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Influence Of Crystal Lattice On Motion Of Energetic Charged Particles
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Book Synopsis Rainbows in Channeling of Charged Particles in Crystals and Nanotubes by : Nebojša Nešković
Download or read book Rainbows in Channeling of Charged Particles in Crystals and Nanotubes written by Nebojša Nešković and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-27 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the effects, modeling, latest results, and nanotechnology applications of rainbows that appear during channeling of charged particles in crystals and nanotubes. The authors begin with a brief review of the optical and particle rainbow effects followed by a detailed description of crystal rainbows, which appear in ion channeling in crystals, and their modeling using catastrophe theory. The effects of spatial and angular focusing of channeled ions are described, with special attention given to the applications of the former effect to subatomic microscopy. The results of a thorough study of the recent high-resolution channeling experiments performed with protons of energies between 2.0 and 0.7 MeV and a 55 nm thick silicon crystal are also provided. This study opens up the potential for accurate analysis of very thin crystals. Also presented are recent results related to rainbows occurring in proton transmission through carbon nanotubes, and a detailed quantum consideration of the transmission of positrons of an energy of 1 MeV through very short carbon nanotubes. This process is determined by the rainbow effect. The initial positron beam is represented as an ensemble of non-interacting Gaussian wave packets, and the principal and supernumerary primary rainbows appearing in the spatial and angular distributions of transmitted positrons are clearly identified. They are explained by the effects of wrinkling, concentration and coordination of the wave packets.
Book Synopsis Crystal Channeling and Its Application at High-Energy Accelerators by : Valery M. Biryukov
Download or read book Crystal Channeling and Its Application at High-Energy Accelerators written by Valery M. Biryukov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nature performs not hing vainly, and makes nothing unnecessary" Aristotle Interest in the passage of charged particles through crystals first appeared at the beginning of this century following experiments on x-ray diffraction in crystallattices, which provided the proof of an ordered distribution of atoms in a crystal. Stark [1] put forward the hypothesis that certain directions in a crystal should be relatively transparent to charged particles. These first ideas on the channeling of charged particles in crystals were forgotten but became topical again in the early 1960s when the channeling effect was rediscovered by computer simulation [2] and in experiments [3] that revealed anomalously long ion ranges in crystals. The orientational ef fects during the passage of charged particles through crystals have been found for a whole range of processes characterized by small impact parameters for collisions between particles and atoms: nuclear reactions, large-angle scatter ing, energy losses. Lindhard explained the channeling of charged particles in crystals [4]. The results of the numerous investigations into the channeling of low-energy (amounting to several MeV) charged particles in crystals have been summarized in several monographs and reviews [5~8l.
Book Synopsis Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Fast Particles in Solids by : Yurii Kashlev
Download or read book Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Fast Particles in Solids written by Yurii Kashlev and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-10-11 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Fast Particles in Solids examines the kinetics and non-equilibrium statistical thermodynamics of fast charged particles moving in crystals in different modes. It follows a line of research very different from traditional ways of constructing a theory of radiation effects, which gives a purely mechanistic interpretation of particle motion. In contrast, this book takes into account the thermodynamic forces due to separation of the thermodynamic parameters of the subsystem of particles ("hot" atoms) on the parameters of the thermostat (electrons and lattice), in addition to covering the various mechanisms of collisions. Topics Include: Construction of a local kinetic equation of Boltzmann type for fast particles interacting with the conduction electrons and lattice vibrations, on the basis of the principles of Bogolyubov’s kinetic theory Calculation of the equilibrium energy and angular distributions of fast particles at a depth of the order of coherence length, and the evolution of particle distribution with increasing depth of penetration of the beam Calculation of transverse quasi-temperature of channeled particles with the heating of the beam in the process of diffusion of particles in the space of transverse energies, as well as cooling the beam through a dissipative process Research in the framework of non-equilibrium thermodynamics of the relaxation kinetics of random particles, including the thermodynamics of positronium atoms moving in insulators under laser irradiation Analysis of the kinetics of hot carriers in semiconductors and thermalization of hot carriers, as well as the calculation of the statistical distribution of ejected atoms formed during the displacement cascade The book sets a new direction of the theory of radiation effects in solids—non-equilibrium statistical thermodynamics of fast particles—and aims to focus and aid the reader in the study of new areas of investigation in this area.
