these systems are usually featured with dynamics coupling, actuator saturation, underactuated structure, time-varying disturbance, etc., thereby resulting in great challenges and difficulties in system analysis and controller design. Recently, by employing intelligent approaches, advanced control methodologies for unmanned systems have been rapidly developed. Note that the dynamic environment is usually changing and the unmanned systems must adapt themselves accordingly. In this context, on one hand, more efforts should be focused on the methodology of the learning system. For example, fast adaptation and self-organizing capability are essentially required. On the other hand, advanced analysis tools should be deployed to enhance the control performance. Towards this end, human-like intelligence should be integrated tightly with nonlinear design for complex control tasks of autonomous systems. The main objective of this edited book is to address various challenges and issues pertinent to the intelligent control of UMVs and UAVs. (Nova)

Deep Learning for Unmanned Systems

Author : Anis Koubaa
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030779394
Total Pages : 731 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Deep Learning for Unmanned Systems by : Anis Koubaa

Download or read book Deep Learning for Unmanned Systems written by Anis Koubaa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-01 with total page 731 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is used at the graduate or advanced undergraduate level and many others. Manned and unmanned ground, aerial and marine vehicles enable many promising and revolutionary civilian and military applications that will change our life in the near future. These applications include, but are not limited to, surveillance, search and rescue, environment monitoring, infrastructure monitoring, self-driving cars, contactless last-mile delivery vehicles, autonomous ships, precision agriculture and transmission line inspection to name just a few. These vehicles will benefit from advances of deep learning as a subfield of machine learning able to endow these vehicles with different capability such as perception, situation awareness, planning and intelligent control. Deep learning models also have the ability to generate actionable insights into the complex structures of large data sets. In recent years, deep learning research has received an increasing amount of attention from researchers in academia, government laboratories and industry. These research activities have borne some fruit in tackling some of the challenging problems of manned and unmanned ground, aerial and marine vehicles that are still open. Moreover, deep learning methods have been recently actively developed in other areas of machine learning, including reinforcement training and transfer/meta-learning, whereas standard, deep learning methods such as recent neural network (RNN) and coevolutionary neural networks (CNN). The book is primarily meant for researchers from academia and industry, who are working on in the research areas such as engineering, control engineering, robotics, mechatronics, biomedical engineering, mechanical engineering and computer science. The book chapters deal with the recent research problems in the areas of reinforcement learning-based control of UAVs and deep learning for unmanned aerial systems (UAS) The book chapters present various techniques of deep learning for robotic applications. The book chapters contain a good literature survey with a long list of references. The book chapters are well written with a good exposition of the research problem, methodology, block diagrams and mathematical techniques. The book chapters are lucidly illustrated with numerical examples and simulations. The book chapters discuss details of applications and future research areas.

Applications of Intelligent Control to Engineering Systems

Author : Kimon P. Valavanis
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789048130191
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Applications of Intelligent Control to Engineering Systems by : Kimon P. Valavanis

Download or read book Applications of Intelligent Control to Engineering Systems written by Kimon P. Valavanis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-08-29 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reflects the work of top scientists in the field of intelligent control and its applications, prognostics, diagnostics, condition based maintenance and unmanned systems. It includes results, and presents how theory is applied to solve real problems.

Soft Computing Based Modeling in Intelligent Systems

Author : Valentina Emilia Balas
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642004482
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Soft Computing Based Modeling in Intelligent Systems by : Valentina Emilia Balas

