Information Structure And Information Theory

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Information structure and information theory

Author : Robin Lemke
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961104816
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Information structure and information theory by : Robin Lemke

Download or read book Information structure and information theory written by Robin Lemke and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2024-09-19 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume results from the workshop "Discourse obligates – How and why discourse limits the way we express what we express" at the 44th Annual Meeting of the German Linguistic Society in Tübingen, Germany. The workshop brought - and this book brings - together information-structural and information-theoretic perspectives on optional variation between linguistic encodings. Previously, linguistic phenomena like linearization, the choice between syntactic constructions or the distribution of ellipsis have been investigated from an information-structural or information-theoretic perspective, but the relationship between these approaches remains underexplored. The goal of this book is to look more in detail into how information structure and information theory contribute to explaining linguistic variation, to what extent they explain different encoding choices and whether they interact in doing so. Using experimental and corpus-based methods, the contributions investigate this on different languages, historical stages and levels of linguistic analysis.

Information Structure and Sentence Form

Author : Knud Lambrecht
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316582418
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Information Structure and Sentence Form by : Knud Lambrecht

Download or read book Information Structure and Sentence Form written by Knud Lambrecht and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-11-13 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do speakers of all languages use different grammatical structures under different communicative circumstances to express the same idea? Professor Lambrecht explores the relationship between the structure of the sentence and the linguistic and extra-linguistic context in which it is used. His analysis is based on the observation that the structure of a sentence reflects a speaker's assumption about the hearer's state of knowledge and consciousness at the time of the utterance. This relationship between speaker assumptions and formal sentence structure is governed by rules and conventions of grammar, in a component called 'information structure'. Four independent but interrelated categories are analysed: presupposition and assertion, identifiability and activation, topic, and focus.

Entropy and Information Theory

Author : Robert M. Gray
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475739826
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Entropy and Information Theory by : Robert M. Gray

Download or read book Entropy and Information Theory written by Robert M. Gray and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the theory of probabilistic information measures and their application to coding theorems for information sources and noisy channels. The eventual goal is a general development of Shannon's mathematical theory of communication, but much of the space is devoted to the tools and methods required to prove the Shannon coding theorems. These tools form an area common to ergodic theory and information theory and comprise several quantitative notions of the information in random variables, random processes, and dynamical systems. Examples are entropy, mutual information, conditional entropy, conditional information, and discrimination or relative entropy, along with the limiting normalized versions of these quantities such as entropy rate and information rate. Much of the book is concerned with their properties, especially the long term asymptotic behavior of sample information and expected information. This is the only up-to-date treatment of traditional information theory emphasizing ergodic theory.

Structural Information Theory

Author : Emanuel Leeuwenberg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107029600
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Information Theory by : Emanuel Leeuwenberg

Download or read book Structural Information Theory written by Emanuel Leeuwenberg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A coherent and comprehensive theory of visual pattern classification with quantitative models, verifiable predictions and extensive empirical evidence.

Information Theory of Molecular Systems

Author : Roman F Nalewajski
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080459749
Total Pages : 463 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Information Theory of Molecular Systems by : Roman F Nalewajski

Download or read book Information Theory of Molecular Systems written by Roman F Nalewajski and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-03-31 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As well as providing a unified outlook on physics, Information Theory (IT) has numerous applications in chemistry and biology owing to its ability to provide a measure of the entropy/information contained within probability distributions and criteria of their information "distance" (similarity) and independence. Information Theory of Molecular Systems applies standard IT to classical problems in the theory of electronic structure and chemical reactivity. The book starts by introducing the basic concepts of modern electronic structure/reactivity theory based upon the Density Functional Theory (DFT), followed by an outline of the main ideas and techniques of IT, including several illustrative applications to molecular systems. Coverage includes information origins of the chemical bond, unbiased definition of molecular fragments, adequate entropic measures of their internal (intra-fragment) and external (inter-fragment) bond-orders and valence-numbers, descriptors of their chemical reactivity, and information criteria of their similarity and independence. Information Theory of Molecular Systems is recommended to graduate students and researchers interested in fresh ideas in the theory of electronic structure and chemical reactivity.·Provides powerful tools for tackling both classical and new problems in the theory of the molecular electronic structure and chemical reactivity·Introduces basic concepts of the modern electronic structure/reactivity theory based upon the Density Functional Theory (DFT)·Outlines main ideas and techniques of Information Theory

On Information Structure, Meaning and Form

Author : Kerstin Schwabe
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9789027233646
Total Pages : 584 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (336 download)

