Influenced Preferences

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Adaptation and Autonomy: Adaptive Preferences in Enhancing and Ending Life

Author : Juha Räikkä
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642383769
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)

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Book Synopsis Adaptation and Autonomy: Adaptive Preferences in Enhancing and Ending Life by : Juha Räikkä

Download or read book Adaptation and Autonomy: Adaptive Preferences in Enhancing and Ending Life written by Juha Räikkä and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gathers together previously unpublished articles focusing on the relationship between preference adaptation and autonomy in connection with human enhancement and in the end-of-life context. The value of individual autonomy is a cornerstone of liberal societies. While there are different conceptions of the notion, it is arguable that on any plausible understanding of individual autonomy an autonomous agent needs to take into account the conditions that circumscribe its actions. Yet it has also been suggested that allowing one’s options to affect one’s preferences threatens autonomy. While this phenomenon has received some attention in other areas of moral philosophy, it has seldom been considered in bioethics. This book combines for the first time the topics of preference adaptation, individual autonomy, and choosing to die or to enhance human capacities in a unique and comprehensive volume, filling an important knowledge gap in the contemporary bioethics literature.

Affluence and Influence

Author : Martin Gilens
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691153973
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Affluence and Influence by : Martin Gilens

Download or read book Affluence and Influence written by Martin Gilens and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-22 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why policymaking in the United States privileges the rich over the poor Can a country be a democracy if its government only responds to the preferences of the rich? In an ideal democracy, all citizens should have equal influence on government policy—but as this book demonstrates, America's policymakers respond almost exclusively to the preferences of the economically advantaged. Affluence and Influence definitively explores how political inequality in the United States has evolved over the last several decades and how this growing disparity has been shaped by interest groups, parties, and elections. With sharp analysis and an impressive range of data, Martin Gilens looks at thousands of proposed policy changes, and the degree of support for each among poor, middle-class, and affluent Americans. His findings are staggering: when preferences of low- or middle-income Americans diverge from those of the affluent, there is virtually no relationship between policy outcomes and the desires of less advantaged groups. In contrast, affluent Americans' preferences exhibit a substantial relationship with policy outcomes whether their preferences are shared by lower-income groups or not. Gilens shows that representational inequality is spread widely across different policy domains and time periods. Yet Gilens also shows that under specific circumstances the preferences of the middle class and, to a lesser extent, the poor, do seem to matter. In particular, impending elections—especially presidential elections—and an even partisan division in Congress mitigate representational inequality and boost responsiveness to the preferences of the broader public. At a time when economic and political inequality in the United States only continues to rise, Affluence and Influence raises important questions about whether American democracy is truly responding to the needs of all its citizens.

Neuroscience of Preference and Choice

Author : Raymond J. Dolan
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123814324
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuroscience of Preference and Choice by : Raymond J. Dolan

Download or read book Neuroscience of Preference and Choice written by Raymond J. Dolan and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-09-30 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most pressing questions in neuroscience, psychology and economics today is how does the brain generate preferences and make choices? With a unique interdisciplinary approach, this volume is among the first to explore the cognitive and neural mechanisms mediating the generation of the preferences that guide choice. From preferences determining mundane purchases, to social preferences influencing mating choice, through to moral decisions, the authors adopt diverse approaches to answer the question. Chapters explore the instability of preferences and the common neural processes that occur across preferences. Edited by one of the world's most renowned cognitive neuroscientists, each chapter is authored by an expert in the field, with a host of international contributors. - Emphasis on common process underlying preference generation makes material applicable to a variety of disciplines – neuroscience, psychology, economics, law, philosophy, etc. - Offers specific focus on how preferences are generated to guide decision making, carefully examining one aspect of the broad field of neuroeconomics and complementing existing volumes - Features outstanding, international scholarship, with chapters written by an expert in the topic area

Law, Politics, and Perception

Author : Eileen Braman
Publisher : University of Virginia Press
ISBN 13 : 0813928370
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (139 download)

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Book Synopsis Law, Politics, and Perception by : Eileen Braman

