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Integral Solution Based Modeling Of Gas Transport In Unconventional Reservoirs
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Book Synopsis Integral Solution-based Modeling of Gas Transport in Unconventional Reservoirs by : Jonathan Sant'Anna Garcez Nobrega
Download or read book Integral Solution-based Modeling of Gas Transport in Unconventional Reservoirs written by Jonathan Sant'Anna Garcez Nobrega and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling of gas transport through porous media has received increasing attention since the onset of production from unconventional reservoirs. One direct application of analytical and/or semi-analytical solutions derived from the underlying gas diffusivity equation is production data analysis (PDA). PDA is by far one of the most important engineering practices performed during the development of any hydrocarbon reservoir. Indeed, it is crucial to achieve better well performance prediction, improve reservoir characterization and, refine previous reserves calculations. Current conventional and well-established PDA models have been developed based on simplifying assumptions regarding both physical system (reservoir/fluid properties) and production constraints (constant flow rates and bottomhole pressure) to enable tractable analytical treatment. However, such limitations have become critical when extended to unconventional formations such as shale and tight sandstone. The need for the development of robust methodologies capable of better honor the physical aspects behind fluid transport has been heightened by unconventional formations turning into the major portion of the natural gas supply in North America. This study proposes a series of integral-based solutions obtained via Green's function method (GFM). The derived solutions are able to capture the nonlinear behavior of natural gas reservoirs and overcome the so-far elusive goal of incorporating variable rate/pressure production conditions into production data analysis. Our results demonstrated that GFM has valuable features and the potential to overcome the current challenges in nonlinear gas flow modeling with applications to production data analysis of unconventional reservoirs.
Book Synopsis Physics of Fluid Flow and Transport in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks by : Behzad Ghanbarian
Download or read book Physics of Fluid Flow and Transport in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks written by Behzad Ghanbarian and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-04-13 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics of Fluid Flow and Transport in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks Understanding and predicting fluid flow in hydrocarbon shale and other non-conventional reservoir rocks Oil and natural gas reservoirs found in shale and other tight and ultra-tight porous rocks have become increasingly important sources of energy in both North America and East Asia. As a result, extensive research in recent decades has focused on the mechanisms of fluid transfer within these reservoirs, which have complex pore networks at multiple scales. Continued research into these important energy sources requires detailed knowledge of the emerging theoretical and computational developments in this field. Following a multidisciplinary approach that combines engineering, geosciences and rock physics, Physics of Fluid Flow and Transport in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks provides both academic and industrial readers with a thorough grounding in this cutting-edge area of rock geology, combining an explanation of the underlying theories and models with practical applications in the field. Readers will also find: An introduction to the digital modeling of rocks Detailed treatment of digital rock physics, including decline curve analysis and non-Darcy flow Solutions for difficult-to-acquire measurements of key petrophysical characteristics such as shale wettability, effective permeability, stress sensitivity, and sweet spots Physics of Fluid Flow and Transport in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks is a fundamental resource for academic and industrial researchers in hydrocarbon exploration, fluid flow, and rock physics, as well as professionals in related fields.
Book Synopsis Advances in Multi-scale Multi-physics Geophysical Modelling and Fluid Transport in Unconventional Oil and Gas Reservoir by : Wenhui Song
Download or read book Advances in Multi-scale Multi-physics Geophysical Modelling and Fluid Transport in Unconventional Oil and Gas Reservoir written by Wenhui Song and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-08-12 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flow and Transport Properties of Unconventional Reservoirs 2018 by : Jianchao Cai
Download or read book Flow and Transport Properties of Unconventional Reservoirs 2018 written by Jianchao Cai and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unconventional reservoirs are usually complex and highly heterogeneous, such as shale, coal, and tight sandstone reservoirs. The strong physical and chemical interactions between fluids and pore surfaces lead to the inapplicability of conventional approaches for characterizing fluid flow in these low-porosity and ultralow-permeability reservoir systems. Therefore, new theories and techniques are urgently needed to characterize petrophysical properties, fluid transport, and their relationships at multiple scales for improving production efficiency from unconventional reservoirs. This book presents fundamental innovations gathered from 21 recent works on novel applications of new techniques and theories in unconventional reservoirs, covering the fields of petrophysical characterization, hydraulic fracturing, fluid transport physics, enhanced oil recovery, and geothermal energy. Clearly, the research covered in this book is helpful to understand and master the latest techniques and theories for unconventional reservoirs, which have important practical significance for the economic and effective development of unconventional oil and gas resources.
