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Incorporating Satellite Imagery Into Analyses Of Avian Distribution Patterns Across Forested Landscapes
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Book Synopsis Incorporating Satellite Imagery Into Analyses of Avian Distribution Patterns Across Forested Landscapes by : Edward J. Laurent
Download or read book Incorporating Satellite Imagery Into Analyses of Avian Distribution Patterns Across Forested Landscapes written by Edward J. Laurent and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spatial Patterns of Avian Species Diversity in Forest Landscapes of the Western Great Lakes Region, USA by : Nicholas G. Walton
Download or read book Spatial Patterns of Avian Species Diversity in Forest Landscapes of the Western Great Lakes Region, USA written by Nicholas G. Walton and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Predictive species distribution models based on long-term, regional bird monitoring data can be used to assess the local distributions of forest breeding birds in the western Laurentian Great Lakes region of the United States. I modeled species distributions, species richness, and total abundance for 65 forest/forest edge nesting bird species that are abundant enough to permit statistical analysis. Predictor variables were derived from publicly available GIS land cover databases. Zero-inflated Poisson or negative binomial linear models were used to account for the excess number of zeros in the species distribution models, whereas Poisson general linear models were adequate for species richness and abundance models. Model selection was based on likelihood ratio tests for a backwards elimination process. My predictions provide predictive maps with an unprecedented fine grain, although the underlying approach parallels methods from other projects. While the predicted distributions were unique to each species, three general patterns can be recognized: 1) Twenty species showed higher abundances in the northern portion of the study area, especially Superior National Forest and adjacent parts of northern Minnesota. 2) Sixteen–eighteen species were more abundant in the southern part of the region; these species tended to avoid northeastern Minnesota but often had relatively high abundances along Lake Superior’s south shore. Some of these species were characteristic of forest edge habitats. 3) Most of the remaining 26 species showed some degree of geographic localization, but their predicted abundances exhibited no distinct north-south pattern. National forests were important for many of the species modeled. At least 10 species had distinctly high predicted abundances in one or more national forest. Northern hardwoods and mixed boreal forest were the most frequently selected positive covariates (41 and 40 out of 65 models, respectively). Pasture/hay was the most frequent negative predictor (19 models). Superior National Forest generally had the highest species richness. Overall abundances of individuals were more diffuse and generally greater in southern areas, including parts of central Minnesota and the north-central Upper Peninsula of Michigan. My analysis indicates that forest bird populations in the study area are generally patchy with locally abundant concentrations interspersed among uninhabited or sparsely inhabited areas. These results suggest that conservation efforts need to account for geographic context in addition to habitat. For example precipitation and temperature were significant predictors for 32 and 25 of 65 models respectively. Future work should include estimates of detection probability and tests of spatial predictions presented here.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Strategies for Bird Conservation by :
Download or read book Strategies for Bird Conservation written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents a compilation of papers presented at the 3rd International Partners in Flight Workshop held October 1-5, 1995, at the Grand Hotel in Cape May, NJ. The title of the workshop was 'Partners in Flight Conservation Plan: Building Consensus for Action.' Manuscripts have been available on-line at the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology web site (http://birds.cornell.edu/pifcapemay) since the year 1999, and the majority of them have been updated recently to reflect knowledge available by the 2000 publication date. The volume is divided into seven sections that range from general planning considerations to a case study in bird conservation planning. References from all papers are compiled in a single 'References' section at the end of the volume.
Book Synopsis Using Satellite Imagery and Landscape Variables to Predict Bird Communities in Montane Meadows of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem by : Erika Hasler Saveraid
Download or read book Using Satellite Imagery and Landscape Variables to Predict Bird Communities in Montane Meadows of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem written by Erika Hasler Saveraid and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our results indicate that similarity is not high between bird communities in the two study areas, and it is difficult to use composition and abundance data from one study area to classify the meadow types in the other area. A multiple regression analysis was used to test the predictability of bird communities in the two study areas based upon remotely sensed habitat classifications and landscape and habitat variables. The analyses of the meadow type variable and other landscape and habitat variables produced mixed results.
