Influence de la température et de l'hygrométrie sur le comportement instantané du béton

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis Influence de la température et de l'hygrométrie sur le comportement instantané du béton by : Hatem Kallel

Download or read book Influence de la température et de l'hygrométrie sur le comportement instantané du béton written by Hatem Kallel and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les enceintes de confinement sont sollicitées lors d'un accident grave par la modification thermodynamique du milieu interne qui génère une pression pouvant monter jusqu'à 5 bars, une température évaluée au maximum à 180 °C et une humidité relative pouvant aller jusqu'à la saturation. Au-delà de calculs réglementaires, la complexité de la sollicitation nécessite une bonne connaissance du comportement mécanique et thermique des matériaux et en particulier du béton dans la gamme de température et d'hygrométrie imposée afin d'être capable de mener les simulations numériques les plus réalistes possibles.Notre étude présente les évolutions des caractéristiques mécaniques et thermiques essentielles pour les simulations numériques d'un béton dans la plage de pression, température et humidité imposées lors d'un accident grave. Les essais mécanique et thermique sont réalisés sous chargement thermo-hydrique contrôlées. La température (T) est fixée à cinq valeurs cibles : 30, 90, 110, 140 et 160 °C. Les cinq degrés de saturation en eau liquide du béton (Sw) varient entre 36 % et 100 %. Les différents degrés de saturation en eau liquide des éprouvettes sont obtenus par le contrôle de l'humidité relative de l'ambiance entourant l'éprouvette pendant leur cure. L'essai DCT (Disk-shape Compact Tension) a été choisi pour déterminer l'évolution de l'énergie de fissuration, du module d'élasticité et de la résistance en traction en fonction de la température et de Sw, en raison de son caractère très compact favorable pour la mise en oeuvre des essais sous pression (essai au-delà de 100 °C). Les propriétés thermiques sont évaluées par la méthode de la Source Plane Transitoire (TPS). C'est une technique permettant de déterminer la conductivité thermique, la diffusivité thermique et d'en déduire la chaleur spécifique. L'évolution de la perméabilité relative à l'azote du béton en fonction de la température jusqu'à 90 °C et du degré de saturation en eau du béton a été évaluée également. Après avoir déterminé les propriétés thermiques et mécaniques du béton, une modélisation numérique a été réalisée afin de passer de l'échelle de laboratoire à l'échelle de la structure. Un couplage entre un modèle hydrique et un modèle d'endommagement a été réalisé.

Influence de la température sur le comportement au jeune âge du béton

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Influence de la température sur le comportement au jeune âge du béton by : Éric Bédard

Download or read book Influence de la température sur le comportement au jeune âge du béton written by Éric Bédard and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les travaux présentés dans ce mémoire portent sur l'influence de la température sur le comportement au jeune âge du béton. Pour évaluer les propriétés du béton au jeune âge, le Centre de recherche sur les infrastructures en béton de l'Université Laval a développé un appareil (R2D2) permettant de mesurer les déformations du béton. Cet appareil était utilisé seulement en conditions isothermes. Pour imposer des variations de température au béton, il a fallu revoir la conception de l'appareil et la valider expérimentalement. Une application informatique a d'abord été développée pour permettre l'imposition de variations de température à l'appareil R2D2. Ensuite, une vérification du comportement de l'appareil lors des variations de température a été nécessaire. Une étude sur la distribution de la température dans le béton ainsi que de la fonctionnalité des appareils de mesures a ainsi été réalisée. Les appareils de mesure n'étant pas initialement adaptés pour subir des variations de température, il a fallu apporter quelques modifications matérielles à l'appareil. Finalement, une méthode de calcul pour évaluer l'évolution du coefficient de dilatation thermique (CDT) du béton au jeune âge a été proposée et les résultats de cette évolution ont été analysés pour six différents mélanges. Les modifications apportées à l'appareil ont permis de développer une méthode de calcul du CDT qui permet d'éliminer les erreurs parasites causées par les variations thermiques. En effet, en imposant des cycles de température au béton, l'appareil R2D2 subissait également des variations thermiques qui influençaient les résultats. Les modifications de l'appareil ainsi que la procédure utilisée pour calculer le CDT du béton ont permis d'éliminer ces erreurs. L'étude effectuée sur les mélanges de béton a permis de démontrer que le type de ciment n'a pas une influence majeure sur le CDT du béton au jeune âge. Par contre, le rapport eau-ciment a plus d'influence sur le CDT du béton au jeune âge. De façon générale, plus le rapport eau-ciment est élevé, plus le CDT du béton au jeune âge est élevé.