Download or read book Soft Computing Based Modeling in Intelligent Systems written by Valentina Emilia Balas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-03-03 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book “Soft Computing Based Modeling in Intelligent Systems”contains the - tended works originally presented at the IEEE International Workshop SOFA 2005 and additional papers. SOFA, an acronym for SOFt computing and Applications, is an international wo- shop intended to advance the theory and applications of intelligent systems and soft computing. Lotfi Zadeh, the inventor of fuzzy logic, has suggested the term “Soft Computing.” He created the Berkeley Initiative of Soft Computing (BISC) to connect researchers working in these new areas of AI. Professor Zadeh participated actively in our wo- shop. Soft Computing techniques are tolerant to imprecision, uncertainty and partial truth. Due to the large variety and complexity of the domain, the constituting methods of Soft Computing are not competing for a comprehensive ultimate solution. Instead they are complementing each other, for dedicated solutions adapted to each specific pr- lem. Hundreds of concrete applications are already available in many domains. Model based approaches offer a very challenging way to integrate a priori knowledge into procedures. Due to their flexibility, robustness, and easy interpretability, the soft c- puting applications will continue to have an exceptional role in our technologies. The applications of Soft Computing techniques in emerging research areas show its mat- ity and usefulness. The IEEE International Workshop SOFA 2005 held Szeged-Hungary and Arad- Romania in 2005 has led to the publication of these two edited volumes. This volume contains Soft Computing methods and applications in modeling, optimisation and prediction.

Intelligent Autonomous Systems, IAS--3

Author : F. C. A. Groen
Publisher : IOS Press
ISBN 13 : 9789051991222
Total Pages : 764 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Intelligent Autonomous Systems, IAS--3 by : F. C. A. Groen

Download or read book Intelligent Autonomous Systems, IAS--3 written by F. C. A. Groen and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of papers dealing with complete systems of intelligent robots, focusing on autonomy. The contributions cover intelligent perception, intelligent planning and control, and integrated systems.

Developments and Challenges for Autonomous Unmanned Vehicles

Author : Anthony Finn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642107044
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis Developments and Challenges for Autonomous Unmanned Vehicles by : Anthony Finn

Download or read book Developments and Challenges for Autonomous Unmanned Vehicles written by Anthony Finn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-17 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is widely anticipated that autonomous vehicles will have a transformational impact on military forces and will play a key role in many future force structures. As a result, many tasks have already been identified that unmanned systems could undertake more readily than humans. However, for this to occur, such systems will need to be agile, versatile, persistent, reliable, survivable and lethal. This will require many of the vehicles ‘cognitive’ or higher order functions to be more fully developed, whereas to date only the ‘component’ or physical functions have been successfully automated and deployed. The book draws upon a broad range of others’ work with a view to providing a product that is greater than the sum of its parts. The discussion is intentionally approached from the perspective of improving understanding rather than providing solutions or drawing firm conclusions. Consequently, researchers reading this book with the hope of uncovering some novel theory or approach to automating an unmanned vehicle will be as disappointed as the capability planner who anticipates a catalogue of technical risks and feasibility options against his favoured list of component technologies and potential applications. Nevertheless, it is hoped that both will at least learn something of the other’s world and that progress will ensue as a result. For the defence policy and decision maker, this is a "must-read" book which brings together an important technology summary with a considered analysis of future doctrinal, legal and ethical issues in unmanned and autonomous systems. For research engineers and developers of robotics, this book provides a unique perspective on the implications and consequences of our craft; connecting what we do to the deployment and use of the technology in current and future defence systems. Professor Hugh Durrant-Whyte

Visual Complexity and Intelligent Computer Graphics Techniques Enhancements

Author : Dimitri Plemenos
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642012590
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Visual Complexity and Intelligent Computer Graphics Techniques Enhancements by : Dimitri Plemenos

Download or read book Visual Complexity and Intelligent Computer Graphics Techniques Enhancements written by Dimitri Plemenos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-05-06 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, three main notions will be used in the editors search of improvements in various areas of computer graphics: Artificial Intelligence, Viewpoint Complexity and Human Intelligence. Several Artificial Intelligence techniques are used in presented intelligent scene modelers, mainly declarative ones. Among them, the mostly used techniques are Expert systems, Constraint Satisfaction Problem resolution and Machine-learning. The notion of viewpoint complexity, that is complexity of a scene seen from a given viewpoint, will be used in improvement proposals for a lot of computer graphics problems like scene understanding, virtual world exploration, image-based modeling and rendering, ray tracing and radiosity. Very often, viewpoint complexity is used in conjunction with Artificial Intelligence techniques like Heuristic search and Problem resolution. The notions of artificial Intelligence and Viewpoint Complexity may help to automatically resolve a big number of computer graphics problems. However, there are special situations where is required to find a particular solution for each situation. In such a case, human intelligence has to replace, or to be combined with, artificial intelligence. Such cases, and proposed solutions are also presented in this book.

