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Initial Effects Of Reintroduced Wolves Canis Lupus On Bighorn Sheep Ovis Canadensis Dynamics In Yellowstone National Park
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Book Synopsis Initial Effects of Reintroduced Wolves Canis Lupus on Bighorn Sheep Ovis Canadensis Dynamics in Yellowstone National Park by : Patrick James White
Download or read book Initial Effects of Reintroduced Wolves Canis Lupus on Bighorn Sheep Ovis Canadensis Dynamics in Yellowstone National Park written by Patrick James White and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wolves Canis lupus may naturally achieve densities that contribute to significant changes in prey populations and entire ecosystems. We analyzed a time series of counts, index of recruitment, and estimates of survival for bighorn sheep Ovis canadensis during 1995-2005 to evaluate the prediction that sheep numbers would decrease in the northern portion of Yellowstone National Park, Montana and Wyoming, USA, owing to lower survival and recruitment following wolf reintroduction. The number of wolves residing in the northern range increased from 21 to a maximum of 106 in response to an abundant elk Cervus elaphus population and legal protection. Counts of bighorn sheep decreased following the severe winter of 1997, but then increased by 7% annually during 1998-2005 (95% CI: 2-11%). Recruitment followed a similar temporal pattern, decreasing to 7-11 lambs/100 ewes during the severe winter of 1997 and the following winter, but then increasing to 21-34 lambs/100 ewes during 1998-2005. Annual estimates of survival for 14 adult females and four males 1-3 years old were high (0.94; 95% CI: 0.89-0.97) and indicative of an increasing or constant population. Thus, the presence of wolves did not prevent the bighorn sheep population from increasing slowly during the decade following reintroduction. However, sheep counts remain low compared to the 487 sheep observed before an outbreak of keratoconjunctivitis caused 60% mortality during 1982, suggesting that other factors limited the recovery of this relatively isolated, high-elevation, native sheep population. Increases in abundance and recruitment of bighorn sheep during 1998-2005 were concurrent with a 50% decrease in the numbers of northern Yellowstone elk after wolf reintroduction. Thus, the potential effects of decreased competition for resources between elk and bighorn sheep on lamb recruitment and sheep population growth merit further investigation.
Book Synopsis Yellowstone's Wildlife in Transition by : P. J. White
Download or read book Yellowstone's Wildlife in Transition written by P. J. White and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-01 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's first national park is constantly changing. How we understand and respond to recent events putting species under stress will determine the future of ecosystems millions of years in the making. Marshaling expertise from over 30 contributors, Yellowstone's Wildlife in Transition examines three primary challenges to the park's ecology.
Book Synopsis Wild Mammals of Wyoming and Yellowstone National Park by : Steven W. Buskirk
Download or read book Wild Mammals of Wyoming and Yellowstone National Park written by Steven W. Buskirk and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2016-01-12 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wild Mammals of Wyoming and Yellowstone National Park provides the scholar, conservationist, and interested lay reader with information on the state's 117 wild mammalian species from grizzly bears to pygmy shrews. It describes the history of mammalogy in Wyoming, the zoogeography of Wyoming mammals, and the prehistoric mammals of Wyoming. It also characterizes the habitats of Wyoming mammals and addresses the conservation and management of mammals in the region. Expanding beyond the traditional field guide, Steven W. Buskirk emphasizes taxonomic classification, geographic range, and conservation status for mammalian species. Introductory sections are provided for each order and family, and individual species accounts organize a wealth of data ranging from habitat associations to field measurements in an easy-to-use format. Featuring color species photos, continental and state-scale distribution maps, and a comprehensive bibliography with nearly 1,000 references, Wild Mammals of Wyoming and Yellowstone National Park is an indispensable resource for wildlife and conservation biologists and mammalogists working in this region.
Book Synopsis Ecological Issues on Reintroducing Wolves Into Yellowstone National Park by : Robert Sewell Cook
Download or read book Ecological Issues on Reintroducing Wolves Into Yellowstone National Park written by Robert Sewell Cook and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Gray Wolves (Canis Lupus) Reintroduction Into Yellowstone National Park (N.P.) and Central Idaho (WY,MT, and ID) by :
Download or read book Gray Wolves (Canis Lupus) Reintroduction Into Yellowstone National Park (N.P.) and Central Idaho (WY,MT, and ID) written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Reintroduction of Gray Wolves to Yellowstone National Park and Central Idaho by :
Download or read book The Reintroduction of Gray Wolves to Yellowstone National Park and Central Idaho written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wolves for Yellowstone?: Research & analysis by : Yellowstone National Park
Download or read book Wolves for Yellowstone?: Research & analysis written by Yellowstone National Park and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vol. 3-4 edited by John D. Varley and Wayne G. Brewster; Sarah E. Broadbent and Renee Evanoff, technical editors.
