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Insights Into The Mechanism Of Photocatalytic Degradation Of Volatile Organic Compounds On Tio2 By Using In Situ Drifts
Download Insights Into The Mechanism Of Photocatalytic Degradation Of Volatile Organic Compounds On Tio2 By Using In Situ Drifts full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Insights Into The Mechanism Of Photocatalytic Degradation Of Volatile Organic Compounds On Tio2 By Using In Situ Drifts ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Insights Into the Mechanism of Photocatalytic Degradation of Volatile Organic Compounds on TiO2 by Using In-situ DRIFTS by : Mu Gongsun
Download or read book Insights Into the Mechanism of Photocatalytic Degradation of Volatile Organic Compounds on TiO2 by Using In-situ DRIFTS written by Mu Gongsun and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photocatalytic degradation is a cost-effective technology for the removal of volatile organic compounds. However, the mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of volatile organic compounds on TiO2 is still a challenging issue. Fortunately, infrared spectroscopy is a powerful technique, able to provide information about adsorption/desorption, intermediates/products, and interfacial reaction. The aim of this chapter is to review several aspects of our current understanding of the role of TiO2 in the degradation of volatile organic compounds, by using in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. We firstly review the state of photocatalytic degradation of volatile organic compounds briefly. This is followed by a summary of in situ infrared techniques. The interaction of TiO2 surfaces with vapor organic molecules and other species is then reviewed with the representative works in recent years. It ends with a brief future outlook on the mechanism of photocatalytic air purification of TiO2.
Book Synopsis Semiconductor Photocatalysis by : Wenbin Cao
Download or read book Semiconductor Photocatalysis written by Wenbin Cao and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-08-24 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photocatalysis is a hot topic because it is an environmentally friendly approach toward the conversion of light energy into chemical energy at mild reaction environments. Also, it is well applied in several major areas such as water splitting, bacterial inactivation, and pollutants elimination, which is a possible solution to energy shortage and environmental issues. The fundamental knowledge and the frontier research progress in typical photocatalytic materials, such as TiO2-based and non-TiO2-based photocatalysts, are included in this book. Methods to improve the photocatalytic efficiency and to provide a hint for the rational design of the new photocatalysts are covered.
Book Synopsis Photocatalysis by : Suresh C. Pillai
Download or read book Photocatalysis written by Suresh C. Pillai and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-08-23 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a concise and up-to-date introduction to the topic of photocatalysis. It covers the fundamentals of photocatalysis, design of photoreactors and modelling and simulations for photoreaction. Also, industrial applications such as hydrogen production, water disinfection, degradation of air pollutants, pesticides and pharmaceuticals are described.
Book Synopsis Photocatalytic Activity Enhancement of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles by : Mohamed A. Barakat
Download or read book Photocatalytic Activity Enhancement of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles written by Mohamed A. Barakat and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-26 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this brief, a comprehensive review of the UV/visible-TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation process is presented with an insight into the mechanisms involved, the role of titanium dioxide as a catalyst, irradiation sources, types of reactors, and a comparison between various modes of TiO2 application. An overview of the development and enhancement of the activity of TiO2 nanoparticles in photocatalysis is presented. The topics covered include a detailed look at the unique properties of the TiO2 nanoparticles and their relationship to photocatalytic properties. The utilization of the TiO2 nanoparticles as photocatalysts, in the non-doped and doped forms is also reviewed. Finally, the use of modified TiO2 nanoparticles has made a significant contribution in providing definitive mechanistic information regarding the visible light photocatalytic processes.