Influence de la porosité et du degré d'humidité interne sur le comportement triaxial du béton

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (921 download)

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Book Synopsis Influence de la porosité et du degré d'humidité interne sur le comportement triaxial du béton by : Ludovic Zingg

Download or read book Influence de la porosité et du degré d'humidité interne sur le comportement triaxial du béton written by Ludovic Zingg and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ce mémoire de thèse traite de l'influence de la porosité et de l'eau libre qu'elle est susceptible de contenir sur le comportement du béton sous sollicitations sévères. Ces travaux s'inscrivent dans le cadre d'étude plus général de la vulnérabilité des ouvrages massifs en béton armé. Dans ce contexte on s'intéresse particulièrement au comportement du matériau et des structures sous impact. Le laboratoire 3SR dispose d'une presse triaxiale de grande capacité, baptisée GIGA, permettant d'atteindre des niveaux de contrainte de l'ordre du GPa , appliqués de manière quasi-statique, sur des échantillons de béton. Des études expérimentales sur un béton de référence (R30A7) montrent l'influence majeure de l'eau sur le comportement du béton fortement confiné (VU, 2009). Ces mêmes travaux montrent par ailleurs que l'influence du rapport Eau/Ciment, importante en compression simple diminue avec l'augmentation du confinement. Le premier objectif de ces travaux de thèse est de mieux comprendre l'effet de la porosité sur le comportement du béton sous forts confinements. Dans cette optique deux bétons sont formulés. L'un avec une porosité diminuée par rapport au béton de référence R30A7 et l'autre avec un porosité plus importante. Les résultats des campagnes d'essais montrent qu'effectivement la porosité ne joue plus de rôle prépondérant à forts confinements (400 MPa) sur la résistance du béton. En revanche la déformabilité du béton reste dépendante de la porosité globale du matériau. Le deuxième objectifs de cette thèse est d'approfondir la connaissance des effets de l'eau sur le comportement du béton. Pour cela, des essais sur les deux bétons saturés précédemment formulés sont réalisés. Les résultats montrent les mêmes effets de l'eau que ceux observés sur le R30A7 mais influencés également par la porosité du matériau. Des essais sur béton humides sont également réalisés afin de compléter cette étude. Enfin, cette thèse propose le développement d'essais triaxiaux avec mesure de la pression interstitielle et le développement d'un capteur de déformation radiale adapté aux essais sous forts confinements.

Influence des paramètres de formulation sur le comportement à haute température des bétons

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (494 download)

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Book Synopsis Influence des paramètres de formulation sur le comportement à haute température des bétons by : Mulumba Kanema Tshimanga

Download or read book Influence des paramètres de formulation sur le comportement à haute température des bétons written by Mulumba Kanema Tshimanga and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L’utilisation du béton dans le domaine du bâtiment et du génie civil s’accroît. Le risque d’exposition du béton aux températures élevées notamment lors d’incendie s’accroît aussi. Cette exposition entraîne une déstructuration du matériau qui peut aller jusqu’à l’éclatement. Au cours de cette étude, nous avons examiné l’influence de températures élevées sur la matrice cimentaire de différents bétons allant de bétons ordinaires aux bétons à hautes performances. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent une forte corrélation entre l’évolution de la perte de la masse et des gradients thermiques dans le béton. Ils soulignent notamment l’existence de deux domaines de comportement situés avant après 300°C. Cette étude montre aussi qu’à l’aide d’un modèle thermo-hydrique, on peut contribuer à expliquer l’instabilité thermique observée sur certaines éprouvettes.

