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Impurity And Sin In Ancient Judaism
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Book Synopsis Impurity and Sin in Ancient Judaism by : Jonathan Klawans
Download or read book Impurity and Sin in Ancient Judaism written by Jonathan Klawans and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2004 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jonathan Klawans shows how the link between moral impurity and physical defilement, as understood by the ancient Hebrews, can be followed through to St Paul and the Christian era when the need for ritual purity was finally rejected.
Book Synopsis Purity, Sacrifice, and the Temple by : Jonathan Klawans
Download or read book Purity, Sacrifice, and the Temple written by Jonathan Klawans and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2009-05 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ancient Jewish sacrifice has long been misunderstood. Some find in sacrifice the key to the mysterious and violent origins of human culture. Others see these cultic rituals as merely the fossilized vestiges of primitive superstition. Some believe that ancient Jewish sacrifice was doomed from the start, destined to be replaced by the Christian eucharist. Others think that the temple was fated to be superseded by the synagogue. In Purity, Sacrifice, and the Temple Jonathan Klawans demonstrates that these supersessionist ideologies have prevented scholars from recognizing the Jerusalem temple as a powerful source of meaning and symbolism to the ancient Jews who worshiped there. Klawans exposes and counters such ideologies by reviewing the theoretical literature on sacrifice and taking a fresh look at a broad range of evidence concerning ancient Jewish attitudes toward the temple and its sacrificial cult. The first step toward reaching a more balanced view is to integrate the study of sacrifice with the study of purity-a ritual structure that has commonly been understood as symbolic by scholars and laypeople alike. The second step is to rehabilitate sacrificial metaphors, with the understanding that these metaphors are windows into the ways sacrifice was understood by ancient Jews. By taking these steps-and by removing contemporary religious and cultural biases-Klawans allows us to better understand what sacrifice meant to the early communities who practiced it. Armed with this new understanding, Klawans reevaluates the ideas about the temple articulated in a wide array of ancient sources, including Josephus, Philo, Pseudepigrapha, the Dead Sea Scrolls, New Testament, and Rabbinic literature. Klawans mines these sources with an eye toward illuminating the symbolic meanings of sacrifice for ancient Jews. Along the way, he reconsiders the ostensible rejection of the cult by the biblical prophets, the Qumran sect, and Jesus. While these figures may have seen the temple in their time as tainted or even defiled, Klawans argues, they too-like practically all ancient Jews-believed in the cult, accepted its symbolic significance, and hoped for its ultimate efficacy.
Book Synopsis Josephus and the Theologies of Ancient Judaism by : Jonathan Klawans
Download or read book Josephus and the Theologies of Ancient Judaism written by Jonathan Klawans and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-10 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Though considered one of the most important informants about Judaism in the first century CE, the Jewish historian Flavius Josephus's testimony is often overlooked or downplayed. Jonathan Klawans's Josephus and the Theologies of Ancient Judaism reexamines Josephus's descriptions of sectarian disagreements concerning determinism and free will, the afterlife, and scriptural authority. In each case, Josephus's testimony is analyzed in light of his works' general concerns as well as relevant biblical, rabbinic, and Dead Sea texts. Many scholars today argue that ancient Jewish sectarian disputes revolved primarily or even exclusively around matters of ritual law, such as calendar, cultic practices, or priestly succession. Josephus, however, indicates that the Pharisees, Sadducees, and Essenes disagreed about matters of theology, such as afterlife and determinism. Similarly, many scholars today argue that ancient Judaism was thrust into a theological crisis in the wake of the destruction of the second temple in 70 CE, yet Josephus's works indicate that Jews were readily able to make sense of the catastrophe in light of biblical precedents and contemporary beliefs. Without denying the importance of Jewish law-and recognizing Josephus's embellishments and exaggerations-Josephus and the Theologies of Ancient Judaism calls for a renewed focus on Josephus's testimony, and models an approach to ancient Judaism that gives theological questions a deserved place alongside matters of legal concern. Ancient Jewish theology was indeed significant, diverse, and sufficiently robust to respond to the crisis of its day.