Book Synopsis Boise National Forest (N.F.), Payette National Forest (N.F.) and Sawtooth National Forest (N.F.), Forest Plan Revision by :
Download or read book Boise National Forest (N.F.), Payette National Forest (N.F.) and Sawtooth National Forest (N.F.), Forest Plan Revision written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 802 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Yellowstone's Ungulates After Wolves-expectations, Realizations, and Predictions by : Patrick James White
Download or read book Yellowstone's Ungulates After Wolves-expectations, Realizations, and Predictions written by Patrick James White and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We evaluated the initial implications of wolf (Canis lupus) recovery on ungulates in Yellowstone National Park and compared expectations prior to wolf restoration with observed impacts since resotration. the numerical and functional responses of colonizing wolves in Yellowstone's prey-rich environment were higher than expected and close to the maximum rates predicted prior to wolf restoration. Counts of northern Yellowstone elk (Cervus elaphus) decreased more (50%) than predicted (5-30%), and will likely continue to decrease given the strong preference of wolves for elk and continued high kill rates despite this substantial reduction in elk abundance. Contrary to expectations, human harvests were not reduced appreciably concurrent with wolf restoration, but instead remained similar to pre-wolf restoration years. However, antler-less permits were gradually reduced by 51% during 2000-20004 and additional reductions may be necessary while wolf densities remain high. There have been no substantial effects of wolf recovery on other ungulate species (bighorn sheep)(Ovis canadensis), bison (Bison bison), moose (Alces alces), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), pronghorn (Antilocapra americana)). However, wolf recovery may eventually contribute to increased bison and pronghorn abundance by decreasing elk and coyote abundance, respectively. Wolf recovery may also contribute to more -pronounced spatial structuring of sex/age classes of northern Yellowstone elk through changes in their distribution, migration, and age structure. The initial consequences of wolf recovery support the premise that wolves may naturally achieve densities above their threshold for ecological effectiveness and contribute to significant changes in ecosystems, including the amelioration of ungulate-caused landscape simplification.
Book Synopsis The Yellowstone Wolf by : Paul Schullery
Download or read book The Yellowstone Wolf written by Paul Schullery and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All royalties from sales of this book go to Yellowstone’s wolf recovery project Few animals inspire such a mixture of fear, curiosity, and wonder as the wolf. Highly regarded but often misunderstood, the wolf has as many friends as enemies, and its reintroduction into Yellowstone National Park has sparked both fascination and controversy. Early in Yellowstone’s history, wolves were thought supernaturally evil, and scores were destroyed. Northern Rocky Mountain wolves were native to Yellowstone when the park was established in 1872, but “predator control” led to determined eradication, and by the 1940s they were gone. Amid much fanfare, however, wolves were reintroduced to one of the nation’s oldest national parks in the 1990s. This comprehensive reference documents the prehistory, management, and nature of the Yellowstone wolf. Historian-naturalist Paul Schullery has assembled the voices of explorers, naturalists, park officials, tourists, lawmakers, and modern researchers to tell the story of what may be the most famous wolf population in the world. This unique book includes numerous scientific studies of interest to wolf enthusiasts and scholars of western wildlife issues, conservation, and national parks. In a new afterword, Schullery discusses recent developments in the recovery project.