Geographical Information Systems in Urban Archaeology and Urban Planning

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Publisher : British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited
ISBN 13 : 9781407314778
Total Pages : 77 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (147 download)

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Book Synopsis Geographical Information Systems in Urban Archaeology and Urban Planning by : Helene Simoni

Download or read book Geographical Information Systems in Urban Archaeology and Urban Planning written by Helene Simoni and published by British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited. This book was released on 2016 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thebook focuses on the implications of discovering archaeological layers duringconstruction works in modern cities for both urban archaeology and urbanplanning. The research methodology uses qualitative and quantitative data.Patras, Greece was selected as the case study. Archivalresearch and existing unused data have contributed to the compilation of adatabase. G.I.S. and statistics are used to process it digitally, and todemonstrate the statistical relationship between data from urban planning andurban archaeology. This enables the prediction of the existence of antiquitiesand their depth by recording and processing data from five years ofexcavations, without considering the city's history. The procedure highlights the importance of a city's archaeology forits functioning and proposes the introduction of a new building regulation.This study can be used in the monitoring of construction and the investigationof the role of cultural heritage in the planning of the contemporary city.

Adhesion between polymers and concrete / Adhésion entre polymères et béton

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781489934543
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (345 download)

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Book Synopsis Adhesion between polymers and concrete / Adhésion entre polymères et béton by : H. R. Sasse

Download or read book Adhesion between polymers and concrete / Adhésion entre polymères et béton written by H. R. Sasse and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preface Adhesion is a phenomenon architects and civil engineers are not very familiar with. In other disciplines knowledge about surface properties and the background of bonding energies is also far from satisfactory; nevertheless there are many important· applications in concrete engineering, where adhesion is necessary for success and durability. These include: - coating and painting - repair of concrete surfaces - bonding of fresh to old concrete - crack injection - glueing of precast elements - glueing of steel to concrete, etc. In 1981 RILEM established the technical committee 52-RAC 'Resin Adherence to Concrete'. The main aims of the committee's work were - to collect research results and practical experiences - to initiate and coordinate research programs - to develop, on a scientific base, test methods for field and for laboratory purposes. One of the results of the committee's work is a state-of-the-art report, which will be presented orally as a General Report at the International Symposium ISAP '86, and will be printed either in the RILEM journal Materials and Structures or separately. Several test recommendations have been elaborated and will be prepared as drafts for the participants ofISAP '86. These are: - direct tensile test - pull-off test - direct shear test - slant shear test - four-point bending test - dynamic loading test - thermal compatibility test (two versions) - injectibility test.

Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 604 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering by :

Download or read book Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Bulletin RILEM.

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Bulletin RILEM. by :

Download or read book Bulletin RILEM. written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 1108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Dictionary of Building and Civil Engineering

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Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 9780419199106
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (991 download)

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Book Synopsis Dictionary of Building and Civil Engineering by : Don Montague

Download or read book Dictionary of Building and Civil Engineering written by Don Montague and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1996 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dual-language dictionary lists over 20,000 specialist terms in both French and English, covering architecture, building, engineering and property terms. It meets the needs of all building professionals working on projects overseas. It has been comprehensively researched and compiled to provide an invaluable reference source in an increasingly European marketplace.