Download or read book Law, Politics, and Perception written by Eileen Braman and published by University of Virginia Press. This book was released on 2009-10-29 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are judges' decisions more likely to be based on personal inclinations or legal authority? The answer, Eileen Braman argues, is both. Law, Politics, and Perception brings cognitive psychology to bear on the question of the relative importance of norms of legal reasoning versus decision markers' policy preferences in legal decision-making. While Braman acknowledges that decision makers' attitudes—or, more precisely, their preference for policy outcomes—can play a significant role in judicial decisions, she also believes that decision-makers' belief that they must abide by accepted rules of legal analysis significantly limits the role of preferences in their judgements. To reconcile these competing factors, Braman posits that judges engage in "motivated reasoning," a biased process in which decision-makers are unconsciously predisposed to find legal authority that is consistent with their own preferences more convincing than those that go against them. But Braman also provides evidence that the scope of motivated reasoning is limited. Objective case facts and accepted norms of legal reasoning can often inhibit decision makers' ability to reach conclusions consistent with their preferences.

Human preferences and risky choices

Author : Petko Kusev
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
ISBN 13 : 2889190560
Total Pages : 69 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Human preferences and risky choices by : Petko Kusev

Download or read book Human preferences and risky choices written by Petko Kusev and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2012 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "There are different views on what preferences for risks are and whether they are indicators of stable, underlying generic cognitive systems. Preferences could be conceived as an attitude towards a set of properties of context, memory and affect - a gauge of how much uncertainty one is willing to tolerate. This Research Topic aims to initiate a discussion on the stability of preferences for risks - as research has shown that different decision domains, response modes, and framing facilitate preference reversals. A consistent claim from behavioural decision researchers is that, contrary to the assumptions of classical economics, preferences are not stable and inherent constructs in individuals but are modified by levels of accessibility in memory, context, decision complexity, and type of psychological processing (e.g., sampling or computational "trade-offs" in processing). For example, in a sampling-based decision-making paradigm it is argued that preferences are not essential for making risky decisions. The existing theoretical and empirical evidence reveals that human preferences are relative and unstable, undermining the predictions of normative theory. Recent theoretical accounts in psychology have expanded the debate further by offering evolutionary models of decision-making under risk. While most of the researcher has explored optimisation goals (traditionally assumed in economics), evolutionary psychology has promoted adaptation-driven processes for risky choices. Moreover, we have witnessed a renaissance of preferences as affect rather than as a construct with psycho-economical properties. Although behavioural decision research is still engaged in challenging the foundation of economic theory, at present, opinions seem less unified as to whether preferences reflect common psychological constructs. The Research Topic will focus on human preferences and risky choices. Topics include: Normative, descriptive and experience-based decision making, Preference reversals, Accessibility in memory, Context dependence, Psychological processing (including i) probabilities, utilities, computations and 'trade-offs', and ii) sampling), Affect, and Evolutionary accounts." -- Provided by publisher.

Social Learning

Author : Thomas R. Zentall
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317766881
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Learning by : Thomas R. Zentall

Download or read book Social Learning written by Thomas R. Zentall and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1988. During the past decade there has been a marked increase in the number of North American and European laboratories engaged in the study of social learning. As a consequence, evidence is rapidly accumulating that in animals, as in humans, social interaction plays an important role in facilitating development of adaptive patterns of behavior. Experimenters are isolated both by the phenomena they study and by the species with which they work. The process of creating a coherent field out of the diversity of current social learning research is likely to be both long and difficult. It the authors’ hope, that the present volume may prove a useful first step in bringing order to a diverse field.

