Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Iiec Neutron Sources

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Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) Fusion

Author : George H. Miley
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461493382
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) Fusion by : George H. Miley

Download or read book Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) Fusion written by George H. Miley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-12 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides readers with an introductory understanding of Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC), a type of fusion meant to retain plasma using an electrostatic field. IEC provides a unique approach for plasma confinement, as it offers a number of spin-off applications, such as a small neutron source for Neutron Activity Analysis (NAA), that all work towards creating fusion power. The IEC has been identified in recent times as an ideal fusion power unit because of its ability to burn aneutronic fuels like p-B11 as a result of its non-Maxwellian plasma dominated by beam-like ions. This type of fusion also takes place in a simple mechanical structure small in size, which also contributes to its viability as a source of power. This book posits that the ability to study the physics of IEC in very small volume plasmas makes it possible to rapidly investigate a design to create a power-producing device on a much larger scale. Along with this hypothesis the book also includes a conceptual experiment proposed for demonstrating breakeven conditions for using p-B11 in a hydrogen plasma simulation. This book also: Offers an in-depth look, from introductory basics to experimental simulation, of Inertial Electrostatic Confinement, an emerging method for generating fusion power Discusses how the Inertial Electrostatic Confinement method can be applied to other applications besides fusion through theoretical experiments in the text Details the study of the physics of Inertial Electrostatic Confinement in small-volume plasmas and suggests that their rapid reproduction could lead to the creation of a large-scale power-producing device Perfect for researchers and students working with nuclear fusion, Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) Fusion: Fundamentals and Applications also offers the current experimental status of IEC research, details supporting theories in the field and introduces other potential applications that stem from IEC.

Inertial Electrostatic Confinement I(IEC) Neutron Sources

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)

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Book Synopsis Inertial Electrostatic Confinement I(IEC) Neutron Sources by :

Download or read book Inertial Electrostatic Confinement I(IEC) Neutron Sources written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) is one of the earliest plasma confinement concepts, having first been suggested by P.T. Farnsworth in the 1950s. The concept involves a simple apparatus of concentric spherical electrostatic grids or a combination of grids and magnetic fields. An electrostatic structure is formed from the confluence of electron or ion beams. Gridded IEC systems have demonstrated neutron yields as high as 2*10 [10]. neutrons/sec in steady state. These systems have considerable potential as small, inexpensive, portable neutron sources for assaying applications. Neutron tomography is also a potential application. This paper discusses the IEC concept and how it can be adapted to a steady-state assaying source and an intense pulsed neutron source. Theoretical modeling and experimental results are presented.

Performance Impact of Ion Sources in Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Devices

Author : Alexandru D. Calburean
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (123 download)

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Book Synopsis Performance Impact of Ion Sources in Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Devices by : Alexandru D. Calburean

Download or read book Performance Impact of Ion Sources in Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Devices written by Alexandru D. Calburean and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to improve the performance of Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) based fusion devices, so as to improve their effectiveness as low cost, portable neutron sources, a novel use of ion sources is proposed as a means of increasing fusion reaction rate at similar power levels. This paper aims to determine the success and practicality of the proposed use type for ion sources and characterize the IEC device in question, in terms of performance, and neutron emission. The application outlined aims to improve upon the performance of IEC devices with an anode layer ion source. The above-mentioned approach was evaluated by first conditioning the IEC fusion device in question. Then a neutron flux baseline was recorded as a metric for performance, and to evaluate the assumption of neutron emission isotropy in the device. Then an ion source was installed in the chamber, and the system was once again conditioned in the same manner. A similar baseline reading and analysis was done to ensure a correct comparison could be made between performance with the ion source turned on and off. Next the system was run with the ion source at full power to allow for further characterization of the performance and stability of the device. Finally, a last run was carried out with the ion source properly tuned, and results were compared to both baseline runs. It has been shown that there is a potential performance gain from operation with an ion source, both in terms of system stability and improved neutron emission. Across all run campaigns, the assumption of isotropic emission was shown to be a poor representation of the actual emission. With a higher degree of certainty, it has been shown that operation with an ion source serves to reliably exaggerate the anisotropy found in baseline campaigns.