Book Synopsis Development of Unconventional Reservoirs by : Reza Rezaee
Download or read book Development of Unconventional Reservoirs written by Reza Rezaee and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-04-16 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for energy is increasing and but the production from conventional reservoirs is declining quickly. This requires an economically and technically feasible source of energy for the coming years. Among some alternative future energy solutions, the most reasonable source is from unconventional reservoirs. As the name “unconventional” implies, different and challenging approaches are required to characterize and develop these resources. This Special Issue covers some of the technical challenges for developing unconventional energy sources from shale gas/oil, tight gas sand, and coalbed methane.
Book Synopsis A Semi-Analytical Analysis of the Gas and Water Forecasts from Unconventional Reservoirs by : Abdulla Saleh Alzaabi
Download or read book A Semi-Analytical Analysis of the Gas and Water Forecasts from Unconventional Reservoirs written by Abdulla Saleh Alzaabi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Material balance is an essential reservoir engineering tool that is used to determine original hydrocarbon in place and the production performance of a reservoir. There are several types of material-balance approaches developed, each with its own application. Such approaches include integral material balance, differential material balance and flowing material balance. In this thesis, a form of differential material balance, similar to the one developed by Muskat for Solution Gas Drive Reservoirs, has been derived for unconventional gas-water reservoirs impacted by adsorption. Originally, the developed Muskat-type equation is in the pressure domain, but it can also be derived in other domains such as the time domain and the cumulative produced fluids domains. The resulting system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are then solved using fourth order Runge-Kutta method which is a traditional ODE solver. The system of two differential equations for the Muskat-type equation in the time domain (time as an independent variable), are formulated with pressure and water saturation as the dependent variables. These resulting ODEs are then used to forecast and analyze the production profiles of a gas-water reservoir considering adsorption. The semi-analytical model is then validated internally using finite difference and analytical rate derivative equations, and externally by benchmarking it with a numerical simulator. The significant factor that caused the disparity between the semi-analytical model proposed in this study and the numerical simulator is the time it takes to reach pseudo-steady state flow (t_pss) with lower times producing better results. At t_pss less than 0.111 days , numerical simulation is almost replaceable in forecasting rates. However, at t_pss less than 0.717 days, cumulative gas produced can be accurately forecasted. This is to be expected and a reservoir simulator is fully transient, while material balance is based on the pseudo steady-state flow regime. This study provided a unique opportunity to investigate the characteristics of the production profile such as the peak rate and the observed inflection points while also identifying the reservoir parameters that affect them. Moreover, an equation has been developed that can be used to identify and describe the peak rate. This equation makes use of the byproduct of the Muskat-type equation ((dS_w)/dP) which can be modified in terms of rock and fluid properties to aid in history matching. Furthermore, three well specifications were investigated (constant well pressure, constant drawdown, and constant water production rate) with only two of the three producing a peak rate no peak gas production rate was observed for water rate specified wells. This study also showed that material balance can be used to replace decline curve analysis under certain conditions. This is mainly due to the reduced time to pseudo-steady state (t_pss) caused by the low total compressibility (rock and water), high permeability, low water viscosity, and low drainage area. At a threshold of t_pss less than 0.178 days, an accurate late-time forecast can be attained.Since the proposed semi-analytical model provided water saturation values for different pressures, a non-iterative methodology has been developed to improve upon Kings (G. R. King, 1993) iterative integral material balance equation for unconventional reservoirs.Through this study, a number of significant observations were made. It was found that at a low rock compressibility, the change in saturation over time can be estimated using the water production profile and initial porosity and water formation volume factor. Also, the saturation of gas can be estimated using the percentage of water produced from the original water in place (OWIP), adjusted for desorption time, at an increasing accuracy as the rock compressibility is decreased. Additionally, the cause of a phenomenon known as dual peaking which occurs in field and simulation data of CBM reservoirs has been identified to be due to the transient-state production.
