Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Inflation In Tajikistan
Download Inflation In Tajikistan full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Inflation In Tajikistan ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Inflation in Tajikistan by : Svetlana Vtyurina
Download or read book Inflation in Tajikistan written by Svetlana Vtyurina and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper attempts to explain short- and long-term dynamics of-and forecast-inflation in Tajikistan using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and Autoregressive Moving Average Model (ARMA). By analyzing different transmission channels through the VECM, we were able to evaluate their relative dominance, magnitude, and speed of transition to the equilibrium price level, with the view of identifying those policy tools that will enhance the effectiveness of monetary policy. We found that excess supply of broad money is inflationary in both the short and long term. The dynamic analysis also demonstrates that the exchange rate and international inflation have a strong impact on local prices. Available monetary instruments, such as the refinancing rate, have proven to be ineffective. Therefore, the Tajik monetary authority could greatly benefit from enhancing its monetary instruments toolkit, including by developing the interest rate channel, to improve its monetary policy execution and to achieve stable inflationary conditions.
Author :International Monetary Fund Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451836937 Total Pages :151 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (518 download)
Book Synopsis Tajikistan by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Tajikistan written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1996-07-08 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews economic developments in the Republic of Tajikistan during 1992–95. Aggregate production, dominated by the cotton and aluminum sectors, continued its decline in 1994, falling by an estimated 21 percent to less than half its 1991 level. GDP declined a further 18 percent in the first quarter of 1995 over the same period a year earlier. With production sharply lower across all sectors of the economy, recorded unemployment reached almost 8 percent of the labor force at end-1994, although less than 2 percent were officially registered as unemployed.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 : Total Pages :101 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (2 download)
Book Synopsis Republic of Tajikistan by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Download or read book Republic of Tajikistan written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-03-28 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strong growth continued in 2022 with minimal disruption from the war in Ukraine, while strong financial inflows supported domestic demand and liquidity. Although negative spillovers from the war have not materialized, it remains unclear to what extent Tajikistan will continue to be relatively unaffected by weaker economic activity in Russia.
Book Synopsis Republic of Tajikistan by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Republic of Tajikistan written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-02-07 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic activity in Tajikistan continues to recover from the global crisis, but a range of vulnerabilities remain. Real GDP grew at an estimated 7.5 percent through the first nine months of 2011. The political environment appears broadly stable, but there are underlying tensions. The worst of the food and fuel price shocks has been weathered without civil unrest, partly owing to measures to ensure supplies, higher remittances, and a general understanding by the population that remedies are limited given resource constraints.
Book Synopsis Republic of Tajikistan by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Republic of Tajikistan written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2006-02-17 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses Ex Post Assessment of Longer-Term Program Engagement for the Republic of Tajikistan. The assessment reveals that Tajikistan’s macroeconomic performance during 1998–2005 has been robust, albeit with occasional lapses. Economic growth during this period has far exceeded program projections, but inflation performance has been at times volatile, and often overshot program targets. Macroeconomic stabilization was mainly driven by a strong fiscal consolidation. In contrast, monetary policy has occasionally undermined inflation performance. Initial progress in implementing structural reforms was uneven.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. Publisher :INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND ISBN 13 :9781513595931 Total Pages :81 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (959 download)
Book Synopsis Republic of Tajikistan: 2019 Article IV Consultation-Press Release and Staff Report by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Download or read book Republic of Tajikistan: 2019 Article IV Consultation-Press Release and Staff Report written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. This book was released on 2021-09-03 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reported economic activity has been strong in 2018-19 and inflation has picked up. The monetary framework is being strengthened. The external position has deteriorated. The fiscal deficit has widened as revenues have declined. Reforms to place the loss-making energy sector on a sound financial footing are underway. The authorities’ development strategy relies on large infrastructure projects— Roghun dam and other large SOE-implemented projects — that need sizable external financing. The financial sector is recovering from the 2015-16 crisis, with a decline in nonperforming loans and improved profitability. The authorities are making efforts to strengthen bank supervision and regulation. However, two formerly-systemic banks remain insolvent and further reforms are needed to restore public confidence in banks.