Faecal Sludge Management

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Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1780404735
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Faecal Sludge Management by : Linda Strande

Download or read book Faecal Sludge Management written by Linda Strande and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is estimated that literally billions of residents in urban and peri-urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America are served by onsite sanitation systems (e.g. various types of latrines and septic tanks). Until recently, the management of faecal sludge from these onsite systems has been grossly neglected, partially as a result of them being considered temporary solutions until sewer-based systems could be implemented. However, the perception of onsite or decentralized sanitation technologies for urban areas is gradually changing, and is increasingly being considered as long-term, sustainable options in urban areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack sewer infrastructures. This is the first book dedicated to faecal sludge management. It compiles the current state of knowledge of the rapidly evolving field of faecal sludge management, and presents an integrated approach that includes technology, management, and planning based on Sandecs 20 years of experience in the field. Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation addresses the organization of the entire faecal sludge management service chain, from the collection and transport of sludge, and the current state of knowledge of treatment options, to the final end use or disposal of treated sludge. The book also presents important factors to consider when evaluating and upscaling new treatment technology options. The book is designed for undergraduate and graduate students, and engineers and practitioners in the field who have some basic knowledge of environmental and/or wastewater engineering.

Bananas and Food Security

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Publisher : Bioversity International
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 806 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Bananas and Food Security by : Claudine Picq

Download or read book Bananas and Food Security written by Claudine Picq and published by Bioversity International. This book was released on 1999 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Importance de la banane sur les plans economique et alimentaire; Diversite et dynamique des filieres; Organisation des marches et commercialisation; Systemes de productions/production systems.

Bio-aggregates Based Building Materials

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9402410317
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Bio-aggregates Based Building Materials by : Sofiane Amziane

Download or read book Bio-aggregates Based Building Materials written by Sofiane Amziane and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-04 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work of the RILEM Technical Committee (TC -236 BBM) was dedicated to the study of construction materials made from plant particles. It considered the question whether building materials containing as main raw material recyclable and easily available plant particles are renewable. This book includes a state-of-the-art report and an appendix. The state-of-the-art report relates to the description of vegetal aggregates. Then, hygrothermal properties, fire resistance, durability and finally the impact of the variability of the method of production of bio-based concrete are assessed. The appendix is a TC report which presents the experience of a working group. The goal was to define testing methods for the measurement of water absorption, bulk density, particle size distribution, and thermal conductivity of bio aggregates. The work is based on a first round robin test of the TC-BBM where the protocols in use by the different laboratories (labs) are compared. p>

In-Vessel Melt Retention and Ex-Vessel Corium Cooling: IAEA Tecdoc No. 1906

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Publisher : International Atomic Energy Agency
ISBN 13 : 9789201063205
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (632 download)

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Book Synopsis In-Vessel Melt Retention and Ex-Vessel Corium Cooling: IAEA Tecdoc No. 1906 by : International Atomic Energy Agency

Download or read book In-Vessel Melt Retention and Ex-Vessel Corium Cooling: IAEA Tecdoc No. 1906 written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by International Atomic Energy Agency. This book was released on 2020-08-06 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication results from a technical meeting on phenomenology and technologies relevant to in-vessel melt retention (IVMR) and ex-vessel corium cooling (EVCC). The purpose of the publication is to capture the state of knowledge, at the time of that meeting, related to phenomenology and technologies as well as the challenges and pending issues relevant to IVMR and EVCC for water cooled reactors by summarizing the information provided by the meeting participants in a form useful to practitioners in Member States.

The Teacher's Role in Implementing Cooperative Learning in the Classroom

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387708928
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (877 download)

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Book Synopsis The Teacher's Role in Implementing Cooperative Learning in the Classroom by : Robyn M. Gillies