Book Synopsis Medium-Energy Ion Reflection from Solids by : E.S. Mashkova
Download or read book Medium-Energy Ion Reflection from Solids written by E.S. Mashkova and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medium-Energy Ion Reflection from Solids
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Ion Irradiation on the Properties of Metals and Alloys by : Piotr Budzyński
Download or read book Effect of Ion Irradiation on the Properties of Metals and Alloys written by Piotr Budzyński and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-07-31 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the interaction between ions and metallic targets as well as energy loss processes during ion implantation and irradiation. Ion bombardments of targets cause changes in surface layer chemical composition, radiation defect formation, sputtering, blistering, swelling and ion mixing. These effects modify surface topography, crystalline structure, electrical and tribological properties of metals and alloys. The book presents research on the effects of the implantation and irradiation on the friction and wear of modified materials, as well as practical applications of ion implantation and irradiation. It offers a review of current problems related to the modification of materials via irradiation. In addition, computer programs for modeling the depth of ions and vacancies in a sample are presented, and potential causes of disagreement between modeling and experimental results are described. Finally, the book provides evidence of the long-range effect. Effect of Ion Irradiation on the Properties of Metals and Alloys is aimed at academics investigating the properties of metals and alloys after irradiation and/or implantation as well as for students of engineering and physical and chemical sciences. The book is also useful for those looking for up-to-date information on these methods and ways of solving related problems, and for designers of equipment used in places exposed to high ion irradiation or to cosmic space.
Book Synopsis Elemental Analysis by Particle Accelerators by : Zeev Alfassi
Download or read book Elemental Analysis by Particle Accelerators written by Zeev Alfassi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elemental Analysis by Particle Accelerators describes the theory, methodology, and applications for a wide variety of sensitive, non-destructive methods of analysis capable of both high selectivity and multielemental determinations. Specific methods discussed include radioactive methods, particle backscatter analysis, recoil techniques, and nuclear reaction analysis. The use of multielemental PIXE and PIGME analyses of "real world" thick samples in environmental studies, trace element applications in biology, and provenance studies in archaeology are also covered. The book is a useful reference for practicing specialists and an essential text for students.
Book Synopsis Particle Penetration and Radiation Effects by : Peter Sigmund
Download or read book Particle Penetration and Radiation Effects written by Peter Sigmund and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-26 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on the author’s forty-plus years of experience as a researcher in the interaction of charged particles with matter, this book emphasizes the theoretical description of fundamental phenomena. Special attention is given to classic topics such as Rutherford scattering; the theory of particle stopping; the statistical description of energy loss and multiple scattering and numerous more recent developments.
Book Synopsis Electromagnetic Processes at High Energies in Oriented Single Crystals by : Vladimir Nikolaevich Ba?er
Download or read book Electromagnetic Processes at High Energies in Oriented Single Crystals written by Vladimir Nikolaevich Ba?er and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is devoted to processes at the interaction of high energy charged particles and photons with crystals. Among them are the creation of electron-positron pair by photon in crystalline field, the radiation of particles in this field and, connected with these effects, the new type of electromagnetic showers in crystals, the channeling of fast particles in crystal and channeling radiation. At high energies, the processes of quantum electrodynamics (QED) in intense external fields play an important role in crystals. The first third of the book contains a new formulation of QED in external fields which is valid for any external field, including an essentially nonuniform one and has vast applications.
Book Synopsis Diffraction Radiation from Relativistic Particles by : Alexander Potylitsyn
Download or read book Diffraction Radiation from Relativistic Particles written by Alexander Potylitsyn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-11 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with diffraction radiation, which implies the boundary problems of electromagnetic radiation theory. Diffraction radiation is generated when a charged particle moves near a target edge at a distance ( – Lorentz factor, – wave length). Diffraction radiation of non-relativistic particles is widely used to design intense emitters in the cm wavelength range. Diffraction radiation from relativistic charged particles is important for noninvasive beam diagnostics and design of free electron lasers based on Smith-Purcell radiation which is diffraction radiation from periodic structures. Different analytical models of diffraction radiation and results of recent experimental studies are presented in this book. The book may also serve as guide to classical electrodynamics applications in beam physics and electrodynamics. It can be of great use for young researchers to develop skills and for experienced scientists to obtain new results.
Book Synopsis Atomic Physics of Highly Ionized Atoms by : Richard Marrus
Download or read book Atomic Physics of Highly Ionized Atoms written by Richard Marrus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last decade has seen dramatic progress in the development of devices for producing mu1ticharged ions. Indeed it is now pos sible to produce any charge state of any ion right up through 92 fully-stripped uranium (U +). Equally dramatic progress has been achieved in the energy range of the available ions. As an example, fully-stripped neon ions have been produced in useable quantities with kinetic energies ranging from a few ev to more than 20 Gev. Interest in the atomic physics of multicharged ions has grown apace. In the fusion program, the spectra of these ions is an im portant diagnostic tool. Moreover the presence of mu1ticharged ions presents a serious energy loss mechanism in fusion devices. This fact has motivated a program to study the collision mech anisms involved. In another area, mu1ticharged ions are present in the solar corona and the interstellar medium and knowledge of their collision properties and spectra is essential to understand ing the astrophysics. Other possible applications are to x-ray lasers and heavy ion inertial fusion. On a more fundamental level, new possibilities for testing quantum electrodynamics with mu1ti charged ions have emerged.