Book Synopsis Modelling of Flow and Transport in Fractal Porous Media by : Jianchao Cai
Download or read book Modelling of Flow and Transport in Fractal Porous Media written by Jianchao Cai and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-11-05 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important resource explores recent theoretical advances and modelling on fluids transport in fractal porous systems and presents a systematic understanding of the characterization of complex microstructure and transport mechanism in fractal porous media. Modelling of Flow and Transport in Fractal Porous Media shows how fractal theory and technology, combined with other modern experiments and numerical simulation methods, will assist researchers and practitioners in modelling of transport properties of fractal porous media, such as fluid flow, heat and mass transfer, mechanical characteristics, and electrical conductivity. - Presents the main methods and technologies for transport characterization of fractal porous media, including soils, reservoirs and artificial materials - Provides the most recent theoretical advances in modelling of fractal porous media, including gas and vapor transport in fibrous materials, nonlinear seepage flow in hydrocarbon reservoirs, mass transfer of porous nanofibers, and fractal mechanics of unsaturated soils - Includes multidisciplinary examples of applications of fractal theory to aid researchers and practitioners in characterizing various porous media structures
Book Synopsis Diffusion-based Modeling of Binary Gas Transport in Organic-rich Ultratight Reservoirs by : Yusuf Shakeel
Download or read book Diffusion-based Modeling of Binary Gas Transport in Organic-rich Ultratight Reservoirs written by Yusuf Shakeel and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic-rich ultratight rocks such as shales have complicated pore types and sizes, dictating their unique fluid transport and storage mechanisms. Most pores in such rocks are nanopores where viscous flow and related transport models can no longer be applied. Instead, transport and storage mechanisms such as bulk diffusion, Knudsen diffusion, surface diffusion, and adsorption become significant. This work presents a diffusion-based model for binary gas (CH4 and CO2) transport in organic-rich ultratight porous media. The pore volume occupied by the gas is divided into two domains, namely free and sorbed phases. The sorbed-phase porosity is dynamically changing depending on free-phase concentrations. Two governing equations are derived by considering diffusion cross-terms, meaning that one component's diffusion depends on the other component's diffusion and vice versa. The governing equations contain six concentration-dependent terms, including four effective diffusion coefficients that account for bulk, Knudsen, and surface diffusion, and two effective volume fractions that account for the molar exchange between the free and sorbed phases. The extended Langmuir isotherm with the sorption equilibrium assumption is considered for the sorbed phase. The final forms of the governing equations are only a function of the component concentrations in the free phase. The governing equations are solved numerically using a finite volume approach to simulate co-diffusion and counter-diffusion of a binary gas mixture in representative shale and coal systems. The results reveal that both main- and cross-terms are important in surface diffusion within the sorbed phase. Furthermore, the sorbed phase occupies a sizable portion of pore volume in organic nanopores where surface diffusion contributes substantially to the mass transfer. The results also show that CO2 concentration in the sorbed phase increases during co-diffusion due to its higher adsorption affinity. Hence, surface diffusion may contribute more to CO2 production, while CH4 transport mainly occurs by free-phase diffusion.