Download or read book The Teacher's Role in Implementing Cooperative Learning in the Classroom written by Robyn M. Gillies and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-26 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cooperative learning is widely endorsed as a pedagogical practice that promotes student learning. Recently, the research focus has moved to the role of teachers’ discourse during cooperative learning and its effects on the quality of group discussions and the learning achieved. However, although the benefits of cooperative learning are well documented, implementing this pedagogical practice in classrooms is a challenge that many teachers have difficulties accomplishing. Difficulties may occur because teachers often do not have a clear understanding of the basic tenets of cooperative learning and the research and theoretical perspectives that have informed this practice and how they translate into practical applications that can be used in their classrooms. In effect, what do teachers need to do to affect the benefits widely documented in research? A reluctance to embrace cooperative learning may also be due to the challenge it poses to teachers’ control of the learning process, the demands it places on classroom organisational changes, and the personal commitments teachers need to make to sustain their efforts. Moreover, a lack of understanding of the key role teachers need to play in embedding cooperative learning into the curricula to foster open communication and engagement among teachers and students, promote cooperative investigation and problem-solving, and provide students with emotionally and intellectually stimulating learning environments may be another contributing factor. The Teacher's Role in Implementing Cooperative Learning in the Classroom provides readers with a comprehensive overview of these issues with clear guidelines on how teachers can embed cooperative learning into their classroom curricula to obtain the benefits widely attributed to this pedagogical practice. It does so by using language that is appropriate for both novice and experienced educators. The volume provides: an overview of the major research and theoretical perspectives that underpin the development of cooperative learning pedagogy; outlines how specific small group experiences can promote thinking and learning; discusses the key role teachers play in promoting student discourse; and, demonstrates how interaction style among students and teachers is crucial in facilitating discussion and learning. The collection of chapters includes many practical illustrations, drawn from the contributors’ own research of how teachers can use cooperative learning pedagogy to facilitate thinking and learning among students across different educational settings.

Microporomechanics

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470031999
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Microporomechanics by : Luc Dormieux

Download or read book Microporomechanics written by Luc Dormieux and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-08-14 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended as a first introduction to the micromechanics of porous media, this book entitled “Microporomechanics” deals with the mechanics and physics of multiphase porous materials at nano and micro scales. It is composed of a logical and didactic build up from fundamental concepts to state-of-the-art theories. It features four parts: following a brief introduction to the mathematical rules for upscaling operations, the first part deals with the homogenization of transport properties of porous media within the context of asymptotic expansion techniques. The second part deals with linear microporomechanics, and introduces linear mean-field theories based on the concept of a representative elementary volume for the homogenization of poroelastic properties of porous materials. The third part is devoted to Eshelby’s problem of ellipsoidal inclusions, on which much of the micromechanics techniques are based, and illustrates its application to linear diffusion and microporoelasticity. Finally, the fourth part extends the analysis to microporo-in-elasticity, that is the nonlinear homogenization of a large range of frequently encountered porous material behaviors, namely, strength homogenization, nonsaturated microporomechanics, microporoplasticity and microporofracture and microporodamage theory.

Boiling Water Reactor Plant

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Boiling Water Reactor Plant by : United Engineers & Constructors, inc

Download or read book Boiling Water Reactor Plant written by United Engineers & Constructors, inc and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cement Based Materials

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Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789841534
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (898 download)

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Book Synopsis Cement Based Materials by : Hosam El-Din M. Saleh

Download or read book Cement Based Materials written by Hosam El-Din M. Saleh and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-10-10 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cement-based materials have been used by humans nearly since the dawn of civilization. The Egyptians used lime and gypsum cement to bind their aggregate materials, mud and straw, resulting in bricks that are used for building their famous Egyptian pyramids (between 3000 and 2500 BC). Hydrated cement is a cement material bonded together with water and used for building construction; it is characterized by acceptable chemical, physical, thermal, mechanical, and structural stability. It plays a main role in the creation of vessels for storage, roads to travel on, weather-resistant structure for protection, inert hard stabilizer for hazardous wastes, and so on. Due to the composition of these materials and their advantages, it has been practiced in different applications. Cement is an essential component of making concrete, the single most prevalent building material used worldwide for construction, skyscrapers, highways, tunnels, bridges, hydraulic dams, and railway ties. Besides their numerous desired properties, there are some undesirable features. To overcome these disadvantages, several studies were established to prepare, improve, and evaluate innovative cement-based materials. Despite its oldness and deep research, every year several methods and materials evolve and so do cement technology. This book intends to provide a comprehensive overview on recent advances in the evaluation of these materials.