Book Synopsis Purity and Danger by : Professor Mary Douglas
Download or read book Purity and Danger written by Professor Mary Douglas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purity and Danger is acknowledged as a modern masterpiece of anthropology. It is widely cited in non-anthropological works and gave rise to a body of application, rebuttal and development within anthropology. In 1995 the book was included among the Times Literary Supplement's hundred most influential non-fiction works since WWII. Incorporating the philosophy of religion and science and a generally holistic approach to classification, Douglas demonstrates the relevance of anthropological enquiries to an audience outside her immediate academic circle. She offers an approach to understanding rules of purity by examining what is considered unclean in various cultures. She sheds light on the symbolism of what is considered clean and dirty in relation to order in secular and religious, modern and primitive life.
Book Synopsis Impurity and Gender in the Hebrew Bible by : Elizabeth W. Goldstein
Download or read book Impurity and Gender in the Hebrew Bible written by Elizabeth W. Goldstein and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2015-09-17 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Impurity and Gender in the Hebrew Bible explores the role of female blood in the Hebrew Bible and considers its theological implications for future understandings of purity and impurity in the Jewish religion. Influenced by the work of Jonathan Klawans (Sin and Impurity in Ancient Judaism), and using the categories of ritual and moral impurities, this book analyzes the way in which these categories intersect with women and with the impurity of female blood, and reads the biblical foundations of purity and blood taboos with a feminist lens. Ultimately, the purpose of this book is to understand the intersection between impurity and gender, figuratively and non-figuratively, in the Hebrew Bible. Goldstein traces this intersection from the years 1000 BCE-250 BCE and ends with a consideration of female impurity in the literature of Qumran.
Book Synopsis Ritual and Morality by : Hyam Maccoby
Download or read book Ritual and Morality written by Hyam Maccoby and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-01-11 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book explains clearly the ritual purity system of the Hebrew Bible. Maccoby focuses on the various human conditions (corpse impurity, menstruation, childbirth, sexual intercourse, and certain diseases), which are not sinful, but which disqualify Israelites from entering the Temple unless they have been purified. Various recent theories of the origin and meaning of the rules of ritual purity are discussed, and common misconceptions are corrected. New solutions are proposed for various problems. This is the first book on the subject that is accessible to the specialist and nonspecialist reader alike.
Book Synopsis Sacrifice, Cult, and Atonement in Early Judaism and Christianity by : Henrietta L. Wiley
Download or read book Sacrifice, Cult, and Atonement in Early Judaism and Christianity written by Henrietta L. Wiley and published by SBL Press. This book was released on 2017-09-28 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Critical and creative studies that offer fresh perspectives on ancient ideas and practices The contributions to this volume deal in various ways with the cult at the Jerusalem Temple that epitomized the religious, cultural, and socio-political identity of Judaism for many centuries. Some essays examine ancient constitutive practices and concepts, such as purification rituals, sacrifices, atonement, or sacred authorities at the temple, with the goal of interpreting their meanings for modern readers. Other essays explore alternatives to ancient cultic meaning and practice. Essays critique established traditions, attempt to renegotiate them, or use metaphor and spiritualization to expand the potential of these phenomena to serve as terminological and ideological resources. Thus they examine and affirm the continuing relevance of ancient Jewish cultic notions long after the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE. An international group of scholars representing different fields and diverse religious backgrounds A thorough examination of traditions as through the lens of contemporaneous interpretive traditions such as Jewish prophecy, the Dead Sea Scrolls, and Early Christian literature Examination of topics such as purification, sacrifice, and atonement, and the depiction and development of sacred authority throughout the Bible
Book Synopsis Judaism and Disability by : Judith Z. Abrams
Download or read book Judaism and Disability written by Judith Z. Abrams and published by Gallaudet University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Judaism and Disability delves into all of the ancient texts and their explications, including the Tanach, the Hebrew acronym for the Jewish Bible, the Mishnah, considered the foundation of rabbinic literature, and the Bavli, the Babylonian Talmud. Instead of imposing a contemporary consciousness upon these archaic works, this carefully researched book presents their viewpoints as written, in an effort to understand why they expressed the sensibilities that they did.
Book Synopsis Gentile Impurities and Jewish Identities by : Christine E. Hayes
Download or read book Gentile Impurities and Jewish Identities written by Christine E. Hayes and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002-11-14 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In ancient Jewish culture the ideas of purity and impurity defined the socio-cultural boundaries between Jews and Gentiles. Hayes argues that different views of the possibility of conversion, based on varying ideas about Gentile impurity, were the key factor in the formation of Jewish sects in the second temple period, and in the separation of the early Christian Church from what later became rabbinic Judaism.
Book Synopsis The Sanctuary of Silence by : Israel Knohl
Download or read book The Sanctuary of Silence written by Israel Knohl and published by Eisenbrauns. This book was released on 2007 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scholar Israel Knohl offers a new perspective on the history and theology of the Priestly source of the Pentateuch. Knohl claims that groups associated with the Priestly Torah appear ensconced within the Temple, operating within a "Sanctuary of Silence", in contrast to the later Holiness School, which reached a loftier conception of God and a broader purview of faith, holiness, and practice.
Book Synopsis Purity, Body, and Self in Early Rabbinic Literature by : DR. S Mira Balberg
Download or read book Purity, Body, and Self in Early Rabbinic Literature written by DR. S Mira Balberg and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2014-02-15 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the ways in which the early rabbis reshaped biblical laws of ritual purity and impurity and argues that the rabbis’ new purity discourse generated a unique notion of a bodily self. Focusing on the Mishnah, a Palestinian legal codex compiled around the turn of the third century CE, Mira Balberg shows how the rabbis constructed the processes of contracting, conveying, and managing ritual impurity as ways of negotiating the relations between one’s self and one’s body and, more broadly, the relations between one’s self and one’s human and nonhuman environments. With their heightened emphasis on subjectivity, consciousness, and self-reflection, the rabbis reinvented biblically inherited language and practices in a way that resonated with central cultural concerns and intellectual commitments of the Greco-Roman Mediterranean world. Purity, Body, and Self in Early Rabbinic Literature adds a new dimension to the study of practices of self-making in antiquity by suggesting that not only philosophical exercises but also legal paradigms functioned as sites through which the self was shaped and improved.
Book Synopsis A Companion to Late Ancient Jews and Judaism by : Gwynn Kessler
Download or read book A Companion to Late Ancient Jews and Judaism written by Gwynn Kessler and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-26 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An innovative approach to the study of ten centuries of Jewish culture and history A Companion to Late Ancient Jews and Judaism explores the Jewish people, their communities, and various manifestations of their religious and cultural expressions from the third century BCE to the seventh century CE. Presenting a collection of 30 original essays written by noted scholars in the field, this companion provides an expansive examination of ancient Jewish life, identity, gender, sacred and domestic spaces, literature, language, and theological questions throughout late ancient Jewish history and historiography. Editors Gwynn Kessler and Naomi Koltun-Fromm situate the volume within Late Antiquity, enabling readers to rethink traditional chronological, geographic, and political boundaries. The Companion incorporates a broad methodology, drawing from social history, material history and culture, and literary studies to consider the diverse forms and facets of Jews and Judaism within multiple contexts of place, culture, and history. Divided into five parts, thematically-organized essays discuss topics including the spaces where Jews lived, worked, and worshiped, Jewish languages and literatures, ethnicities and identities, and questions about gender and the body central to Jewish culture and Judaism. Offering original scholarship and fresh insights on late ancient Jewish history and culture, this unique volume: Offers a one-volume exploration of “second temple,” “Greco-Roman,” and “rabbinic” periods and sources Explores Jewish life across most of the geographic places where Jews or Judaeans were known to have lived Features original maps of areas cited in every essay, including maps of Jewish settlement throughout Late Antiquity Includes an outline of major historical events, further readings, and full references A Companion to Late Ancient Jews and Judaism: 3rd Century BCE - 7th Century CE is a valuable resource for students, instructors, and scholars of Jewish studies, religion, literature, and ethnic identity, as well as general readers with interest in Jewish history, world religions, Classics, and Late Antiquity.