Robotic Systems

Author : Ashish Dutta
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 953307941X
Total Pages : 642 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Robotic Systems by : Ashish Dutta

Download or read book Robotic Systems written by Ashish Dutta and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-02-03 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together some of the latest research in robot applications, control, modeling, sensors and algorithms. Consisting of three main sections, the first section of the book has a focus on robotic surgery, rehabilitation, self-assembly, while the second section offers an insight into the area of control with discussions on exoskeleton control and robot learning among others. The third section is on vision and ultrasonic sensors which is followed by a series of chapters which include a focus on the programming of intelligent service robots and systems adaptations.

New Advances in Intelligent Decision Technologies

Author : Gloria Phillips-Wren
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642009093
Total Pages : 656 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis New Advances in Intelligent Decision Technologies by : Gloria Phillips-Wren

Download or read book New Advances in Intelligent Decision Technologies written by Gloria Phillips-Wren and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-04-17 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IDT (Intelligent Decision Technologies) seeks an interchange of research on intelligent systems and intelligent technologies which enhance or improve decision making in industry, government and academia. The focus is interdisciplinary in nature, and includes research on all aspects of intelligent decision technologies, from fundamental development to the applied system. It constitutes a great honor and pleasure for us to publish the works and new research results of scholars from the First KES International Symposium on Intelligent Decision Technologies (KES IDT’09), hosted and organized by University of Hyogo in conjunction with KES International (Himeji, Japan, April, 2009). The symposium was concerned with theory, design, development, implementation, testing and evaluation of intelligent decision systems. Its topics included intelligent agents, fuzzy logic, multi-agent systems, artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms, expert systems, intelligent decision making support systems, information retrieval systems, geographic information systems, and knowledge management systems. These technologies have the potential to support decision making in many areas of management, international business, finance, accounting, marketing, healthcare, military applications, production, networks, traffic management, crisis response, and human interfaces.

Foundations of Computational Intelligence

Author : Aboul-Ella Hassanien
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642010814
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Foundations of Computational Intelligence by : Aboul-Ella Hassanien

Download or read book Foundations of Computational Intelligence written by Aboul-Ella Hassanien and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-05-05 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen numerous applications across a variety of fields using various techniques of Computational Intelligence. This book, one of a series on the foundations of Computational Intelligence, is focused on learning and approximation.

Foundations of Computational Intelligence

Author : Ajith Abraham
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642010873
Total Pages : 395 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Foundations of Computational Intelligence by : Ajith Abraham

Download or read book Foundations of Computational Intelligence written by Ajith Abraham and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-21 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foundations of Computational Intelligence Volume 4: Bio-Inspired Data Mining Theoretical Foundations and Applications Recent advances in the computing and electronics technology, particularly in sensor devices, databases and distributed systems, are leading to an exponential growth in the amount of data stored in databases. It has been estimated that this amount doubles every 20 years. For some applications, this increase is even steeper. Databases storing DNA sequence, for example, are doubling their size every 10 months. This growth is occurring in several applications areas besides bioinformatics, like financial transactions, government data, environmental mo- toring, satellite and medical images, security data and web. As large organizations recognize the high value of data stored in their databases and the importance of their data collection to support decision-making, there is a clear demand for - phisticated Data Mining tools. Data mining tools play a key role in the extraction of useful knowledge from databases. They can be used either to confirm a parti- lar hypothesis or to automatically find patterns. In the second case, which is - lated to this book, the goal may be either to describe the main patterns present in dataset, what is known as descriptive Data Mining or to find patterns able to p- dict behaviour of specific attributes or features, known as predictive Data Mining. While the first goal is associated with tasks like clustering, summarization and association, the second is found in classification and regression problems.