Book Synopsis Modification of Titanium Dioxide for Photocatalytic Degradation of Indoor Volatile Organic Compounds by : Zahra Shayegan
Download or read book Modification of Titanium Dioxide for Photocatalytic Degradation of Indoor Volatile Organic Compounds written by Zahra Shayegan and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The indoor air quality (IAQ) concern has risen since people spend most of their time (>90%) in indoor environments. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are categorized as a major group of gas pollutants. Indoor VOCs, known as hazardous compounds with several proven adverse health effects. Among various purification techniques, a heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation process (PCO) is a promising technology for removing indoor VOC contaminants. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is the leading candidate for PCO given its unique properties. However, no TiO2-based photocatalysts completely satisfy all practical requirements, considering the photoexcited charge carriers' short lifetime and a wide band gap requiring ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Moreover, the application of PCO for VOCs degradation is greatly hindered at high humidity levels. Herein, TiO2 modification techniques that include approaches for overcoming the inherent TiO2 limitations and improving the photocatalytic degradation of VOCs are studied. In this research, strategies for improving TiO2 photocatalyst activities by doping with different metal and/or non-metal ions as well as surface modification have been examined. Accordingly, the adsorption capacity and photocatalytic activity of P25 and surface fluorinated P25 coated on nickel foam were evaluated for VOCs removal. In addition, the photoactivity of visible-light-driven photocatalysts including; anatase/rutile carbon-doped P25, anatase/brookite cerium-doped TiO2, and anatase/brookite iron-doped TiO2 coated on nickel foam were evaluated for degradation of VOCs under both UV and visible light irradiation. Surface fluorination was then applied to reduce the surface hydrophilicity of Ce-TiO2 and Fe-TiO2 photocatalysts with the optimum Ce and Fe contents. Notably, their photocatalytic performance was investigated in continuous flow mode-of-operation reactors with small residence time, different relative humidity levels, and low-level inlet contaminant concentration. These techniques can improve PCO performance through the following mechanisms: i) by introducing an electron capturing level in the band gap that would generate some defects in the TiO2 lattice and help capture charge carriers and can also be excited under visible irradiation; ii) by slowing down the charge carrier recombination rate and increasing VOCs degradation; and iii) by reducing the surface hydrophilicity, which increases VOCs' adsorption capacity at high humid conditions.
Book Synopsis Photocatalytic Oxidation of 4-chlorophenol on Titanium Dioxide by :
Download or read book Photocatalytic Oxidation of 4-chlorophenol on Titanium Dioxide written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To gain useful insight into the mechanistic details of the TiO2 photocatalyzed oxidation of halogenated organic compounds, the intermediates produced during the photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) have been compared with those produced during [gamma]-radiolysis. Photocatalytic degradation of 4-CP produces aromatic intermediates consistent with [gamma]-radiolytic hydroxyl radical oxidation, but the distribution of the intermediates differs. The surface area of TiO2 has an important influence on the intermediate distribution suggesting that the presence of surface influences the reaction pathway. The course of photocatalytic transformation of 4-CP involves a combination of hydroxyl radical oxidation, direct electron transfer and surface chemical reactions contributing to the disappearance of 4-CP and its reaction intermediates in TiO2 slurries.