Development of a Novel Neutron Source with Applications in Calibration and Monitoring. Final Report

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 3 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of a Novel Neutron Source with Applications in Calibration and Monitoring. Final Report by :

Download or read book Development of a Novel Neutron Source with Applications in Calibration and Monitoring. Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research project, development of a unique portable inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) neutron source (106 2.5-MeV neutrons/second-level) has been achieved. A majority of the experimental work required for the project was reported in the 1993 Annual Report. (The abstract and table of contents for that report arc included here as Appendix A for convenience. Full copies can be obtained upon request to the PI.) Unfortunately, the DOE program providing support for the project was canceled and funding was not available to continue the project in 199495. However, to provide time to explore some innovative potential applications for upgraded versions of the IEC, a no-cost extension of the contract was requested and granted in 1994. This follow-on work, mostly involving conceptual design studies, is reported here.

The Los Alamos Intense Neutron Source

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis The Los Alamos Intense Neutron Source by :

Download or read book The Los Alamos Intense Neutron Source written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Intense Neutron Source (INS) is an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) fusion device presently under construction at Los Alamos National Laboratory. It is designed to produce 1011 neutrons per second steady-state using D-T fuel. Phase 1 operation of this device will be as a standard three grid IEC ion focus device. Expected performance has been predicted by scaling from a previous IEC device. Phase 2 operation of this device will utilize a new operating scheme, the Periodically Oscillating Plasma Sphere (POPS). This scheme is related to both the Spherical Reflect Diode and the Oscillating Penning Trap. With this type of operation the authors hope to improve plasma neutron production to about 1013 neutrons/second.

Increasing the High Voltage Capabilities and Exploring Parameter Space of an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Neutron Source for the Detection of Chemical Explosives

Download Increasing the High Voltage Capabilities and Exploring Parameter Space of an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Neutron Source for the Detection of Chemical Explosives PDF Online Free

Author : Matthew K. Michalak
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Increasing the High Voltage Capabilities and Exploring Parameter Space of an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Neutron Source for the Detection of Chemical Explosives by : Matthew K. Michalak

Download or read book Increasing the High Voltage Capabilities and Exploring Parameter Space of an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Neutron Source for the Detection of Chemical Explosives written by Matthew K. Michalak and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of the work presented here include understanding key operating principles and providing precise data sets that can be used to test inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) fusion theory and optimize IEC device operation. The underlying physical behavior was separated from superficial trends observed in an IEC device at the University of Wisconsin--Madison (UW). The effects of changing voltage (30-170 kV) and current (30-100 mA) were thoroughly explored, pressure effects (0.15-1.25 mTorr) were mapped, and the effect of impurities in the system was quantified. The most challenging part of this work was designing a high voltage feedthrough that could reliably operate at higher voltages for far longer times than previously attained. A system to detect conventional explosives using fusion neutrons was also designed, constructed, and tested. Precise data sets were created by taking into account and minimizing the effects of short and long term trends in the experiment. Detailed meter current scans were taken that showed a linear relationship of the neutron production rate with current. Cathode voltage scans were slightly greater than linear in the neutron rate from 30 to 170 kV, but the rate increase diminished to near linear as 170 kV was approached. A new high voltage feedthrough was designed that surpassed the performance of past UW IEC lab feedthroughs and shows promise for long duration operation at still higher voltages. Limitations of other equipment in the IEC lab prevented testing the feedthrough to voltages above 175 kV. A more robust construction of the feedthrough and reducing the consequences of a feedthrough failure were also important design criteria that were met. A detector array was made to detect explosives via the 10.8 MeV neutron capture prompt gamma from nitrogen. Signals from four separate detectors were combined to make the individual detectors act similar to one large detector. The detector signals were both summed and combined to compare the performance of the two methods. An overwhelming background radiation signal and insufficient time resolution were two factors that led to the combined signal not performing as well as the summed signal.

A Dipole Assisted IEC Neutron Source

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis A Dipole Assisted IEC Neutron Source by :

Download or read book A Dipole Assisted IEC Neutron Source written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A potential opportunity to enhance Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) fusion exists by augmenting it with a magnetic dipole configuration. The theory is that the dipole fields will enhance the plasma density in the center region of the IEC and the combined IEC and dipole confinement properties will reduce plasma losses. To demonstrate that a hybrid Dipole-IEC configuration can provide an improved neutron source vs. a stand alone IEC, a first model Dipole-IEC experiment was benchmarked against a reference IEC. A triple Langmuir probe was used to find the electron temperature and density. It was found that the magnetic field increases the electron density by a factor of 16, the electron temperature decreases in the presence of a magnetic field, the discharge voltage decreases in the presence of a magnetic field, the potential of the dipole strongly influences the densities obtained in the center. The experimental set-up and plasma diagnostics are discussed in detail, as well as the results, and the developmental issues.