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Book Synopsis On Information Structure, Meaning and Form by : Kerstin Schwabe

Download or read book On Information Structure, Meaning and Form written by Kerstin Schwabe and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2007 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of articles offers a new and compelling perspective on the interface connecting syntax, phonology, semantics and pragmatics. At the core of this volume is the hypothesis that information structure represents the common interface of these grammatical components. Information structure is investigated here from different theoretical viewpoints yielding typologically relevant information and structural generalizations. In the volume's introductory chapter, the editors identify two central approaches to information structure: the formal and the interpretive view. The remainder of the book is organized accordingly. The first part examines information structure and grammar, concentrating on generalizations across languages. The second part investigates information structure and pragmatics, concentrating on clause structure and context. Through concrete analyses of topic, focus, and related phenomena across different languages, the contributors add new and convincing evidence to the research on information structure.

Information Theory and Language

Author : Łukasz Dębowski
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039360264
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (393 download)

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Book Synopsis Information Theory and Language by : Łukasz Dębowski

Download or read book Information Theory and Language written by Łukasz Dębowski and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-15 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Information Theory and Language” is a collection of 12 articles that appeared recently in Entropy as part of a Special Issue of the same title. These contributions represent state-of-the-art interdisciplinary research at the interface of information theory and language studies. They concern in particular: • Applications of information theoretic concepts such as Shannon and Rényi entropies, mutual information, and rate–distortion curves to the research of natural languages; • Mathematical work in information theory inspired by natural language phenomena, such as deriving moments of subword complexity or proving continuity of mutual information; • Empirical and theoretical investigation of quantitative laws of natural language such as Zipf’s law, Herdan’s law, and Menzerath–Altmann’s law; • Empirical and theoretical investigations of statistical language models, including recently developed neural language models, their entropies, and other parameters; • Standardizing language resources for statistical investigation of natural language; • Other topics concerning semantics, syntax, and critical phenomena. Whereas the traditional divide between probabilistic and formal approaches to human language, cultivated in the disjoint scholarships of natural sciences and humanities, has been blurred in recent years, this book can contribute to pointing out potential areas of future research cross-fertilization.

Information Theory And Evolution (Third Edition)

Author : John Scales Avery
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9811250383
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Information Theory And Evolution (Third Edition) by : John Scales Avery

Download or read book Information Theory And Evolution (Third Edition) written by John Scales Avery and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-11-24 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly interdisciplinary book discusses the phenomenon of life, including its origin and evolution, against the background of thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, and information theory. Among the central themes is the seeming contradiction between the second law of thermodynamics and the high degree of order and complexity produced by living systems. As the author shows, this paradox has its resolution in the information content of the Gibbs free energy that enters the biosphere from outside sources. Another focus of the book is the role of information in human cultural evolution, which is also discussed with the origin of human linguistic abilities. One of the final chapters addresses the merging of information technology and biotechnology into a new discipline — bioinformation technology.This third edition has been updated to reflect the latest scientific and technological advances. Professor Avery makes use of the perspectives of famous scholars such as Professor Noam Chomsky and Nobel Laureates John O'Keefe, May-Britt Moser and Edward Moser to cast light on the evolution of human languages. The mechanism of cell differentiation, and the rapid acceleration of information technology in the 21st century are also discussed.With various research disciplines becoming increasingly interrelated today, Information Theory and Evolution provides nuance to the conversation between bioinformatics, information technology, and pertinent social-political issues. This book is a welcome voice in working on the future challenges that humanity will face as a result of scientific and technological progress.

Information Theory, Inference and Learning Algorithms

Author : David J. C. MacKay
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521642989
Total Pages : 694 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (429 download)

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Book Synopsis Information Theory, Inference and Learning Algorithms by : David J. C. MacKay

Download or read book Information Theory, Inference and Learning Algorithms written by David J. C. MacKay and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-09-25 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information theory and inference, taught together in this exciting textbook, lie at the heart of many important areas of modern technology - communication, signal processing, data mining, machine learning, pattern recognition, computational neuroscience, bioinformatics and cryptography. The book introduces theory in tandem with applications. Information theory is taught alongside practical communication systems such as arithmetic coding for data compression and sparse-graph codes for error-correction. Inference techniques, including message-passing algorithms, Monte Carlo methods and variational approximations, are developed alongside applications to clustering, convolutional codes, independent component analysis, and neural networks. Uniquely, the book covers state-of-the-art error-correcting codes, including low-density-parity-check codes, turbo codes, and digital fountain codes - the twenty-first-century standards for satellite communications, disk drives, and data broadcast. Richly illustrated, filled with worked examples and over 400 exercises, some with detailed solutions, the book is ideal for self-learning, and for undergraduate or graduate courses. It also provides an unparalleled entry point for professionals in areas as diverse as computational biology, financial engineering and machine learning.