Book Synopsis Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes by : Sushma Dave
Download or read book Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes written by Sushma Dave and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-08-17 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes: Current Trends and Future Perspectives covers in detail current trends and future aspects on photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes using novel photocatalytic techniques such as metallic nanoparticles, heterogeneous and hybrid systems using visible light irradiation. It highlights the most recent scientific and technological achievements and importance of degradation of dyes in the textile effluent by simple environmental friendly approaches using eco-friendly catalysts. It is of assistance to everyone interested in bioremediation of effluents: professionals, consulting engineers, academicians, and research scholars as well. Describes the basic photocatalytic techniques and their application in wastewater treatment Covers the key reactive species accounting for the photodegradation of different dyes, providing helpful guidelines that could be applied to foster the development of efficient photodegradation systems Includes Description of a wide variety of catalysts and their application in degradation of dyes in the effluent of variable matrices (such as textile effluent, pharmaceutical industry effluent, food industry effluent) Presents the application of doped semiconductors in the degradation of dyes, hybrid systems and their importance in the dye degradation Describes the biological synthesis of metallic nanostructures and their use in dye degradation using visible range of light irradiation Discusses the mechanistic aspect of the dye degradation using photo catalysts
Book Synopsis TiO2 Photocatalysis by : Akira Fujishima
Download or read book TiO2 Photocatalysis written by Akira Fujishima and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Photocatalytic Degradation of NOX, VOCs, and Chloramines by TiO2 Impregnated Surfaces by : Eva Miriam Land
Download or read book Photocatalytic Degradation of NOX, VOCs, and Chloramines by TiO2 Impregnated Surfaces written by Eva Miriam Land and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiments were conducted to determine the photocatalytic degradation of three types of gas-phase compounds, NOX, VOCs, and chloramines, by TiO2 impregnated tiles. The oxides of nitrogen NO and NO2 (NOx) have a variety of negative impacts on human and environmental health ranging from serving as key precursors for the respiratory irritant ozone, to forming nitric acid, which is a primary component of acid rain. A flow tube reactor was designed for the experiments that allowed the UV illumination of the tiles under exposure to both NO and NO2 concentrations in simulated ambient air. The reactor was also used to assess NOx degradation for sampled ambient air. The PV values for NO and NO2 were 0.016 cm s-1 and 0.0015 cm s-1, respectively. For ambient experiments a decrease in ambient NOx of ~ 40% was observed over a period of roughly 5 days. The mean PV for NOx for ambient air was 0.016 cm s-1 and the maximum PV was .038 cm s-1. Overall, the results indicate that laboratory conditions generally simulate the efficiency of removing NOx by TiO2 impregnated tiles. Volatile organic compounds (VOC's) are formed in a variety of indoor environments, and can lead to respiratory problems (US EPA, 2010). The experiments determined the photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde and methanol, two common VOCs, by TiO2 impregnated tiles. The same flow tube reactor used for the previous NOX experiments was used to test a standardized gas-phase concentration of formaldehyde and methanol. The extended UV illumination of the tiles resulted in a 50 % reduction in formaldehyde, and a 68% reduction in methanol. The deposition velocities (or the photocatalytic velocities, PV) were estimated for both VOC's. The PV for formaldehyde was 0.021 cm s-1, and the PV for methanol was 0.026 cm s-1. These PV values are slightly higher than the mean value determined for NO from the previous experiments which was 0.016 cm s-1. The results suggest that the TiO2 tiles could effectively reduce specific VOC levels in indoor environments. Chlorination is a widespread form of water disinfection. However, chlorine can produce unwanted disinfection byproducts when chlorine reacts with nitrogen containing compounds or other organics. The reaction of chlorine with ammonia produces one of three chloramines, (mono-, di-, and tri-chloramine). The production of chloramines compounds in indoor areas increases the likelihood of asthma in pool professionals, competitive swimmers, and children that frequently bath in indoor chlorinated swimming pools (Jacobs, 2007; Nemery, 2002; Zwiener, 2007). A modified flow tube reactor in conjunction with a standardized solution of monochloramine, NH2Cl, determined the photocatalytic reactions over the TiO2 tiles and seven concrete samples. The concrete samples included five different concrete types, and contained either 5 % or 15 % TiO2 by weight. The PV for the tiles was 0.045 cm s-1 for the tiles manufactured by TOTO Inc. The highest PV from the concrete samples was 0.054 cm s-1. Overall the commercial tiles were most efficient at reducing NH2Cl, compared to NOX and VOC compounds. However, the concrete samples had an even higher PV for NH2Cl than the tiles. The reason for this is unknown; however, distinct surface characteristics and a higher concentration of TiO2 in the concrete may have contributed to these findings.