Book Synopsis Landscape Ecology And Geographical Information Systems by : R Haines-Young
Download or read book Landscape Ecology And Geographical Information Systems written by R Haines-Young and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The landscape we see and live in is an important part or our everyday lives, be they urban or rural. Environmental concern has grown in recent years, as a result of public awareness of the detrimental impact industry, transport and tourism can have on the ecosystem. This book examines the role of the new technologies of geographical information systems and remote sensing as media for the study of landscape, as they provide tools of unprecedented power which collect, store, manipulate and analyze data so as to support and assist the decisions which the environmental scientist, ecologist, zoologist and botanist make.; "Landscape Ecology and Geographical Information Systems" is international in scope, provides an overview of operational applications, and offers experiences in the form of case studies of applications to vegetation, animals, and hydrology. The book is organized into four sections. It - provides an overview of the uses of GIS and RSS in landscape ecology; debates conceptual issues such applications throw up; considers analytical techniques and technical issues; and offers experiences in the form of Case Studies On Plant, Abiotic And Animal Landscape Ecology.
Book Synopsis Effects of Spatial Scale and Heterogeneity on Avian Occupancy Dynamics and Population Trends in Forested Mountain Landscapes by : Sarah Jean Kiuama Frey
Download or read book Effects of Spatial Scale and Heterogeneity on Avian Occupancy Dynamics and Population Trends in Forested Mountain Landscapes written by Sarah Jean Kiuama Frey and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Population trends and patterns in species distributions are the major currencies used to examine responses by biodiversity to changing environments. Effective conservation recommendations require that models of both distribution dynamics and population trends accurately reflect reality. However, identification of the appropriate temporal and spatial scales of animal response, and then obtaining data at these scales present two major challenges to developing predictive models. In heterogeneous forested mountain landscapes I examined: A) the relative drivers of climatic variability at fine spatial scales under the forest canopy ('microclimate'), B) the influence of microclimate on local-scale occupancy dynamics of bird communities, and C) the effects of spatial scale and imperfect bird detection on long-term avian population trends. Climate change has been predicted to cause widespread biodiversity declines. However, the capacity of climate envelope models for predicting the future of biodiversity has been questioned due to the mismatch between the scale of available data (i.e., global climate models) and the scales at which organisms experience their environment. Local-scale variation in microclimate is hypothesized to provide potential 'microrefugia' for biodiversity, but the relative role of elevation, microtopography, and vegetation structure in driving microclimate is not well known. If the microrefugia hypothesis is true, I expected to see areas on the landscape that remained relatively cooler (i.e., buffered sites). To test this, I collected temperature data at 183 sites across elevation and forest structure gradients in complex terrain of the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest in the Cascade Mountains of Oregon, USA (Chapter 2). I used boosted regression trees, a novel machine learning approach, to determine the relative influence of vegetation structure, microtopography, and elevation as drivers of microclimate and mapped fine-scale distributions of temperature across the landscape. Models performed extremely well on independent data - cross-validation correlations between testing and training data were 0.69 - 0.98 for ten selected climate variables. Elevation was the dominant driver in fine-scale microclimate patterns, although vegetation and microtopography also showed substantial relative influences. For instance, during the spring-summer transition, maximum monthly temperatures observed in old-growth sites were 2.6°C (95% CI: 1.8 - 3.3°C) cooler than plantation sites and minimum temperatures during winter months were 0.6°C (95% CI: 0.4 - 0.8°C) warmer. This suggests that older forest stands mediate changes in temperature by buffering against warming during summer months and moderating cold temperatures during the winter. Climate is generally considered most influential on species distributions at large spatial scales; however much microclimate variability exists within regional patterns. I tested whether this high degree of microclimate variability has relevance for predicting species distributions and occupancy dynamics of the Andrews Forest bird community. I collected bird occurrence data in 2012 and 2013 at all 183 sites with fine-scale temperature measurements. I used dynamic occupancy models to test the effects of temperature on occupancy and apparent within-season bird movement while statistically accounting for vegetation effects and imperfect bird detection (Chapter 3). Most species (87%) exhibited within-season shifts in response to local-scale temperature metrics. Effects of temperature on within-season occupancy dynamics were as large or larger (1 to 1.7 times) than vegetation. However, individual species were almost as likely to shift toward warmer sites as toward cooler sites, suggesting that microclimate preferences are species-specific. My results emphasize that high-resolution temperature data provide valuable insight into avian distribution dynamics in montane forest environments and that microclimate is an important variable in breeding season habitat selection by forest birds. I hypothesize that microclimate-associated distribution shifts may reflect species' potential for behavioral buffering from climate change in complex terrain. Factors influencing population trends often differ depending on the spatial scale under consideration. Further, accurate estimation of trends requires accounting for biases caused by imperfect detection. To test the degree to which population trends are consistent across scales, I estimated landscape-scale bird population trends from 1999-2012 for 38 species at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF) in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, USA and compared them to regional and local trends (Chapter 4). I used a new method - open-population binomial mixture models - to test the hypothesis that imperfect detection in bird sampling has the potential to bias trend estimates. I also tested for generalities in species responses by predicting population trends as a function of life history and ecological traits. Landscape-scale trends were correlated with regional and local trends, but generally these correlations were weak (r = 0.12 - 0.4). Further, more species were declining at the regional scale compared to within the relatively undisturbed HBEF. Life history and ecological traits did not explain any of the variability in the HBEF trends. However, at the regional scale, species that occurred at higher elevations were more likely to be declining and species associated with older forests have increased. I hypothesize that these differences could be attributed to both elevated rates of land-use change in the broader region and the fact that the structure of regional data did not permit modeling of imperfect detection. Indeed, accounting for imperfect detection resulted in more accurate population trend estimates at the landscape scale; without accounting for detection we would have both missed trends and falsely identified trends where none existed. These results highlight two important cautions for trend analysis: 1) population trends estimated at fine spatial scales may not be extrapolated to broader scales and 2) accurate trends require accounting for imperfect detection.
Book Synopsis Habitat Selection in Birds by : Martin L. Cody
Download or read book Habitat Selection in Birds written by Martin L. Cody and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1987-07-09 with total page 579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book is divided into several parts. An introductory chapter serves to make the reader aware of the diversity of the subject of habitat selection in birds. Many if the various aspects of habitat selection introduced in the first chapter are developed in subsequent chapters, and thus it serves to some extent as an overview of the subject and as a "lead-in" to subsequent work.
Download or read book Proceedings RMRS. written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bird Conservation Implementation and Integration in the Americas by :
Download or read book Bird Conservation Implementation and Integration in the Americas written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The SAGE Handbook of Biogeography by : Andrew Millington
Download or read book The SAGE Handbook of Biogeography written by Andrew Millington and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A superb resource for understanding the diversity of the modern discipline of biogeography, and its history and future, especially within geography departments. I expect to refer to it often. - Professor Sally Horn, University of Tennessee "As you browse through this fine book you will be struck by the diverse topics that biogeographers investigate and the many research methods they use.... Biogeography is interdisciplinary, and a commonly-voiced concern is that one biogeographer may not readily understand another′s research findings. A handbook like this is important for synthesising, situating, explaining and evaluating a large literature, and pointing the reader to informative publications." - Geographical Research "A valuable contribution in both a research and teaching context. If you are biologically trained, it provides an extensive look into the geographical tradition of biogeography, covering some topics that may be less familiar to those with an evolution/ecology background. Alternatively, if you are a geography student, researcher, or lecturer, it will provide a useful reference and will be invaluable to the non-biogeographer who suddenly has the teaching of an introductory biogeography course thrust upon them." - Adam C. Algar, Frontiers of Biogeography The SAGE Handbook of Biogeography is a manual for scoping the past, present and future of biogeography that enable readers to consider, where relevant, how similar biogeographical issues are tackled by researchers in different ′schools′. In line with the concept of all SAGE Handbooks, this is a retrospective and prospective overview of biogeography that will: Consider the main areas of biogeography researched by geographers Detail a global perspective by incorporating the work of different schools of biogeographers Ecplore the divergent evolution of biogeography as a discipline and consider how this diversity can be harnessed Examine the interdisciplinary debates that biogeographers are contributing to within geography and the biological sciences. Aimed at an international audience of research students, academics, researchers and practitioners in biogeography, the text will attract interest from environmental scientists, ecologists, biologists and geographers alike.