Author :International Monetary Fund Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :9781557758255 Total Pages :92 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (582 download)
Book Synopsis Economic Reforms in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Economic Reforms in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1999-08-31 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This occasional paper provides an overview of the economic reform experiences of the Central Asian states of the former Soviet Union since their independence at the turn of the decade. The choice of countries reflects not only a geographical grouping, but also similarities in the types of transition challenges faced by these countries notwithstanding considerable variations in their sizes, ethnic composition, resource endowments, and economic structures. The paper attempts to identify a number of key macroeconomic and structural areas where the slower reformers in the group might benefit from the experience of the faster reformes.
Book Synopsis Inflation in Emerging and Developing Economies by : Jongrim Ha
Download or read book Inflation in Emerging and Developing Economies written by Jongrim Ha and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-02-24 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive study in the context of EMDEs that covers, in one consistent framework, the evolution and global and domestic drivers of inflation, the role of expectations, exchange rate pass-through and policy implications. In addition, the report analyzes inflation and monetary policy related challenges in LICs. The report documents three major findings: In First, EMDE disinflation over the past four decades was to a significant degree a result of favorable external developments, pointing to the risk of rising EMDE inflation if global inflation were to increase. In particular, the decline in EMDE inflation has been supported by broad-based global disinflation amid rapid international trade and financial integration and the disruption caused by the global financial crisis. While domestic factors continue to be the main drivers of short-term movements in EMDE inflation, the role of global factors has risen by one-half between the 1970s and the 2000s. On average, global shocks, especially oil price swings and global demand shocks have accounted for more than one-quarter of domestic inflation variatio--and more in countries with stronger global linkages and greater reliance on commodity imports. In LICs, global food and energy price shocks accounted for another 12 percent of core inflation variatio--half more than in advanced economies and one-fifth more than in non-LIC EMDEs. Second, inflation expectations continue to be less well-anchored in EMDEs than in advanced economies, although a move to inflation targeting and better fiscal frameworks has helped strengthen monetary policy credibility. Lower monetary policy credibility and exchange rate flexibility have also been associated with higher pass-through of exchange rate shocks into domestic inflation in the event of global shocks, which have accounted for half of EMDE exchange rate variation. Third, in part because of poorly anchored inflation expectations, the transmission of global commodity price shocks to domestic LIC inflation (combined with unintended consequences of other government policies) can have material implications for poverty: the global food price spikes in 2010-11 tipped roughly 8 million people into poverty.
Book Synopsis Tajikistan Economic and Development Strategy Handbook Volume 1 Strategic Information and Programs by : IBP USA
Download or read book Tajikistan Economic and Development Strategy Handbook Volume 1 Strategic Information and Programs written by IBP USA and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2009-03-30 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2011 Updated Reprint. Updated Annually. Tajikistan Economic & Development Strategy Handbook
Author :International Monetary Fund Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451836945 Total Pages :122 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (518 download)
Book Synopsis Tajikistan by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Tajikistan written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-02-11 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews economic developments in the Republic of Tajikistan during 1994–97. In 1996, the authorities embarked on their first comprehensive effort at economic reform, supported by financial assistance from the World Bank and the IMF. Although implementation was uneven, the authorities were successful in achieving a degree of macroeconomic stability during the first three quarters of 1996; progress was also made on structural reforms. However, confronted with substantial unanticipated expenditures, the budget deficit increased substantially in late 1996 and the first half of 1997.
Book Synopsis Republic of Tajikistan by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Republic of Tajikistan written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2005-10-13 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses Tajikistan’s Fifth Review Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) and Request for Waiver of Performance Criterion. The macroeconomic outcome in the first quarter of 2005 was satisfactory, but the deteriorating external environment will make it harder to achieve some of the program’s original targets. Expenditure delays and strong nontax revenues resulted in a significant fiscal surplus in the first quarter of 2005. The fiscal outlook for the remainder of 2005 looks less favorable owing to lower-than-projected commodity prices.
Book Synopsis Tajikistan by : Asian Development Bank
Download or read book Tajikistan written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2016-08-01 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on robust economic growth since the end of a civil war in 1997, Tajikistan has transformed itself into a service economy driven by consumer spending fueled by strong remittance inflow. Yet the transfer of resources to high value-added sectors has been restrained, and structural change has generated few new jobs. Without sufficient employment opportunities in the services and industrial sectors, agriculture became the fallback for most of the labor force. To continue its economic growth, Tajikistan requires new drivers from a diversified industry sector and a modernized economy through structural transformation and export diversification.