Book Synopsis Clean by Light Irradiation by : Vincenzo Augugliaro
Download or read book Clean by Light Irradiation written by Vincenzo Augugliaro and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2010 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book deals with the environmentally friendly cleaning materials functionalized with TiO2, a widely known semiconductor giving rise to redox reactions under artificial or solar irradiation. The role of titanium dioxide in the worldwide community is introduced first. The fundamental working principles of heterogeneous photocatalysis follow and a critical section on the semiconductor bulk and surface properties open the way to the differences between TiO2 blend features with respect to analogous thin film layouts. Then Follows the main section of the book which deals with the techniques applied to manufactured commercial devices, ranging from glasses to textiles and from concrete and other construction materials to paintings. Also road asphalt and other devices, such as photocatalytic air conditioning machines are outlined. Last generation materials, not yet commercialized, and the deposition techniques applied to prepare them are also widely discussed. The final part of the book covers the difficult and modern topic of standardization and comparison of performance of photocatalytic processes and in particular the guidelines proposed by various worldwide organizations for standardization are discussed. The book covers the general matters as well as the practical applications with the supporting methods discussed in detail. This book brings together a team of highly experienced and well-published experts in the field, providing a comprehensive view of the applications of supported titanium dioxide.
Book Synopsis Gaseous Phase Photocatalytic Degradation of Volatile Organic Compounds by Titanium Dioxide by : Yuk-Lin Chan
Download or read book Gaseous Phase Photocatalytic Degradation of Volatile Organic Compounds by Titanium Dioxide written by Yuk-Lin Chan and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Contaminants in Water by : Youn-Chul Oh
Download or read book Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Contaminants in Water written by Youn-Chul Oh and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation concerns the elucidation of degradation mechanisms of organic contaminants in aqueous suspension of TiO2, and extending understanding of photo catalysis condition to optimize degradation efficiency. The degradation mechanism of maleic acid, an important intermediate from the photocatalytic degradation of aromatic contaminants, was investigated via product distribution study and control experiments. The understanding of the mechanism of degradation of these compounds can assist us in ascertaining ideal conditions to perform the mineralization of recalcitrant organic compounds. The challenge to degrade a cyanyric acid, a recalcitrant species, by modifying TiO2 suspension was carried out. The addition of fluoride to aqueous suspensions of TiO2 has proved to be an important mechanistic tool in unraveling a long-standing conundrum in photocatalytic degradation. By using this method in parallel with other methods for producing homogeneous hydroxyl-type reagents, it is shown that cyanuric acid is susceptible to degradation under easily accessible conditions. There are isotope studies of photocatalysis of dimethyl phenyl phosphonate, a simple and safe form of organic phosphonate. Exposure of DMMP and related simple phosphonates to TiO2-mediated photocatalytic conditions results first in the loss of one of the methyl esters. An important unsettled mechanistic point is the mechanism by which the methyl is removed. Through the isotope studies of TiO2-mediated photocatalytic degradation of phosphonates, we can now understand removal of the alkyl ester portion of the compounds to produce phosphonic acid monoesters among the primary steps. The retention of 18O in the formation of MMPP clearly demonstrates that the dealkylation mechanism involves degradation of the methyl group exclusively, and neither attack at phosphorous by HO[Multiplied by][Subscript ads] or a related species, nor photoinduced hydrolysis. With an attempt to activate the modified TiO2 photo catalysts by the visible light and decrease the rapid recombination of excited electrons/holes during photoreaction, WO[Subscript x]-TiO2 powder was prepared by a sol-gel method. The WO[Subscript x]-TiO2 catalysts were characterized by XRD, XPS, and SEM-EDX. The degradation of 4-methoxyresorcinol by using WO[Subscript x]-TiO2 under visible light irradiation was observed.