Book Synopsis The Idea of Purity in Ancient Judaism by : Jacob Neusner
Download or read book The Idea of Purity in Ancient Judaism written by Jacob Neusner and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2006-05-01 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Oxford Bibliographies by : Ilan Stavans
Download or read book Oxford Bibliographies written by Ilan Stavans and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "An emerging field of study that explores the Hispanic minority in the United States, Latino Studies is enriched by an interdisciplinary perspective. Historians, sociologists, anthropologists, political scientists, demographers, linguists, as well as religion, ethnicity, and culture scholars, among others, bring a varied, multifaceted approach to the understanding of a people whose roots are all over the Americas and whose permanent home is north of the Rio Grande. Oxford Bibliographies in Latino Studies offers an authoritative, trustworthy, and up-to-date intellectual map to this ever-changing discipline."--Editorial page.
Book Synopsis Heresy, Forgery, Novelty by : Jonathan Klawans
Download or read book Heresy, Forgery, Novelty written by Jonathan Klawans and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-09-02 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is commonly asserted that heresy is a Christian invention that emerged in late antiquity as Christianity distinguished itself from Judaism. Heresy, Forgery, Novelty probes ancient Jewish disputes regarding religious innovation and argues that Christianity's heresiological impulse is in fact indebted to Jewish precedents. In this book, Jonathan Klawans demonstrates that ancient Jewish literature displays a profound unease regarding religious innovation. The historian Josephus condemned religious innovation outright, and later rabbis valorize the antiquity of their traditions. The Dead Sea sectarians spoke occasionally-and perhaps secretly-of a "new covenant," but more frequently masked newer ideas in rhetorics of renewal or recovery. Other ancient Jews engaged in pseudepigraphy-the false attribution of recent works to prophets of old. The flourishing of such religious forgeries further underscores the dangers associated with religious innovation. As Christianity emerged, the discourse surrounding religious novelty shifted dramatically. On the one hand, Christians came to believe that Jesus had inaugurated a "new covenant," replacing what came prior. On the other hand, Christian writers followed their Jewish predecessors in condemning heretics as dangerous innovators, and concealing new works in pseudepigraphic garb. In its open, unabashed embrace of new things, Christianity parts from Judaism. Christianity's heresiological condemnation of novelty, however, displays continuity with prior Jewish traditions. Heresy, Forgery, Novelty reconsiders and offers a new interpretation of the dynamics of the split between Judaism and Christianity.
Book Synopsis Purity and the Forming of Religious Traditions in the Ancient Mediterranean World and Ancient Judaism by : Christian Frevel
Download or read book Purity and the Forming of Religious Traditions in the Ancient Mediterranean World and Ancient Judaism written by Christian Frevel and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2012-11-01 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on concepts, practices and images associated with purity in the ancient Mediterranean, this volume contributes new aspects to the current discussion about the forming of religious traditions, from a comparative perspective that acknowldges individual developments, mutual exchanges, as well as transcultural processes.
Book Synopsis Matthew within Judaism by : Anders Runesson
Download or read book Matthew within Judaism written by Anders Runesson and published by SBL Press. This book was released on 2020-07-17 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this collection of essays, leading New Testament scholars reassess the reciprocal relationship between Matthew and Second Temple Judaism. Some contributions focus on the relationship of the Matthean Jesus to torah, temple, and synagogue, while others explore theological issues of Jewish and gentile ethnicity and universalism within and behind the text.