Atomic Processes in Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) Devices

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)

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Book Synopsis Atomic Processes in Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) Devices by :

Download or read book Atomic Processes in Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) Devices written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) is one of the earliest plasma confinement concepts, having first been suggested by P.T. Farnsworth in the 1950s. The concept involves a simple apparatus of concentric spherical electrostatic grids or a combination of grids and magnetic fields. An electrostatic structure is formed from the confluence of electron or ion beams. Gridded IEC systems have demonstrated neutron yields as high as 2*101° neutrons/sec. These systems have considerable potential as small, inexpensive, portable neutron sources for assaying applications. Neutron tomography is also a potential application. Atomic physics effects strongly influence the performance of all of these systems. Important atomic effects include elastic scattering, ionization, excitation, and charge exchange. This paper discusses how an IEC system is influenced by these effects and how to design around them. Theoretical modeling and experimental results are presented.

Development of an IEC Neutron Source for NDE.

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of an IEC Neutron Source for NDE. by :

Download or read book Development of an IEC Neutron Source for NDE. written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper concerns the development of a neutron so based on the inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) of a low density fusion plasma in a gridded, spherically-focusing device. With the motivation of using such sources for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) applications, the focus of the development is on : Small size devices, sealed operation with D2 or D2/T2 mixtures, Power-utilization and neutron-output optimization, and integration into an assay system. In this paper, we describe an experimental system that has been established for the development and testing of IEC neutron sources, and we present preliminary results of tests conducted for 25-cm and 15-cm diameter IEC devices.

Testing a Scale Pulsed Modulator for an IEC Neutron Source Into a Resistive Load

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (893 download)

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Book Synopsis Testing a Scale Pulsed Modulator for an IEC Neutron Source Into a Resistive Load by :

Download or read book Testing a Scale Pulsed Modulator for an IEC Neutron Source Into a Resistive Load written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 1/10th scaled prototype pulse modulator for an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) neutron source has been designed and tested at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The scaled prototype modulator is based on a solid-state Marx architecture and has an output voltage of 13 kV and an output current of 10 A. The modulator has a variable pulse width between 50 [mu]s and 1 ms with

Detection of Highly Enriched Uranium and Tungsten Surface Damage Studies Using a Pulsed Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Device

Download Detection of Highly Enriched Uranium and Tungsten Surface Damage Studies Using a Pulsed Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Device PDF Online Free

Author : Ross F. Radel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Detection of Highly Enriched Uranium and Tungsten Surface Damage Studies Using a Pulsed Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Device by : Ross F. Radel

Download or read book Detection of Highly Enriched Uranium and Tungsten Surface Damage Studies Using a Pulsed Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Device written by Ross F. Radel and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Computational Modeling of the Axial-cylindrical Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Neutron Generator

Author : Blair Patrick Bromley
Publisher : Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1266 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (488 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Modeling of the Axial-cylindrical Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Neutron Generator by : Blair Patrick Bromley

Download or read book Computational Modeling of the Axial-cylindrical Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Neutron Generator written by Blair Patrick Bromley and published by Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International. This book was released on 2001 with total page 1266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Current Trends in International Fusion Research

Author : E. Panarella
Publisher : NRC Research Press
ISBN 13 : 9780660175225
Total Pages : 514 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (752 download)

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Book Synopsis Current Trends in International Fusion Research by : E. Panarella

Download or read book Current Trends in International Fusion Research written by E. Panarella and published by NRC Research Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of a symposium held to identify, review, and assess the benefits, uncertainties, & potentialities of the conventional, alternative, & exploratory approaches to fusion energy production, and to assess industrial spin-offs & other applications. Topics of the compiled papers include: a new course for fusion research, magnetic confinement, inertial confinement, other confinement, plasma physics, numerical simulation, nuclear processes, fusion burn control, plasma diagnostics, and plasma stability. Includes subject index.