Book Synopsis Central Bank Autonomy, and Inflation and Output Performance in the Baltic States, Russia, and Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union, 1995-1997 by : Mr.Tonny Lybek
Download or read book Central Bank Autonomy, and Inflation and Output Performance in the Baltic States, Russia, and Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union, 1995-1997 written by Mr.Tonny Lybek and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A higher degree of de jure autonomy and accountability of the central banks of the Baltic states, Russia, and other countries of the former Soviet Union appears to be positively correlated with lower average inflation. There also seems to be some positive correlation between greater central bank autonomy and higher average real growth, after the initial period of reforms. Central banks with a higher degree of autonomy and accountability have apparently also reformed their operations more aggressively.
Book Synopsis Global Food Price Inflation and Policy Responses in Central Asia by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Global Food Price Inflation and Policy Responses in Central Asia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-03-01 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the implications of elevated global food prices for inflation in select Central Asian economies - Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. The findings suggest that global food inflation has significant short-run effects that build over time. Inflation outcomes simulated under alternative global wheat price assumptions underscore these vulnerabilities, and suggest that sustained administrative measures are unlikely to prove effective. In line with structural economic features, the interest rate channel of monetary policy is found to be limited, arguing for a broad policy strategy to control more expansive inflationary pressures. Looking ahead, measures to enhance supply responses, deepen domestic financial markets, develop adequate social safety nets, and increase central bank independence are warranted.
Book Synopsis Tajikistan's Winter Energy Crisis by : Daryl Fields
Download or read book Tajikistan's Winter Energy Crisis written by Daryl Fields and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-07-22 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of Tajikistan’s Winter Energy Crisis is to assist the Government of Tajikistan (GoT) in exploring ways to overcome electricity shortages due to rising demand for electricity. It focuses on investments and policy reforms in order to strengthen the financial, technical, and institutional capacities in the power sector and to prepare the Government for undertaking a major expansion of power supply capacity until the year 2020. The Study explores a range of supply and demand alternatives (e.g., thermal, run-of-river hydro, other renewables, energy efficiency and demand management) excluding the option of large hydropower plants especially those requiring storage capacities, given the complexity and delays in their establishment. The option of a large hydropower project in Tajikistan, such as Rogun, is being explored by the various studies conducted by the Government and has involved a long process of information sharing on the findings of the studies for consensus building among stakeholders including Tajikistan, riparian Governments and their various Civil Society Organizations. Such a process requires the assurance of international quality standards, and incorporation of the concerns of all stakeholders. Without prompt actions, as recommended by the Study to address the causes of Tajikistan’s electricity crisis in the next 4-5 years, the shortages could increase to about 4,500 GWh by 2016 - translating to over a third of winter electricity demand. Following the recommendations of the current Study, the GoT will be on the road to establishing a long term energy security in Tajikistan.
Book Synopsis Political Handbook of the World 2022-2023 by : Tom Lansford
Download or read book Political Handbook of the World 2022-2023 written by Tom Lansford and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2023-04-25 with total page 2257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Political Handbook of the World 2022-2023 provides timely, thorough, and accurate political information, with more in-depth coverage of current political controversies than any other reference guide. The updated 2022-2023 edition continues to be the most authoritative source for finding complete facts and analysis on each country′s governmental and political makeup. Tom Lansford has compiled in one place more than 200 entries on countries and territories throughout the world, this volume is renowned for its extensive coverage of all major and minor political parties and groups in each political system. It also provides names of key ambassadors and international memberships of each country, plus detailed profiles of more than 30 intergovernmental organizations and UN agencies. And this update will aim to include coverage of current events, issues, crises, and controversies from the course of the last two years.
Book Synopsis Monetary Regimes and Inflation by : Bernholz, P.
Download or read book Monetary Regimes and Inflation written by Bernholz, P. and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2003-01-29 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the characteristics of inflations, comparing historical cases from Roman times up to the modern day. High and moderate inflations caused by the inflationary bias of political systems and economic relationships - and the importance of different monetary regimes in containing them - are analysed.