Book Synopsis Modelling in Nanoporous Shale by : Liehui Zhang
Download or read book Modelling in Nanoporous Shale written by Liehui Zhang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Petrophysical Characterization and Fluids Transport in Unconventional Reservoirs by : Jianchao Cai
Download or read book Petrophysical Characterization and Fluids Transport in Unconventional Reservoirs written by Jianchao Cai and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-01-24 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petrophysical Characterization and Fluids Transport in Unconventional Reservoirs presents a comprehensive look at these new methods and technologies for the petrophysical characterization of unconventional reservoirs, including recent theoretical advances and modeling on fluids transport in unconventional reservoirs. The book is a valuable tool for geoscientists and engineers working in academia and industry. Many novel technologies and approaches, including petrophysics, multi-scale modelling, rock reconstruction and upscaling approaches are discussed, along with the challenge of the development of unconventional reservoirs and the mechanism of multi-phase/multi-scale flow and transport in these structures. - Includes both practical and theoretical research for the characterization of unconventional reservoirs - Covers the basic approaches and mechanisms for enhanced recovery techniques in unconventional reservoirs - Presents the latest research in the fluid transport processes in unconventional reservoirs
Book Synopsis A Comprehensive Numerical Model for Simulating Two-phase Flow in Shale Gas Reservoirs with Complex Hydraulic and Natural Fractures by : Mohammad Hamad AlTwaijri
Download or read book A Comprehensive Numerical Model for Simulating Two-phase Flow in Shale Gas Reservoirs with Complex Hydraulic and Natural Fractures written by Mohammad Hamad AlTwaijri and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increase in energy demand has played a significant role in the persistent exploitation and exploration of unconventional oil and gas resources. Shale gas reservoirs are one of the major unconventional resources. Advancements in horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing techniques have been the key to achieve economic rates of production from these shale gas reservoirs. In addition to their ultra-low permeability, shale gas reservoirs are characterized by their complex gas transport mechanisms and complex natural and induced (hydraulic) fracture geometries. Production from shale gas reservoirs is predominantly composed of two-phase flow of gas and water. However, proper modeling of the two-phase behavior as well as incorporating the complex fracture geometries have been a challenge within the industry. Due to the limitation of the local grid refinement (LGR) approach, hydraulic fractures are assumed to be planar (orthogonal), which is an unrealistic assumption. Although more flexible approaches are available, such as the use of unstructured grids, they require significantly high computational powers. In this research, an efficient embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) is introduced to explicitly model complex fracture geometries. The EDFM approach is capable of explicitly modeling complex fracture geometries without increasing the computational demand. Utilizing EDFM alongside a commercial simulator, a 3D reservoir model is constructed to investigate the effect of complex fracture geometries on the two-phase flow of a shale gas well. In this investigation, varying degrees of hydraulic fracture complexity with 1-set and 2-set natural fractures were tested. The simulation results confirm the importance of properly modeling fracture complexity, highlighting that it plays an integral part in the estimation of gas and water recoveries. In addition, the simulation results hint to the pronounced effect of fracture interference as fracture complexity increases. Finally, variable fracture conductivities and initial water saturation values were analyzed to further assess their effect on the two-phase production behavior of the shale gas well. This study examines the effect of non-orthogonal complex fracture geometry on the two-phase flow of shale gas wells. The work can provide a significant insight toward understanding the extent to which fracture complexity can affect the performance of shale gas wells.