Book Synopsis Wolves for Yellowstone?: Research and analysis by :
Download or read book Wolves for Yellowstone?: Research and analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wolves for Yellowstone: Dynamics in Time and Space by : Mark S. Boyce
Download or read book Wolves for Yellowstone: Dynamics in Time and Space written by Mark S. Boyce and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reintroduction of gray wolves (Canis lupus) to Yellowstone National Park is the most celebrated ecological experiment in history. As predicted by population models, the rapid recovery of a wolf population caused both temporal and spatial variability in wolf?ungulate interactions that likewise generated temporal and spatial variation in the expression of trophic cascades. This has amplified spatial variation in vegetation in Yellowstone, particularly with willow (Salix spp.) and cottonwood (Populus spp.) in riparian areas, with associated changes in food webs. Increasing influences of grizzly bears (Ursus arctos), cougars (Puma concolor), and bison (Bison bison) are making what initially was predominantly an elk?wolf interaction into an increasingly complex system. Outside Yellowstone, however, humans have a dominant influence in western North America that overwhelms trophic cascades resulting in what appear to be bottom-up influences on community structure and function. Complex and unexpected ecosystem responses to wolf recovery in Yellowstone reinforce the value of national parks and other protected areas as ecological baseline reserves.
Book Synopsis Decade of the Wolf by : Douglas Smith
Download or read book Decade of the Wolf written by Douglas Smith and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2012-04-17 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Decade of the Wolf, project leader Douglas W. Smith and acclaimed nature writer Gary Ferguson describe the journey of thirty-one Canadian gray wolves that were released in 1995 and 1996 into Yellowstone National Park and the people who faithfully followed them. The wolves have not only survived but completely changed the ecosystem, spilling a fresh measure of wildness across the world’s first national park. This updated edition includes additional wolf profiles, newinformation on the effects of climate change and disease, and a retrospective on what the scientists have learned during this extended study of the Yellowstone wolves.
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Parks, Historic Preservation, and Recreation Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :72 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (51 download)
Book Synopsis Wolves in Yellowstone National Park by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Parks, Historic Preservation, and Recreation
Download or read book Wolves in Yellowstone National Park written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Parks, Historic Preservation, and Recreation and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reintroduction and Management of Wolves in Yellowstone National Park and the Central Idaho Wilderness Area by : United States. Wolf Management Committee
Download or read book Reintroduction and Management of Wolves in Yellowstone National Park and the Central Idaho Wilderness Area written by United States. Wolf Management Committee and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Wolves of Yellowstone by : John Weaver
Download or read book The Wolves of Yellowstone written by John Weaver and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historical records and intensive field surveys 1975-77 provided information on the population history, ecology, and current status of wolves (Canis lupus) in Yellowstone National Park and vicinity. Wolves occurred in unknown but seemingly low densities during the latter 1800s in several areas of Yellowstone where they were controlled periodically until 1926. Populations apparently began increasing about 1912, primarily in the northeast, and may have reached nonequilibrium levels of 30-40 animals (postwhelping). Intensive control 1914-26 removed at least 136 wolves, including about 80 pups. During this period Yellowstone wolves characteristically lived in packs of 3-16 members, some of which followed the ungulates in their seasonal migrations. Litters averaging 7.8 were born in late March and April, primarily in the north central sector of the park. Limited evidence suggests that elk (Cervus elaphus) were important food for wolves during all seasons. Wolves either survived the control era or moved in shortly thereafter for singles, pairs, and a pack of four were reported the following decade. Resident wolf packs, however, were eliminated from Yellowstone National Park by the l940s. Large canids have been sighted intermittently to the present, but their identity has not been established. Singles and pairs comprised 89% of 116 "probable" reports over the past 50 years. Speculation about factors limiting the Yellowstone wolf population considers its relative geographic isolation from viable wolf populations and possible genetic problems (including wolf-coyote hybridization) associated with prolonged minimal population status. A transplant of wolves from British Columbia or Alberta, or perhaps Minnesota, is recommended to restore a viable population of this native predator to Yellowstone National Park.
Book Synopsis Trophic Interactions of Gray Wolves (Canis Lupus), the Keystone Species in Yellowstone National Park by : Christie D. Lavalleé
Download or read book Trophic Interactions of Gray Wolves (Canis Lupus), the Keystone Species in Yellowstone National Park written by Christie D. Lavalleé and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gray wolf (Canis lupus) is an apex predator described as a keystone species in Yellowstone National Park. Their importance in this habitat was unknown until they were anthropogenically extirpated in the 1920s. The 75-year absence of gray wolves in Yellowstone led to declines in biodiversity, and habitat quality, all of which is gradually returning upon wolf reintroduction in 1995. Trophic interactions are the driving forces behind the gray wolves? ability to directly and indirectly provide benefits for almost all species of fauna and flora within Yellowstone National Park. This paper reviews how wolves? trophic interactions have helped in reshaping the dynamics of Yellowstone National Park.