Elements of Information Theory

Author : Thomas M. Cover
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118585771
Total Pages : 788 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)

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Book Synopsis Elements of Information Theory by : Thomas M. Cover

Download or read book Elements of Information Theory written by Thomas M. Cover and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-11-28 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest edition of this classic is updated with new problem sets and material The Second Edition of this fundamental textbook maintains the book's tradition of clear, thought-provoking instruction. Readers are provided once again with an instructive mix of mathematics, physics, statistics, and information theory. All the essential topics in information theory are covered in detail, including entropy, data compression, channel capacity, rate distortion, network information theory, and hypothesis testing. The authors provide readers with a solid understanding of the underlying theory and applications. Problem sets and a telegraphic summary at the end of each chapter further assist readers. The historical notes that follow each chapter recap the main points. The Second Edition features: * Chapters reorganized to improve teaching * 200 new problems * New material on source coding, portfolio theory, and feedback capacity * Updated references Now current and enhanced, the Second Edition of Elements of Information Theory remains the ideal textbook for upper-level undergraduate and graduate courses in electrical engineering, statistics, and telecommunications.

Entropy and Information

Author : Mikhail V. Volkenstein
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 303460078X
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (346 download)

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Book Synopsis Entropy and Information by : Mikhail V. Volkenstein

Download or read book Entropy and Information written by Mikhail V. Volkenstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-27 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is just...entropy, he said, thinking that this explained everything, and he repeated the strange word a few times. 1 ? Karel Capek , “Krakatit” This “strange word” denotes one of the most basic quantities of the physics of heat phenomena, that is, of thermodynamics. Although the concept of entropy did indeed originate in thermodynamics, it later became clear that it was a more universal concept, of fundamental signi?cance for chemistry and biology, as well as physics. Although the concept of energy is usually considered more important and easier to grasp, it turns out, as we shall see, that the idea of entropy is just as substantial—and moreover not all that complicated. We can compute or measure the quantity of energy contained in this sheet of paper, and the same is true of its entropy. Furthermore, entropy has remarkable properties. Our galaxy, the solar system, and the biosphere all take their being from entropy, as a result of its transferenceto the surrounding medium. Thereis a surprisingconnectionbetween entropyandinformation,thatis,thetotalintelligencecommunicatedbyamessage. All of this is expounded in the present book, thereby conveying informationto the readeranddecreasinghis entropy;butitis uptothe readertodecidehowvaluable this information might be.

Information Theory

Author : Robert B. Ash
Publisher : Halsted Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Information Theory by : Robert B. Ash

Download or read book Information Theory written by Robert B. Ash and published by Halsted Press. This book was released on 1965 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Abstract Methods in Information Theory

Author : Yichir Kakihara
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9789810237110
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (371 download)

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Book Synopsis Abstract Methods in Information Theory by : Yichir Kakihara

Download or read book Abstract Methods in Information Theory written by Yichir Kakihara and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1999 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information Theory is studied from the following view points: (1) the theory of entropy as amount of information; (2) the mathematical structure of information sources (probability measures); and (3) the theory of information channels. Shannon entropy and Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy are defined and their basic properties are examined, where the latter entropy is extended to be a linear functional on a certain set of measures. Ergodic and mixing properties of stationary sources are studied as well as AMS (asymptotically mean stationary) sources. The main purpose of this book is to present information channels in the environment of real and functional analysis as well as probability theory. Ergodic channels are characterized in various manners. Mixing and AMS channels are also considered in detail with some illustrations. A few other aspects of information channels including measurability, approximation and noncommutative extensions, are also discussed.

Information Theory and the Brain

Author : Roland Baddeley
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521631971
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (216 download)

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Book Synopsis Information Theory and the Brain by : Roland Baddeley

Download or read book Information Theory and the Brain written by Roland Baddeley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-05-15 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with information theory, a new and expanding area of neuroscience which provides a framework for understanding neuronal processing.