Computational Science – ICCS 2023

Author : Jiří Mikyška
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031360273
Total Pages : 687 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Science – ICCS 2023 by : Jiří Mikyška

Download or read book Computational Science – ICCS 2023 written by Jiří Mikyška and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-29 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The five-volume set LNCS 14073-14077 constitutes the proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computational Science, ICCS 2023, held in Prague, Czech Republic, during July 3-5, 2023. The total of 188 full papers and 94 short papers presented in this book set were carefully reviewed and selected from 530 submissions. 54 full and 37 short papers were accepted to the main track; 134 full and 57 short papers were accepted to the workshops/thematic tracks. The theme for 2023, "Computation at the Cutting Edge of Science", highlights the role of Computational Science in assisting multidisciplinary research. This conference was a unique event focusing on recent developments in scalable scientific algorithms, advanced software tools; computational grids; advanced numerical methods; and novel application areas. These innovative novel models, algorithms, and tools drive new science through efficient application in physical systems, computational and systems biology, environmental systems, finance, and others.

The Trade Impact of European Union Preferential Policies

Author : Luca De Benedictis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642165648
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis The Trade Impact of European Union Preferential Policies by : Luca De Benedictis

Download or read book The Trade Impact of European Union Preferential Policies written by Luca De Benedictis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-21 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book investigates the EU preferential trade policy and, in particular, the impact it had on trade flows from developing countries. It shows that the capability of the "trade as aid" model to deliver its expected benefits to these countries crucially differs between preferential schemes and sectors. The book takes an eclectic but rigorous approach to the econometric analysis by combining different specifications of the gravity model. An in-depth presentation of the gravity model is also included, providing significant insights into the distinctive features of this technique and its state-of-art implementation. The evidence produced in the book is extensively applied to the analysis of the EU preferential policies with substantial suggestions for future improvement. Additional electronic material to replicate the book's analysis (datasets and Gams and Stata 9.0 routines) can be found in the Extra Materials menu on the website of the book.

The Mindful International Manager

Author : Jeremy Comfort
Publisher : Kogan Page Publishers
ISBN 13 : 0749469838
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (494 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mindful International Manager by : Jeremy Comfort

Download or read book The Mindful International Manager written by Jeremy Comfort and published by Kogan Page Publishers. This book was released on 2014-02-03 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mindful International Manager tackles the management situations that international managers have to handle every day. Accessible and jargon-free it explains how to clarify local vs. international roles, support and develop a team, organize and coordinate boundaries of time and distance, and win commitment toward common goals. The authors, both interculturalists, include exercises and best practice advice and the experiences and insights of practising international managers. They combine their practical approach with great depth of insight into the challenges of working and managing internationally and include the results of new research findings and cutting-edge case studies on topics such as leadership, global nomads, virtual teams, coaching and mentoring across cultures and decision-making.

Weighing Goods

Author : John Broome
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111945123X
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Weighing Goods by : John Broome

Download or read book Weighing Goods written by John Broome and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study uses techniques from economics to illuminate fundamental questions in ethics, particularly in the foundations of utilitarianism. Topics considered include the nature of teleological ethics, the foundations of decision theory, the value of equality and the moral significance of a person's continuing identity through time.

Nutrition

Author : Paul Insel
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
ISBN 13 : 1284210952
Total Pages : 1036 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (842 download)

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Book Synopsis Nutrition by : Paul Insel

Download or read book Nutrition written by Paul Insel and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2022-02 with total page 1036 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Given the vast amount of research focused on food and nutrition, it can prove daunting for introductory nutrition instructors to present their students with the latest scientific content. Insel's Nutrition presents the latest nutrition research in an accessible format, supplemented by a behavior-change approach that encourages active student engagement"--

Contemporary Philosophy and Social Science

Author : Michiru Nagatsu
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1474248772
Total Pages : 403 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis Contemporary Philosophy and Social Science by : Michiru Nagatsu

Download or read book Contemporary Philosophy and Social Science written by Michiru Nagatsu and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2019-05-30 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How should we theorize about the social world? How can we integrate theories, models and approaches from seemingly incompatible disciplines? Does theory affect social reality? This state-of-the-art collection addresses contemporary methodological questions and interdisciplinary developments in the philosophy of social science. Facilitating a mutually enriching dialogue, chapters by leading social scientists are followed by critical evaluations from philosophers of social science. This exchange showcases recent major theoretical and methodological breakthroughs and challenges in the social sciences, as well as fruitful ways in which the analytic tools developed in philosophy of science can be applied to understand these advancements. The volume covers a diverse range of principles, methods, innovations and applications, including scientific and methodological pluralism, performativity of theories, causal inferences and applications of social science to policy and business. Taking a practice-orientated and interactive approach, it offers a new philosophy of social science grounded in and relevant to the emerging social science practice.