Download or read book Petroleum Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advanced methods of mathematical modeling and experimental study in oil and gas reservoirs by : Fuyong Wang
Download or read book Advanced methods of mathematical modeling and experimental study in oil and gas reservoirs written by Fuyong Wang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-07-05 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Multiphase Fluid Flow in Porous and Fractured Reservoirs by : Yu-Shu Wu
Download or read book Multiphase Fluid Flow in Porous and Fractured Reservoirs written by Yu-Shu Wu and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2015-09-23 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multiphase Fluid Flow in Porous and Fractured Reservoirs discusses the process of modeling fluid flow in petroleum and natural gas reservoirs, a practice that has become increasingly complex thanks to multiple fractures in horizontal drilling and the discovery of more unconventional reservoirs and resources. The book updates the reservoir engineer of today with the latest developments in reservoir simulation by combining a powerhouse of theory, analytical, and numerical methods to create stronger verification and validation modeling methods, ultimately improving recovery in stagnant and complex reservoirs. Going beyond the standard topics in past literature, coverage includes well treatment, Non-Newtonian fluids and rheological models, multiphase fluid coupled with geomechanics in reservoirs, and modeling applications for unconventional petroleum resources. The book equips today's reservoir engineer and modeler with the most relevant tools and knowledge to establish and solidify stronger oil and gas recovery. - Delivers updates on recent developments in reservoir simulation such as modeling approaches for multiphase flow simulation of fractured media and unconventional reservoirs - Explains analytical solutions and approaches as well as applications to modeling verification for today's reservoir problems, such as evaluating saturation and pressure profiles and recovery factors or displacement efficiency - Utilize practical codes and programs featured from online companion website
Book Synopsis Streamline Simulation by : Akhil Datta-Gupta
Download or read book Streamline Simulation written by Akhil Datta-Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Streamline-Simulation emphasizes the unique features of streamline technology that in many ways complement conventional finite-difference simulation. It fills gaps in the mathematical foundations.
Book Synopsis Hydraulic Fracture Modeling by : Yu-Shu Wu
Download or read book Hydraulic Fracture Modeling written by Yu-Shu Wu and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydraulic Fracture Modeling delivers all the pertinent technology and solutions in one product to become the go-to source for petroleum and reservoir engineers. Providing tools and approaches, this multi-contributed reference presents current and upcoming developments for modeling rock fracturing including their limitations and problem-solving applications. Fractures are common in oil and gas reservoir formations, and with the ongoing increase in development of unconventional reservoirs, more petroleum engineers today need to know the latest technology surrounding hydraulic fracturing technology such as fracture rock modeling. There is tremendous research in the area but not all located in one place. Covering two types of modeling technologies, various effective fracturing approaches and model applications for fracturing, the book equips today's petroleum engineer with an all-inclusive product to characterize and optimize today's more complex reservoirs. - Offers understanding of the details surrounding fracturing and fracture modeling technology, including theories and quantitative methods - Provides academic and practical perspective from multiple contributors at the forefront of hydraulic fracturing and rock mechanics - Provides today's petroleum engineer with model validation tools backed by real-world case studies
Book Synopsis Gas Transport in Porous Media by : Clifford K. Ho
Download or read book Gas Transport in Porous Media written by Clifford K. Ho and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-10-07 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CLIFFORD K. HOAND STEPHEN W. WEBB Sandia National Laboratories, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA Gas and vapor transport in porous media occur in a number of important applications includingdryingofindustrialandfoodproducts,oilandgasexploration,environm- tal remediation of contaminated sites, and carbon sequestration. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms and processes of gas and vapor transport in porous media allows models to be used to evaluate and optimize the performance and design of these systems. In this book, gas and vapor are distinguished by their available states at stan- ? dard temperature and pressure (20 C, 101 kPa). If the gas-phase constituent can also exist as a liquid phase at standard temperature and pressure (e. g. , water, ethanol, toluene, trichlorothylene), it is considered a vapor. If the gas-phase constituent is non-condensable at standard temperature and pressure (e. g. , oxygen, carbon di- ide, helium, hydrogen, propane), it is considered a gas. The distinction is important because different processes affect the transport and behavior of gases and vapors in porous media. For example, mechanisms specific to vapors include vapor-pressure lowering and enhanced vapor diffusion, which are caused by the presence of a g- phase constituent interacting with its liquid phase in an unsaturated porous media. In addition, the “heat-pipe” exploits isothermal latent heat exchange during evaporation and condensation to effectively transfer heat in designed and natural systems.