Probability Space

Author : Nancy Kress
Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9780765345141
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (451 download)

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Book Synopsis Probability Space by : Nancy Kress

Download or read book Probability Space written by Nancy Kress and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2004-01-05 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nancy Kress cemented her reputation in SF with the publication of her multiple-award–winning novella, “Beggars in Spain,” which became the basis for her extremely successful Beggars Trilogy (comprising Beggars in Spain, Beggars and Choosers, and Beggars Ride). And now she brings us Probability Space, the conclusion of the trilogy that began with Probability Moon and then Probability Sun, which is centered on the same world as Kress’s Nebula Award-winning novelette, “Flowers of Aulit Prison.” The Probability Trilogy has already been widely recognized as the next great work by this important SF writer. In Probability Space, humanity’s war with the alien Fallers continues, and it is a war we are losing. Our implacable foes ignore all attempts at communication, and they take no prisoners. Our only hope lies with an unlikely coalition: Major Lyle Kaufman, retired warrior; Marbet Grant, the Sensitive who’s involved with Kaufman; Amanda, a very confused fourteen-year-old girl; and Magdalena, one of the biggest power brokers in all of human space. As the action moves from Earth to Mars to the farthest reaches of known space, with civil unrest back home and alien war in deep space, four humans--armed with little more than an unproven theory--try to enter the Fallers’ home star system. It’s a desperate gamble, and the fate of the entire universe may hang in the balance.

Information Structures in Economics

Author : M. Nermuth
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642464475
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (424 download)

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Book Synopsis Information Structures in Economics by : M. Nermuth

Download or read book Information Structures in Economics written by M. Nermuth and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended as a contribution to the theory of markets with imperfect information. The subject being nearly limitless, only certain selected topics are discussed. These are outlined in the Introduction (Ch. 0). The remainder of the book is divided into three parts. All results of economic significance are contained in Parts II & III. Part I introduces the main tools for the analysis, in particular the concept of an information structure. Although most of the material presented in Part I is not original, it is hoped that the detailed and self-contained exposition will help the reader to understand not only the following pages, but also the existing technical and variegated literature on markets with imperfect information. The mathematical prerequisites needed, but not explained in the text rarely go beyond elementary calculus and probability theory. Whenever more advanced concepts are used, I have made an effort to give an intuitive explanation as well, so that the argument can also be followed on a non-technical level (cf. e.g. the treatment of the "generic" viewpoint in Ch. 9). In the same spirit, discussion of mathematical assumptions is limited to those which have economic sig- ficance, whereas purely "technical" assumptions (like differentiability or integrability of certain functions) are usually made without comment whenever convenient. The logical interdependence of chapters is as follows: Ch. 3 . Ch. 1 /~I--=---- Ch. 4 Ch. 2 Ch. 8 ~I -=--- /"'-.... Ch.

Uncertainty and Information

Author : George J. Klir
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0471755567
Total Pages : 499 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (717 download)

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Book Synopsis Uncertainty and Information by : George J. Klir

Download or read book Uncertainty and Information written by George J. Klir and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-11-22 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deal with information and uncertainty properly and efficientlyusing tools emerging from generalized information theory Uncertainty and Information: Foundations of Generalized InformationTheory contains comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of resultsthat have emerged from a research program begun by the author inthe early 1990s under the name "generalized information theory"(GIT). This ongoing research program aims to develop a formalmathematical treatment of the interrelated concepts of uncertaintyand information in all their varieties. In GIT, as in classicalinformation theory, uncertainty (predictive, retrodictive,diagnostic, prescriptive, and the like) is viewed as amanifestation of information deficiency, while information isviewed as anything capable of reducing the uncertainty. A broadconceptual framework for GIT is obtained by expanding theformalized language of classical set theory to include moreexpressive formalized languages based on fuzzy sets of varioustypes, and by expanding classical theory of additive measures toinclude more expressive non-additive measures of varioustypes. This landmark book examines each of several theories for dealingwith particular types of uncertainty at the following fourlevels: * Mathematical formalization of the conceived type ofuncertainty * Calculus for manipulating this particular type ofuncertainty * Justifiable ways of measuring the amount of uncertainty in anysituation formalizable in the theory * Methodological aspects of the theory With extensive use of examples and illustrations to clarify complexmaterial and demonstrate practical applications, generoushistorical and bibliographical notes, end-of-chapter exercises totest readers' newfound knowledge, glossaries, and an Instructor'sManual, this is an excellent graduate-level textbook, as well as anoutstanding reference for researchers and practitioners who dealwith the various problems involving uncertainty and information. AnInstructor's Manual presenting detailed solutions to all theproblems in the book is available from the Wiley editorialdepartment.