Download or read book Laser Ablation and Desorption written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1997-12-10 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume introduces the subject of laser ablation and desorption to scientists and engineers. It covers fundamental experimental and theoretical tools, models, and techniques, and introduces the most important applications. Clearly written and organized in a straightforward manner, Laser Ablation and Desorption lead the reader straight through the fundamentals of laser-surface interactions. Each chapter is self-contained and includes references to other chapters as necessary, so that readers may begin with the topic of greatest interest and follow the references to other aspects of the subject contained within the book.Key Features* Provides up-to-date information about one of the most active fields in physics today* Written and edited by major figures in the field of laser ablation and desorption* Represents the most comprehensive treatment of the state-of-the-art available
Book Synopsis Materials Analysis by Ion Channeling by : Leonard C. Feldman
Download or read book Materials Analysis by Ion Channeling written by Leonard C. Feldman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our intention has been to write a book that would be useful to people with a variety of levels of interest in this subject. Clearly it should be useful to both graduate students and workers in the field. We have attempted to bring together many of the concepts used in channeling beam analysis with an indication of the origin of the ideas within fundamental channeling theory. The level of the book is appropriate to senior under-graduates and graduate students who have had a modern physics course work in related areas of materials science and wish to learn more about the "channeling" probe, its strengths, weaknesses, and areas of further potential application. To them we hope we have explained this apparent paradox of using mega-electron volt ions to probe solid state phenomena that have characteristic energies of electron volts.
Book Synopsis Channeling and Radiation in Periodically Bent Crystals by : Andrey V. Korol
Download or read book Channeling and Radiation in Periodically Bent Crystals written by Andrey V. Korol and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-13 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of coherent radiation sources for sub-angstrom wavelengths - i.e. in the hard X-ray and gamma-ray range - is a challenging goal of modern physics. The availability of such sources will have many applications in basic science, technology and medicine and in particular, they may have a revolutionary impact on nuclear and solid state physics, as well as on the life sciences. The present state-of-the-art lasers are capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation from the infrared to the ultraviolet, while free electron lasers (X-FELs) are now entering the soft X-ray region. Moving further, i.e. into the hard X and/or gamma ray band, however, is not possible without new approaches and technologies. In this book we introduce and discuss one such novel approach -the radiation formed in a Crystalline Undulator - whereby electromagnetic radiation is generated by a bunch of ultra-relativistic particles channeling through a periodically bent crystalline structure. Under certain conditions, such a device can emit intensive spontaneous monochromatic radiation and even reach the coherence of laser light sources. Readers will be presented with the underlying fundamental physics and be familiarized with the theoretical, experimental and technological advances made during the last one and a half decades in exploring the various features of investigations into crystalline undulators. This research draws upon knowledge from many research fields - such as materials science, beam physics, the physics of radiation, solid state physics and acoustics, to name but a few. Accordingly, much care has been taken by the authors to make the book as self-contained as possible in this respect, so as to also provide a useful introduction to this emerging field to a broad readership of researchers and scientist with various backgrounds. This new edition has been revised and extended to take recent developments in the field into account.
Book Synopsis Electron-Photon Interaction in Dense Media by : Helmut Wiedemann
Download or read book Electron-Photon Interaction in Dense Media written by Helmut Wiedemann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive survey of recent theoretical and experimental progress in the area of electron-photon interaction and dense media. A state-of-the-art discussion of radiation production, with descriptions of new ideas and technologies that enhance the production of X-rays in the form of channelling, transition and parametric X-ray production. Progress in electron beam physics to produce sub-picosecond electron bunches from low-energy linear accelerators make it possible to produce coherent, high brightness, submillimeter radiation and sub-picosecond X-ray pulses. Micro-undulators in the form of bent crystalline structures hold great promise as future X-ray sources.
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1969-10 with total page 1058 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterization of Solid Surfaces by : Philip F. Kane
Download or read book Characterization of Solid Surfaces written by Philip F. Kane and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 675 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until comparatively recently, trace analysis techniques were in general directed toward the determination of impurities in bulk materials. Methods were developed for very high relative sensitivity, and the values determined were average values. Sampling procedures were devised which eliminated the so-called sampling error. However, in the last decade or so, a number of developments have shown that, for many purposes, the distribution of defects within a material can confer important new properties on the material. Perhaps the most striking example of this is given by semiconductors; a whole new industry has emerged in barely twenty years based entirely on the controlled distribu tion of defects within what a few years before would have been regarded as a pure, homogeneous crystal. Other examples exist in biochemistry, metallurgy, polyiners and, of course, catalysis. In addition to this of the importance of distribution, there has also been a recognition growing awareness that physical defects are as important as chemical defects. (We are, of course, using the word defect to imply some dis continuity in the material, and not in any derogatory sense. ) This broadening of the field of interest led the Materials Advisory Board( I} to recommend a new definition for the discipline, "Materials Character ization," to encompass this wider concept of the determination of the structure and composition of materials. In characterizing a material, perhaps the most important special area of interest is the surface.