Issues in Global, Public, Community, and Institutional Health: 2011 Edition

Author :
Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 1464963827
Total Pages : 4426 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (649 download)

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Book Synopsis Issues in Global, Public, Community, and Institutional Health: 2011 Edition by :

Download or read book Issues in Global, Public, Community, and Institutional Health: 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 4426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Global, Public, Community, and Institutional Health: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Global, Public, Community, and Institutional Health. The editors have built Issues in Global, Public, Community, and Institutional Health: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Global, Public, Community, and Institutional Health in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Global, Public, Community, and Institutional Health: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Social Psychology in Sport

Author : Louise Davis
Publisher : Human Kinetics
ISBN 13 : 1718201818
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (182 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Psychology in Sport by : Louise Davis

Download or read book Social Psychology in Sport written by Louise Davis and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2024-01-22 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This edited textbook offers a global perspective on research, practice, and future directions in social psychology in sport. Topics include relationships, communication, leadership, motivation, and morality. Readers gain insight into the interactions and dynamics that affect sport performance and the sport experience for youth and adult athletes and coaches"--

Impact of AI and Robotics on the Medical Tourism Industry

Author : Hassan, Viana
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (693 download)

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Book Synopsis Impact of AI and Robotics on the Medical Tourism Industry by : Hassan, Viana

Download or read book Impact of AI and Robotics on the Medical Tourism Industry written by Hassan, Viana and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2024-03-18 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the ancient world, health seekers traversed vast distances to pursue well-being. Fast forward to the 21st century, and the concept of medical tourism has evolved into a global industry worth billions of dollars. The burgeoning demand for quality healthcare has pushed traditional boundaries, necessitating a more sophisticated and interconnected healthcare ecosystem. Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into medical practices empowers individuals to actively manage their health while providing healthcare practitioners with invaluable insights for tailored patient care. Impact of AI and Robotics on the Medical Tourism Industry delves into the transformative impact of AI and robotics on this dynamic sector. It explores how AI can encourage and assist patients in their health plans while augmenting healthcare practitioners' capabilities to utilize specific patient data to offer unique guidance. It dissects real-world examples, such as Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi's integration of robotic surgery, showcasing how these technologies revolutionize traditional medical practices.

How Social Movements Matter

Author : Marco Giugni
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
ISBN 13 : 9780816629145
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (291 download)

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Book Synopsis How Social Movements Matter by : Marco Giugni

Download or read book How Social Movements Matter written by Marco Giugni and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have all witnessed social movements and felt their effects -- some subtle, others profound. But to truly understand their impact over time, in different countries, and on various segments of society requires the kind of rare insight this book provides. Bringing together several well-known scholars, this volume offers an assessment of the consequences of social movements in Western countries. Policy, institutional, cultural, short- and long-term, and intended and unintended outcomes are among the types of consequences the authors consider in depth. They also compare political outcomes of several contemporary movements -- specifically, women's, peace, ecology, and extreme-rights movements -- in different countries.

The Impact of Trade Agreements: Effect of the Tokyo Round, U.S.-Israel FTA, U.S.-Canada FTA, NAFTA, and the Uruguay Round on the U.S. Economy, Inv. TA-2111-1

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Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1457821125
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (578 download)

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Book Synopsis The Impact of Trade Agreements: Effect of the Tokyo Round, U.S.-Israel FTA, U.S.-Canada FTA, NAFTA, and the Uruguay Round on the U.S. Economy, Inv. TA-2111-1 by :

Download or read book The Impact of Trade Agreements: Effect of the Tokyo Round, U.S.-Israel FTA, U.S.-Canada FTA, NAFTA, and the Uruguay Round on the U.S. Economy, Inv. TA-2111-1 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: