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In Vitro And In Vivo Analysis Of The Role Of Pex 19 P Farnesylation And Pex 14p Phosphorylation In Peroxisome Biogenesis
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Book Synopsis In Vitro and in Vivo Analysis of the Role of PEX 19 P Farnesylation and PEX 14P Phosphorylation in Peroxisome Biogenesis by : Ilse Vastiau
Download or read book In Vitro and in Vivo Analysis of the Role of PEX 19 P Farnesylation and PEX 14P Phosphorylation in Peroxisome Biogenesis written by Ilse Vastiau and published by Leuven University Press. This book was released on 2006-12 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Expression and Function of a Serotoninergic System in the Rat Anterior Pituitary by : Anna-Pia Papageorgiou
Download or read book Expression and Function of a Serotoninergic System in the Rat Anterior Pituitary written by Anna-Pia Papageorgiou and published by Leuven University Press. This book was released on 2006-12 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cardiac Contractility & Ca2+ Handling in Mouse Models of Type II Diabetes by : An Van Den Bergh
Download or read book Cardiac Contractility & Ca2+ Handling in Mouse Models of Type II Diabetes written by An Van Den Bergh and published by Leuven University Press. This book was released on 2006-12 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structural and Functional Analysis of Pex19 in Pichia Pastoris by : Helen Hao Shang
Download or read book Structural and Functional Analysis of Pex19 in Pichia Pastoris written by Helen Hao Shang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of peroxisome biogenesis seeks to understand the underlying processes involved in the initial formation, maturation, and proliferation of peroxisomes. The two peroxins, Pex3 and Pex19, have essential functions in peroxisome biogenesis; cells lacking Pex3 or Pex19 have no detectable mature peroxisomes. Several studies have highlighted the importance of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in the de novo synthesis of peroxisomes, contrary to previous growth and division models. More recently, the novel Pex protein, Pex25, has also been implicated as a requirement for the de novo pathway. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which these proteins promote the de novo process is currently unknown. In this study, we have characterized several Pex19 N-and C-terminal deletions to determine the structural domains of the peroxin required for proper peroxisome membrane protein (PMP) and peroxisome assembly. Deletions in the N-terminal Pex3 binding site weakened Pex19's interactions with Pex3 but preserved interactions with Pex12, a mPTS-containing PMP known to bind with the C-terminal end of Pex19. For these constructs only, Pex25 was essential for de novo peroxisome biogenesis. In contrast, deletions in the C-terminal mPTS-binding domain of Pex19 weakened the interaction between Pex19 and Pex12, while leaving Pex19-Pex3 interactions intact. Surprisingly, import competent peroxisomes were formed in both sets of deletions although a delay of 12-18 hours in peroxisome biogenesis was observed. This delay was decreased upon the overexpression of Pex25 for both N-and C-terminal deletion mutants. Co-immunoprecipitation studies revealed that Pex25 promotes peroxisome biogenesis through strengthening Pex19 and PMP interactions, which are required for the exit of pre-peroxisomal vesicular carriers. In conclusion, the physical segregation of Pex19's Pex3 and PMP binding domains has provided novel insights into the role of Pex19 in peroxisome biogenesis, via the interaction of a central domain in Pex19 with Pex25.
Book Synopsis Pex14p Phosphorylation Modulates Import of Citrate Synthase 2 Into Peroxisomes in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Andreas Schummer
Download or read book Pex14p Phosphorylation Modulates Import of Citrate Synthase 2 Into Peroxisomes in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Andreas Schummer and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The peroxisomal biogenesis factor Pex14p is an essential component of the peroxisomal matrix protein import machinery. Together with Pex13p and Pex17p, it is part of the membrane-associated peroxisomal docking complex in yeast, facilitating the binding of cargo-loaded receptor proteins for translocation of cargo proteins into the peroxisome. Furthermore, Pex14p is part of peroxisomal import pores. The central role of Pex14p in peroxisomal matrix protein import processes renders it an obvious target for regulatory mechanisms such as protein phosphorylation. To explore this possibility, we examined the state of Pex14p phosphorylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Phos-tag-SDS-PAGE of Pex14p affinity-purified from solubilized membranes revealed Pex14p as multi-phosphorylated protein. Using mass spectrometry, we identified 16 phosphorylation sites, with phosphorylation hot spots located in the N- and C-terminal regions of Pex14p. Analysis of phosphomimicking and non-phosphorylatable variants of Pex14p revealed a decreased import of GFP carrying a peroxisomal targeting signal type 1, indicating a functional relevance of Pex14p phosphorylation in peroxisomal matrix protein import. We show that this effect can be ascribed to the phosphomimicking mutation at serine 266 of Pex14p (Pex14p-S266D). We further screened the subcellular distribution of 23 native GFP-tagged peroxisomal matrix proteins by high-content fluorescence microscopy. Only Cit2p, the peroxisomal isoform of citrate synthase, was affected in the Pex14p-S266D mutant, showing increased cytosolic localization. Cit2p is part of the glyoxylate cycle, which is required for the production of essential carbohydrates when yeast is grown on non-fermentable carbon sources. Pex14p-S266 phosphosite mutants showed reversed growth phenotypes in oleic acid and ethanol with acetyl-CoA formed in peroxisomes and the cytosol, respectively. Overexpression of Cit2p rescued the growth phenotype of yeast cells expressing Pex14p-S266D in oleic acid. Our data indicate that phosphorylation of Pex14p at S266 provides a mechanism for controlling the peroxisomal import of Cit2p, which helps S. cerevisiae cells to adjust their carbohydrate metabolism according to the nutritional conditions
Download or read book Plant Peroxisomes written by A. Baker and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-01-08 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the two decades since the last comprehensive work on plant peroxisomes appeared, the scientific approaches employed in the study of plant biology have changed beyond all recognition. The accelerating pace of plant research in the post-genomic era is leading us to appreciate that peroxisomes have many important roles in plant cells, including reserve mobilisation, nitrogen assimilation, defence against stress, and metabolism of plant hormones, which are vital for productivity and normal plant development. Many plant scientists are finding, and will no doubt continue to find, that their own area of research is connected in some way to peroxisomes. Written by the leading experts in the field, this book surveys peroxisomal metabolic pathways, protein targeting and biogenesis of the organelle and prospects for the manipulation of peroxisomal function for biotechnological purposes. It aims to draw together the current state of the art as a convenient starting point for anyone, student or researcher, who wishes to know about plant peroxisomes.
Book Synopsis Structure-Function Analysis of the PEX3-PEX19 Interaction by : Friederike Schmidt
Download or read book Structure-Function Analysis of the PEX3-PEX19 Interaction written by Friederike Schmidt and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Peroxisomes in Biology and Medicine by : H. Dariush Fahimi
Download or read book Peroxisomes in Biology and Medicine written by H. Dariush Fahimi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pex36, a Novel Peroxin Implicated in de Novo Peroxisome Biogenesis by : Krypton Carolino
Download or read book Pex36, a Novel Peroxin Implicated in de Novo Peroxisome Biogenesis written by Krypton Carolino and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It was previously believed that peroxisomes could only form through the growth and division of pre-existing peroxisomes. In the past decade, there has been increasing evidence suggesting that peroxisomes can also form de novo. In Pichia pastoris, peroxisomal membrane proteins (PMPs) are sorted within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to two distinct pre-peroxisomal ER (pER) sites, from which bud two types of pre-peroxisomal vesicles (ppVs). These ppVs then fuse heterotypically to produce import-vii competent peroxisomes. Currently, only Pex3 and Pex19 are implicated in ppV budding in P. pastoris, but their exact roles are not defined. In this study, we characterized a novel P. pastoris Pex36 protein, whose loss causes cells to display a dramatic growth delay in methanol medium due to slow peroxisome biogenesis. This growth defect in methanol is enhanced with the simultaneous deletion of another peroxin, Pex25, previously implicated in peroxisome division. Using an in vitro budding assay and fluorescence microscopy of P. pastoris [delta]pex36 [delta]pex25 cells, we found that PMPs are able to sort to the pER, but are unable to bud out, suggesting that Pex36 has a role that is redundant with Pex25, in de novo peroxisomal biogenesis, specifically in ppV budding.
Book Synopsis Novel Genetic Selections for Peroxisome Biogenesis Mutants (pex) and the Isolation and Characterization of PEX14 and Pex14p in Pichia Pastoris by : Monique A. Johnson
Download or read book Novel Genetic Selections for Peroxisome Biogenesis Mutants (pex) and the Isolation and Characterization of PEX14 and Pex14p in Pichia Pastoris written by Monique A. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Peroxisomal Disorders and Regulation of Genes by : Frank Roels
Download or read book Peroxisomal Disorders and Regulation of Genes written by Frank Roels and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-12-31 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In most peroxisomal disorders the nervous system is severely affected which explains the clinical and community burden they represent. This is the first book to focus not only on the mutations causing these inherited illnesses, but also on mechanisms that regulate, suppress or enhance expression of genes and their products (enzymes). Indeed since the success and completion of the Human Genome Project all genes (coding DNA sequences) are known. However, of many, their function, and the role of the gene product has not been determined. An example is X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, the most frequent peroxisomal disorder. Children are born healthy, but in more than 1 out of 3, demyelination of the brain starts unpredictably and they die in a vegetative state. The gene mutated in most families has been known for 10 years; but the true role of the encoded protein, ALDp, is still speculative; and within the same family, very severe and asymptomatic clinical histories co-exist, unexplained by the mutation.
Book Synopsis Metabolism and Molecular Physiology of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : J. Richard Dickinson
Download or read book Metabolism and Molecular Physiology of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by J. Richard Dickinson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-04-27 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the best-selling first edition, much has been discovered about Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the single-celled fungus commonly known as baker's yeast or brewer's yeast that is the basis for much of our understanding of the molecular and cellular biology of eukaryotes. This wealth of new research data demands our attention and r
Book Synopsis Medical Biochemistry by : Miriam D. Rosenthal
Download or read book Medical Biochemistry written by Miriam D. Rosenthal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-20 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metabolism includes various pathways of chemical reactions; understanding these pathways leads to an improved knowledge of the causes, preventions, and cures for human diseases. Medical Biochemistry: Human Metabolism in Health and Disease provides a concise yet thorough explanation of human metabolism and its role in health and diseases. Focusing on the physiological context of human metabolism without extensive consideration of the mechanistic principles of underlying enzymology, the books serves as both a primary text and resource for students and professional in medical, dental, and allied health programs.
Book Synopsis Origin and spatiotemporal dynamics of the peroxisomal endomembrane system by : Vladimir I Titorenko
Download or read book Origin and spatiotemporal dynamics of the peroxisomal endomembrane system written by Vladimir I Titorenko and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-03-05 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The peroxisome is an organelle with essential roles in lipid metabolism, maintenance of reactive oxygen species homeostasis, and anaplerotic replenishment of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates destined for mitochondria. Peroxisomes constitute a dynamic endomembrane system. The homeostatic state of this system is upheld via two pathways for assembling and maintaining the diverse peroxisomal compartments constituting it; the relative contribution of each pathway to preserving such system may vary in different organisms and under various physiological conditions. One pathway begins with the targeting of certain peroxisomal membrane proteins to an endoplasmic reticulum template and their exit from the template via pre-peroxisomal carriers; these carriers mature into metabolically active peroxisomes containing the entire complement of membrane and matrix proteins. Another pathway operates via growth and maturation of pre-existing peroxisomal precursors that do not originate from the endoplasmic reticulum; mature peroxisomes proliferate by undergoing fission. Recent studies have uncovered new roles for the peroxisomal endomembrane system in orchestrating important developmental decisions and defining organismal longevity. This Frontiers Special Topic Issue is focused on the advances in our understanding of how evolutionarily distant organisms coordinate the formation, maturation, proliferation, maintenance, inheritance and quality control of the peroxisomal endomembrane system and how peroxisomal endomembranes communicate with other cellular compartments to orchestrate complex biological processes and various developmental programs from inside the cell.
Book Synopsis Developments in Fungal Biology and Applied Mycology by : Tulasi Satyanarayana
Download or read book Developments in Fungal Biology and Applied Mycology written by Tulasi Satyanarayana and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-29 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the developments in important aspects of fungi related to the environment, industrial mycology, microbiology, biotechnology, and agriculture. It discusses at length both basic and applied aspects of fungi and provides up-to-date laboratory-based data. Of the estimated three million species of fungi on Earth, according to Hawksworth and coworkers, more than 100,000 have been described to date. Many fungi produce toxins, organic acids, antibiotics and other secondary metabolites, and are sources of useful biocatalysts such as cellulases, xylanases, proteases and pectinases, to mention a few. They can also cause diseases in animals as well as plants and many are able to break down complex organic molecules such as lignin and pollutants like xenobiotics, petroleum and polycyclic aromatic compounds. Current research on mushrooms focuses on their hypoglycemic, anti-cancer, anti-pathogenic and immunity-enhancing activities. This ready-reference resource on various aspects of fungi is intended for graduate and post-graduate students as well as researchers in life sciences, microbiology, botany, environmental sciences and biotechnology.
Book Synopsis Medical Cell Biology by : Steven R. Goodman
Download or read book Medical Cell Biology written by Steven R. Goodman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2007-11-26 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical Cell Biology, Third Edition, focuses on the scientific aspects of cell biology important to medical students, dental students, veterinary students, and prehealth undergraduates. With its National Board-type questions, this book is specifically designed to prepare students for this exam. The book maintains a concise focus on eukaryotic cell biology as it relates to human and animal disease, all within a manageable 300-page format. This is accomplished by explaining general cell biology principles in the context of organ systems and disease. This updated version contains 60% new material and all new clinical cases. New topics include apoptosis and cell death from a neural perspective; signal transduction as it relates to normal and abnormal heart function; and cell cycle and cell division related to cancer biology. - 60% New Material! - New Topics include: - Apoptosis and cell dealth from a neural perspective - Signal transduction as it relates to normal and abnormal heart function - Cell cycle and cell division related to cancer biology - All new clinical cases - Serves as a prep guide to the National Medical Board Exam with sample board-style questions (using Exam Master(R) technology): www.exammaster.com - Focuses on eukaryotic cell biology as it related to human disease, thus making the subject more accessible to pre-med and pre-health students