The Detection of Explosives Using an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement D-D Fusion Device

Author : Alex L. Wehmeyer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis The Detection of Explosives Using an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement D-D Fusion Device by : Alex L. Wehmeyer

Download or read book The Detection of Explosives Using an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement D-D Fusion Device written by Alex L. Wehmeyer and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nuclear Physics And Gamma-ray Sources For Nuclear Security And Nonproliferation - Proceedings Of The International Symposium

Author : Takehito Hayakawa
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814635464
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (146 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Physics And Gamma-ray Sources For Nuclear Security And Nonproliferation - Proceedings Of The International Symposium by : Takehito Hayakawa

Download or read book Nuclear Physics And Gamma-ray Sources For Nuclear Security And Nonproliferation - Proceedings Of The International Symposium written by Takehito Hayakawa and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014-10-24 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear nonproliferation is a critical global issue. A key technological challenge to ensuring nuclear nonproliferation and security is the detection of long-lived radioisotopes and fissionable nuclides in a non-destructive manner. This technological challenge requires new methods for detecting relevant nuclides and the development of new quantum-beam sources. For example, one new method that has been proposed and studied is nuclear resonance fluorescence with energy-tunable, monochromatic gamma-rays generated by Compton scattering of laser photons with electrons.The development of new methods requires the help of researchers from a wide range of fields, such as nuclear physics, accelerator physics, laser physics, etc. Furthermore, any new method must be compatible with the requirements of administrators and nuclear-material inspectors.

Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology

Author : Alex Chao
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814383996
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (143 download)

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Book Synopsis Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology by : Alex Chao

Download or read book Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology written by Alex Chao and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012-02-20 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since their debut in the late 1920s, particle accelerators have evolved into a backbone for the development of science and technology in modern society. Of about 30,000 accelerators at work in the world today, a majority is for applications in industry (about 20,000 systems worldwide). There are two major categories of industrial applications: materials processing and treatment, and materials analysis. Materials processing and treatment includes ion implantation (semi-conductor materials, metals, ceramics, etc.) and electron beam irradiation (sterilization of medical devices, food pasteurization, treatment of carcasses and tires, cross-linking of polymers, cutting and welding, curing of composites, etc.). Materials analysis covers ion beam analysis (IBA), non-destructive detection using photons and neutrons, as well as accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). All the products that are processed, treated and inspected using beams from particle accelerators are estimated to have a collective value of US$500 billion per annum worldwide. Accelerators are also applied for environment protection, such as purifying drinking water, treating waste water, disinfecting sewage sludge and removing pollutants from flue gases. Industrial accelerators continue to evolve, in terms of new applications, qualities and capabilities, and reduction of their costs. Breakthroughs are encountered whenever a new product is made, or an existing product becomes more cost effective. Their impact on our society continues to grow with the potential to address key issues in economics or the society of today. This volume contains fourteen articles, all authored by renowned scientists in their respective fields.

Reviews Of Accelerator Science And Technology - Volume 4: Accelerator Applications In Industry And The Environment

Author : Alexander Wu Chao
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814452793
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

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Book Synopsis Reviews Of Accelerator Science And Technology - Volume 4: Accelerator Applications In Industry And The Environment by : Alexander Wu Chao

Download or read book Reviews Of Accelerator Science And Technology - Volume 4: Accelerator Applications In Industry And The Environment written by Alexander Wu Chao and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012-02-20 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since their debut in the late 1920s, particle accelerators have evolved into a backbone for the development of science and technology in modern society. Of about 30,000 accelerators at work in the world today, a majority is for applications in industry (about 20,000 systems worldwide).There are two major categories of industrial applications: materials processing and treatment, and materials analysis. Materials processing and treatment includes ion implantation (semi-conductor materials, metals, ceramics, etc.) and electron beam irradiation (sterilization of medical devices, food pasteurization, treatment of carcasses and tires, cross-linking of polymers, cutting and welding, curing of composites, etc.). Materials analysis covers ion beam analysis (IBA), non-destructive detection using photons and neutrons, as well as accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). All the products that are processed, treated and inspected using beams from particle accelerators are estimated to have a collective value of US$500 billion per annum worldwide. Accelerators are also applied for environment protection, such as purifying drinking water, treating waste water, disinfecting sewage sludge and removing pollutants from flue gases.Industrial accelerators continue to evolve, in terms of new applications, qualities and capabilities, and reduction of their costs. Breakthroughs are encountered whenever a new product is made, or an existing product becomes more cost effective. Their impact on our society continues to grow with the potential to address key issues in economics or the society of today.This volume contains fourteen articles, all authored by renowned scientists in their respective fields.