Book Synopsis Environmental Information Management And Analysis by : W K Michener
Download or read book Environmental Information Management And Analysis written by W K Michener and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-08-08 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most environmental studies are based upon data collected at fine spatial scales plots, sediments, cores, etc.. Furthermore, temporal scales of these studies have been relatively short days, weeks, months and few studies have exceeded three years duration the typical funding cycle.; Despite this history, environmental scientists are now being called
Book Synopsis Vegetation Monitoring by : Caryl L. Elzinga
Download or read book Vegetation Monitoring written by Caryl L. Elzinga and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998-05 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This annotated bibliography documents literature addressing the design and implementation of vegetation monitoring. It provides resources managers, ecologists, and scientists access to the great volume of literature addressing many aspects of vegetation monitoring: planning and objective setting, choosing vegetation attributes to measure, sampling design, sampling methods, statistical and graphical analysis, and communication of results. Over half of the 1400 references have been annotated. Keywords pertaining to the type of monitoring or method are included with each bibliographic entry. Keyword index.
Book Synopsis Maintaining Biodiversity in Forest Ecosystems by : Malcolm L. Hunter
Download or read book Maintaining Biodiversity in Forest Ecosystems written by Malcolm L. Hunter and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-06-10 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the ways in which we can continue to benefit from forests, while conserving their biodiversity.
Book Synopsis Ecology and Conservation of Birds in Urban Environments by : Enrique Murgui
Download or read book Ecology and Conservation of Birds in Urban Environments written by Enrique Murgui and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-10 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides syntheses of ecological theories and overarching patterns of urban bird ecology that have only recently become available. The numerous habitats represented in this book ranges from rows of trees in wooded alleys, to wastelands and remnants of natural habitats encapsulated in the urban matrix. Authored by leading scientists in this emergent field, the chapters explore how the characteristics of the habitat in urban environments influence bird communities and populations at multiple levels of ecological organization and at different spatial and temporal scales, and how this information should be incorporated in urban planning to achieve an effective conservation of bird fauna in urban environments. Birds are among the most conspicuous and fascinating residents of urban neighborhoods and provide urban citizens with everyday wildlife contact all over the world. However, present urbanization trends are rapidly depleting their habitats, and thus knowledge of urban bird ecology is urgently needed if birds are to thrive in cities. The book is unique in its inclusion of examples from all continents (except Antarctica) in an effort to arrive at a more holistic perspective. Among other issues, the individual chapters address the censusing of birds in urban green spaces; the relationship between bird communities and the structure of urban green spaces; the role of exotic plant species as food sources for urban bird fauna; the influence of artificial light and pollutants on bird fauna; trends in long-term urban bird research, and transdisciplinary studies on bird sounds and their effects on humans. Several chapters investigate how our current knowledge of the ecology of urban bird fauna should be applied in order to achieve better management of urban habitats so as to achieve conservation of species or even increase species diversity. The book also provides a forward-looking summary on potential research directions. As such, it provides a valuable resource for urban ecologists, urban ecology students, landscape architects, city planners, decision makers and anyone with an interest in urban ornithology and bird conservation. Moreover, it provides a comprehensive overview for researchers in the fields of ecology and conservation of urban bird fauna.
Book Synopsis Monitoring Bird Populations by Point Counts by : C. John Ralph
Download or read book Monitoring Bird Populations by Point Counts written by C. John Ralph and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998-05 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Point counts of birds are the most widely used quantitative method and involve an observer recording birds from a single point for a standardized time period. In response to the need for standardization of methods to monitor bird populations by census, researchers met to present data from various investigations working under a wide variety of conditions, and to examine various aspects of point count methodology. Statistical aspects of sampling and analysis were discussed and applied to the objectives of point counts. The final chapter presents these standards and their applications to point count methodology.
Book Synopsis Beyond Composition by : Sonya Jensen Knetter
Download or read book Beyond Composition written by Sonya Jensen Knetter and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