Book Synopsis Emerging Trends in TiO2 Photocatalysis and Applications by : Trong-On Do
Download or read book Emerging Trends in TiO2 Photocatalysis and Applications written by Trong-On Do and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-28 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The semiconductor titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been evolved as a prototypical material to understand the photocatalytic process, and has been demonstrated for various photocatalytic applications such as pollutants degradation, water splitting, heavy metal reduction, CO2 conversion, N2 fixation, bacterial disinfection, etc. Rigorous photocatalytic studies on TiO2 have paved the way to understanding the various chemical processes involved and the physical parameters (optical and electrical) required to design and construct diverse photocatalytic systems. Accordingly, it has been realized that an effective photocatalyst should have ideal band edge potential, narrow band gap energy, reduced charge recombination, enhanced charge separation, improved interfacial charge transfer, surface-rich catalytic sites, etc. As a result, many strategies have been developed to design a variety of photocatalytic systems, which include doping, composite formation, sensitization, co-catalyst loading, etc. Towards highlighting the above-mentioned diversities in TiO2 photocatalysis, there have been many interesting original research works on TiO2, involving material designs for various photocatalytic applications published in this Special Issue. In addition, some excellent review papers have also been published in this Special Issue, focusing on the various TiO2-based photocatalytic systems and their mechanisms and applications.
Book Synopsis Current Developments in Photocatalysis and Photocatalytic Materials by : Xinchen Wang
Download or read book Current Developments in Photocatalysis and Photocatalytic Materials written by Xinchen Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-29 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photocatalytic materials can improve the efficiency and sustainability of processes and offer novel ways to address issues across a wide range of fields—from sustainable chemistry and energy production to environmental remediation. Current Developments in Photocatalysis and Photocatalytic Materials provides an overview of the latest advances in this field, offering insight into the chemistry and activity of the latest generation of photocatalytic materials.After an introduction to photocatalysis and photocatalytic materials, this book goes on to outline a wide selection of photocatalytic materials, not only covering typical metal oxide photocatalysts such as TiO2 but also exploring newly developed organic semiconducting photocatalysts, such as g-C3N4.Drawing on the experience of an expert team of contributors, Current Developments in Photocatalysis and Photocatalytic Materials highlights the new horizons of photocatalysis, in which photocatalytic materials will come to play an important role in our day-to-day lives. Reviews developments in both organic- and inorganic-based materials for use in photocatalysis Presents the fundamental chemistry and activity of a broad range of key photocatalytic materials, including both typical and novel materials Highlights the role photocatalytic materials can play in sustainable applications
Book Synopsis Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: Photoassisted Oxidation of Isopropanol to Acetone and Photodegradation of Volatile Organic Compounds by : Jie Chen
Download or read book Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: Photoassisted Oxidation of Isopropanol to Acetone and Photodegradation of Volatile Organic Compounds written by Jie Chen and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, a highly efficient photocatalyst consisting of amorphous manganese oxide (AMO) has been developed. Photoassisted catalytic oxidation of isopropanol has been studied by using amorphous manganese oxide catalysts with magnesium oxide as a diluent. When AMO or AMO/MgO is illuminated with UV-visible light in the presence of isopropanol vapor and oxygen at room temperature, the primary organic oxidation product is acetone. Enhanced yields for photooxidation of isopropanol with AMO/MgO mixtures have been observed. A continuous supply of oxygen may be achieved by adsorbing molecular oxygen on AMO and AMO/MgO during simultaneous irradiation in the UV-visible range. Temperature programmed desorption and oxygen isotopic exchange results support previously proposed mechanisms of photoassisted catalytic oxidation. Oxygen is adsorbed as O$\sb2\sp-$ species on the surface of the catalyst and plays an important role in this photooxidation. The observed effect of magnesium oxide suggests that hydroxyl groups promote the catalytic activity. The contamination of indoor air by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has become a serious public health problem in recent years. The purpose of this study is to investigate photocatalytic activity of TiO$\sb2$ under kinetic conditions and the application of photocatalysts for decomposition of VOCs. The photocatalytic degradation of trichloroethylene, toluene, and triethylamine over TiO$\sb2$ (anatase) has been investigated by using a flat plate photochemical reactor. TiO$\sb2$ was used as a thin film coated on a microscope slide. The degradation of the three compounds, trichloroethylene, toluene, and triethylamine in a continuous flow mode, approximates first-order kinetics. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics have been used to rationalize the first-order behavior in solid-gas reaction. The deactivation of the catalyst also was investigated.
Book Synopsis Pathway Analysis of Phenol Degradation by UV/TiO2 Photocatalysis Using the Carbon-13 Isotopic Labelling Technique by : Lindelwa Jay
Download or read book Pathway Analysis of Phenol Degradation by UV/TiO2 Photocatalysis Using the Carbon-13 Isotopic Labelling Technique written by Lindelwa Jay and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has enlisted phenolic compounds as pollutants of priority concern, as they tend to persist in the environment over a long period, accumulate and exert toxic effects on humans and animals. The entrance of phenolic compounds into the aquatic environment results from natural, industrial, domestic and agricultural activities. Their presence may be due to the degradation or decomposition of natural organic matter present in the water, through the disposal of industrial and domestic wastes into water bodies and through runoffs from agricultural land. Several specific new technologies, called Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP), have been developed to eliminate dangerous organic chemicals such as phenol from polluted waters. The photocatalytic process, based on UV irradiated semiconductor (TiO2), represents one of AOP that provide an interesting route to the destruction of many organic substances to CO2, H2O and corresponding mineral acids. TiO2 is usually used as a photocatalyst in two crystal structures: Rutile and Anatase. The photoreactivity of P-25 Degussa, consisting of anatase and rutile (4/1 w/w), exceeds that of pure anatase and rutile in several reaction systems. This study characterised the three TiO2 powder forms by BET, XRD, XRF and SEM analyses to contribute to a better understanding of their physical properties. Anatase was revealed to have 98.4% purity x-ray fluorescence analysis, Degussa at 96.7% and rutile at 75.7% was reported to have the most impurities (~25%). This study investigated the UV/TiO2 photocatalytic degradation of phenol, with emphasis on the effects of; solution pH, catalyst load, initial phenol concentration, dissolved oxygen and UV radiation intensity. Degradation studies were conducted in a batch reactor with photons for catalyst (TiO2) activation supplied by a medium pressure 400 W UV lamp immersed in the pollutant solution housed in a double jacket quartz sleeve, which served as the cooling system for the lamp. Temperature control in the reactor was achieved by circulating cold water through the outer cavity of the quartz sleeve. The reactor contents in all batches were aerated at a flow rate of 10 mL/min. Thorough mixing of the contents of the reactor was achieved by continuous agitation with a magnetic stirrer. The experimental reaction time was set at 60-100minutes. Samples were monitored by GC-MS analysis. Results showed that UV/TiO2 photocatalysis is an effective method for the removal of phenol from wastewaters. The efficiency of the process depends strongly on the experimental conditions. Degradation of organic compounds in water is often accompanied by the formation of several intermediate compounds, some of which may be more toxic than the original pollutant. The carbon-13 isotopic labelling technique was employed to track the degradation mechanism of phenol to better understand the degradation pathway. Carbon-13 tracking results revealed that hydroquinone, catechol, benzoquinone, resorcinol and maleic acid were the main intermediates containing the C-13 isotope. A reaction pathway was postulated based on these findings. Kinetic isotope effect (KIE) experiments were conducted and a primary isotope effect was observed. This confirmed that the C-13 isotope position on the labelled phenol was the site of bond breaking in the rate-limiting step.
Book Synopsis Gas Phase Photocatalytic Degradation on TiO2 Pellets of Volatile Chlorinated Organic Compounds from a Soil Vapor Extraction Well by :
Download or read book Gas Phase Photocatalytic Degradation on TiO2 Pellets of Volatile Chlorinated Organic Compounds from a Soil Vapor Extraction Well written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mineralization of trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) in gas stream from a soil vapor extraction (SVE) well was demonstrated with an annular photocatalytic reactor packed with porous TiO2 pellets in field trials at the Savannah River Site in Aiken, SC. The TiO2 pellets were prepared using a sol-gel method. The experiments were performed at 55 to 60°C using space times of 108 to 101° g s/mol for TCE and PCE. Chloroform (CHCl3) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) were detected as minor products from side reactions. On a molar basis, CCl4 and CHCl3 produced were about 2% and 0.2 % of the reactants.
