Indices of Body Composition as Predictors of Immune and Inflammatory Responses and Implications for Health

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Indices of Body Composition as Predictors of Immune and Inflammatory Responses and Implications for Health by : Laura Kirsty Forsythe

Download or read book Indices of Body Composition as Predictors of Immune and Inflammatory Responses and Implications for Health written by Laura Kirsty Forsythe and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The accurate measurement of body composition in humans is pivotal to understanding the links between excess adiposity and metabolic abnormalities. The potential mechanisms linking obesity to ill-health have been the focus of obesity research including the more recent investigations between obesity and both vitamin D status and inflammation. The aim of this thesis was to investigate a number of indices of body composition as predictors of immune and inflammatory responses, and their implications for health across different subgroups of the population. The effect of adiposity on vitamin D status was examined in healthy adults in a 22-wk randomised- controlled intervention. Vitamin D status was inversely associated with adiposity at baseline, however, only BMI was inversely associated with the change in vitamin D status following supplementation (151lg vitamin D3/d). These findings were only demonstrated in older adults ~64yrs), but not in younger adults (20 -40yrs). The associations between indices of body composition and metabolic parameters [lipid profile, insulin resistance (Ik) and inflammation] were investigated in two groups of healthy, young adults: men and women (20-40yrs) and men (18-30yrs). Body composition was a strong predictor of lipid profiles and glucose metabolism in these groups, however in terms of inflammation, it was only predictive of CRP and adiponectin. Although the strongest relationships were observed with fat mass index [FMI (kg/m2)], BMI proved in most cases to be almost as strong a predictor of metabolic risk factors in healthy individuals, and therefore remains a useful and appropriate surrogate measure of adiposity. The measurement of FM using more robust techniques should not be discounted, but, it is imperative that this is expressed relative to height, as FML as relying on the more commonly used indices of FM (kg/%) may attenuate results.

Angiogenesis in Adipose Tissue

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461480698
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Angiogenesis in Adipose Tissue by : Yihai Cao

Download or read book Angiogenesis in Adipose Tissue written by Yihai Cao and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-05 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Angiogenesis has recently played a critical role in regulation of adipose tissue expansion and regression. Like most other tissues in the body, adipose expansion and regression is accompanied by alteration of blood vessel density and structures. The vascular alteration plays an active role in regulation of adipose tissue size and functions. Targeting blood vessels in the adipose tissue have demonstrated to be a novel approach for possibly treatment of cancer, obesity and other metabolic diseases. This book provides the most updated information on this type research and discusses future opportunities for therapy..

ABC of Obesity

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1444312707
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)

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Book Synopsis ABC of Obesity by : Naveed Sattar

Download or read book ABC of Obesity written by Naveed Sattar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-08 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Obesity is a hugely expensive and increasing problem worldwide,leading to disability, reproductive problems, depression andaccelerated metabolic and vascular diseases in a large proportionof men, women and children. The ABC of Obesity is a newguide which will aid its effective management, addressing issuessuch as dieting, exercise, self esteem, drug treatment and surgery.Recent evidence is used to highlight frequent problems, successfultreatment options, and the most common causes. Written by leading experts, this is a widely accessible text andan indispensable guide for all general practitioners, juniordoctors, nurses, and other healthcare professionals who areinvolved in the treatment and research of this commoncondition.

Inflammation-Associated Depression: Evidence, Mechanisms and Implications

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319511521
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Inflammation-Associated Depression: Evidence, Mechanisms and Implications by : Robert Dantzer

Download or read book Inflammation-Associated Depression: Evidence, Mechanisms and Implications written by Robert Dantzer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-28 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inflammation has invaded the field of psychiatry. The finding that cytokines are elevated in various affective and psychotic disorders brings to the forefront the necessity of identifying the precise research domain criteria (RDoCs) that inflammation is responsible for. This task is certainly the most advanced in major depressive disorders. The reason is that a dearth of clinical and preclinical studies has demonstrated that inflammation can cause symptoms of depression and conversely, cytokine antagonists can attenuate symptoms of depression in medical and psychiatric patients with chronic low grade inflammation. Important knowledge has been gained on the symptom dimensions that inflammation is driving and the mechanisms of action of cytokines in the brain, providing new targets for drug research and development. The aim of the book “Inflammation-Associated Depression” is to present this field of research and its implications in a didactic and comprehensive manner to basic and clinical scientists, psychiatrists, physicians, and students at the graduate level.

Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309173183
Total Pages : 722 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-05-13 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every aspect of immune function and host defense is dependent upon a proper supply and balance of nutrients. Severe malnutrition can cause significant alteration in immune response, but even subclinical deficits may be associated with an impaired immune response, and an increased risk of infection. Infectious diseases have accounted for more off-duty days during major wars than combat wounds or nonbattle injuries. Combined stressors may reduce the normal ability of soldiers to resist pathogens, increase their susceptibility to biological warfare agents, and reduce the effectiveness of vaccines intended to protect them. There is also a concern with the inappropriate use of dietary supplements. This book, one of a series, examines the impact of various types of stressors and the role of specific dietary nutrients in maintaining immune function of military personnel in the field. It reviews the impact of compromised nutrition status on immune function; the interaction of health, exercise, and stress (both physical and psychological) in immune function; and the role of nutritional supplements and newer biotechnology methods reported to enhance immune function. The first part of the book contains the committee's workshop summary and evaluation of ongoing research by Army scientists on immune status in special forces troops, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The rest of the book contains papers contributed by workshop speakers, grouped under such broad topics as an introduction to what is known about immune function, the assessment of immune function, the effect of nutrition, and the relation between the many and varied stresses encountered by military personnel and their effect on health.

Educating the Student Body

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309283140
Total Pages : 503 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Educating the Student Body by : Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment

Download or read book Educating the Student Body written by Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-11-13 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.

Monitoring Metabolic Status

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309091594
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Monitoring Metabolic Status by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Monitoring Metabolic Status written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-08-29 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. military's concerns about the individual combat service member's ability to avoid performance degradation, in conjunction with the need to maintain both mental and physical capabilities in highly stressful situations, have led to and interest in developing methods by which commanders can monitor the status of the combat service members in the field. This report examines appropriate biological markers, monitoring technologies currently available and in need of development, and appropriate algorithms to interpret the data obtained in order to provide information for command decisions relative to the physiological "readiness" of each combat service member. More specifically, this report also provides responses to questions posed by the military relative to monitoring the metabolic regulation during prolonged, exhaustive efforts, where nutrition/hydration and repair mechanisms may be mismatched to intakes and rest, or where specific metabolic derangements are present.

Nutrition and Immune Function

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Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 9780851998763
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Nutrition and Immune Function by : Philip C. Calder

Download or read book Nutrition and Immune Function written by Philip C. Calder and published by CABI. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides a review of the roles of specific nutrients in maintaining the immune response and host protection against infection. It also considers the influence of various factors, such as exercise and ageing, on the interaction between nutrition and immune function.

Index Medicus

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2164 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Index Medicus by :

Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 2164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.

Intravenous Lipid Emulsions

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Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 3318027537
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Intravenous Lipid Emulsions by : P.C. Calder

Download or read book Intravenous Lipid Emulsions written by P.C. Calder and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2014-11-26 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lipids have been in clinical use as components of intravenous nutrition for over 50 years. Over the last 15 years, new and improved lipids that include olive oil and/or fish oil have replaced the more traditional ones. These new lipids offer the opportunity to deliver high amounts of fatty acids and possess different functional properties: in particular, they can influence inflammatory processes, immune responses and hepatic metabolism. This book brings together articles written by leading international authorities in the area of intravenous lipids. Contributions discuss the latest findings in the field, ranging from pre-clinical research to the most recent clinical trials. Lipid functionality and utility in pediatric, adult surgical and critically ill patients are covered, as is the use of lipids in long-term home parenteral nutrition. Addressing a broad spectrum of topics, this publication provides a wealth of information for basic scientists, clinical researchers and clinical practitioners alike.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1597451088
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (974 download)

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Book Synopsis Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by : Andrea Dunaif

Download or read book Polycystic Ovary Syndrome written by Andrea Dunaif and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-12 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume includes the latest diagnostic criteria for PCOS and comprises the most up-to-date information about the genetic features and pathogenesis of PCOS. It critically reviews the methodological approaches and the evidence for various PCOS susceptibility genes. The book also discusses additional familial phenotypes of PCOS and their potential genetic basis. All four editors of this title are extremely prominent in the field of PCOS.

Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1060 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research by :

Download or read book Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1060 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Neuroinflammation, Metabolism, and Psychiatric Disorders

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 283250664X
Total Pages : 143 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuroinflammation, Metabolism, and Psychiatric Disorders by : Zachary Freyberg

Download or read book Neuroinflammation, Metabolism, and Psychiatric Disorders written by Zachary Freyberg and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-21 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Advances in Geroscience

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319232460
Total Pages : 637 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Geroscience by : Felipe Sierra

Download or read book Advances in Geroscience written by Felipe Sierra and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-10 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first comprehensive overview of a new scientific discipline termed Geroscience. Geroscience examines the molecular and cellular mechanisms that might explain why aging is the main risk factor for most chronic diseases affecting the elderly population. Over the past few decades, researchers have made impressive progress in understanding the genetics, biology and physiology of aging. This book presents vital research that can help readers to better understand how aging is a critical malleable risk factor in most chronic diseases, which, in turn, could lead to interventions that can help increase a healthy lifespan, or ‘healthspan.’ The book begins with an analysis of the Geroscience hypothesis, as well as the epidemiological underpinnings that define aging as a candidate main risk factor for most chronic diseases. Next, each chapter focuses on one particular disease, or group of diseases, with an emphasis on how basic molecular and cellular biology might explain why aging is a major risk factor for it. Coverage in the book includes: cancer, cardiovascular disease, dementias, stroke, Parkinson's and Alzheimer’s diseases, osteoporosis, arthritis, diabetes asthma, emphysema, kidney disease, vision impairment, and AIDS/HIV. It finishes with a chapter on pain in the elderly and an overview of future steps needed to bring the newly acquired knowledge into the clinic and the public at large.

Textbook of Post-ICU Medicine

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Publisher : Academic
ISBN 13 : 0199653461
Total Pages : 649 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Textbook of Post-ICU Medicine by : Robert D. Stevens

Download or read book Textbook of Post-ICU Medicine written by Robert D. Stevens and published by Academic. This book was released on 2014 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surviving critical illness is not always the happy ending that we imagine for patients. Intensive care unit (ICU) teams have traditionally focused on short term goals such as stabilizing or reversing organ system dysfunction, with little understanding of what became of patients once they left the ICU. However, research conducted in recent years has demonstrated that many ICU survivors can suffer from ill health and mental health issues for months or years to follow. The Textbook of Post-ICU Medicine: The Legacy of Critical Care identifies the long term outcomes of ICU and the steps that can be taken to improve patients' health and wellbeing. Describing the major clinical syndromes affecting ICU survivors, the book delineates established or postulated biological mechanisms of the post-acute recovery process, and discusses strategies for treatment and rehabilitation to promote recovery in the ICU and in the long term. The book serves as a unique reference for general practitioners, internists and nurses caring for long term ICU survivors as well as specialists in intensive care medicine, neurology, psychiatry, and rehabilitation medicine.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer

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Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323549500
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (235 download)

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Book Synopsis Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer by : Fumito Ito

Download or read book Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer written by Fumito Ito and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Get a quick, expert overview of the latest clinical information and guidelines for cancer checkpoint inhibitors and their implications for specific types of cancers. This practical title by Drs. Fumito Ito and Marc Ernstoff synthesizes the most up-to-date research and clinical guidance available on immune checkpoint inhibitors and presents this information in a compact, easy-to-digest resource. It's an ideal concise reference for trainee and practicing medical oncologists, as well as those in research. - Discusses the current understanding of how to best harness the immune system against different types of cancer at various stages. - Helps you translate current research and literature into practical information for daily practice. - Presents information logically organized by disease site. - Covers tumor immunology and biology; toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors; and future outlooks. - Consolidates today's available information on this timely topic into one convenient resource.

Human Health and Performance Risks of Space Exploration Missions

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Publisher : U. S. National Aeronautics & Space Administration
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Human Health and Performance Risks of Space Exploration Missions by : Jancy C. McPhee

Download or read book Human Health and Performance Risks of Space Exploration Missions written by Jancy C. McPhee and published by U. S. National Aeronautics & Space Administration. This book was released on 2009 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: