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Improving The Cost Estimation Of Space Systems
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Book Synopsis Improving the Cost Estimation of Space Systems by : Obaid Younossi
Download or read book Improving the Cost Estimation of Space Systems written by Obaid Younossi and published by Rand Corporation Monograph. This book was released on 2008 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why have the costs of acquiring space systems been so high? What are the sources of the problems? To answer these questions, RAND researchers examined the sources of cost growth of Air Force space systems and undertook an extensive study of two space systems--the Space Based Infrared System-High (SBIRS) and the Global Positioning System (GPS)--including an evaluation of their sources of cost growth, an assessment of their approaches to technical risk assessment, and an examination of their acquisition policy adaptations and industrial base environments. The researchers recommend independent program assessment for space systems that emphasizes technical and program factors, and a modified organizational structure that maintains cost analyst independence. They also summarize the cost estimating best practices of several other government organizations.
Book Synopsis Improving the Cost Estimation of Space Systems. Past Lessons and Future Recommendations by :
Download or read book Improving the Cost Estimation of Space Systems. Past Lessons and Future Recommendations written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to historically high cost growth in the acquisition of space systems, the Under Secretary of the Air Force, in accordance with National Security Space (NSS) Acquisition Policy, directed the Air Force acquisition community to support the development of independent, accurate, and timely cost analyses to make the acquisition of NSS systems more realistic in terms of estimated costs. In turn, the former commander of Air Force Space Command (AFSPC), Gen Lance W. Lord, and the former commander of the Air Force Space and Missile Systems Center (SMC), Lt Gen Michael Hamel, asked RAND Project AIR FORCE to assess cost-estimating requirements and capabilities of SMC cost-estimating organizations as well as their resources, tools, methods and processes and to recommend an enhanced approach to cost analysis aimed at improving cost-estimating for space systems and increasing the understanding of factors that influence their cost. The study was sponsored by the former commander of SMC, General Hamel. The project technical monitor was Col Delane Aguilar, SMC/FMC. The research was conducted within the Resource Management Program of RAND Project AIR FORCE as part of a multiyear study entitled Air Force Space Systems Costs. The initial data collection was completed in May of 2006 and the final update was provided in February of 2007, with frequent updates in between. The final briefing was presented to General Hamel on March 13, 2007, and to Gen Kevin P. Chilton, the former commander of Air Force Space Command, on March 21, 2007. This monograph should interest government personnel involved in cost estimation and acquisition of defense systems, the military space acquisition communities, and those concerned with current and future acquisition policies.
Book Synopsis Guidelines and Metrics for Assessing Space System Cost Estimates by : Bernard Fox
Download or read book Guidelines and Metrics for Assessing Space System Cost Estimates written by Bernard Fox and published by RAND Corporation. This book was released on 2008 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Introduction / 2. Space system fundamentals / 3. Reviewing a cost estimate / 4. Space vehicle cost crosschecks / 5. Common issues in estimating space programs / 6. Resources for space system cost estimation / 7. Recommendations.
Book Synopsis Reusable Booster System by : National Research Council
Download or read book Reusable Booster System written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-01-10 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On June 15, 2011, the Air Force Space Command established a new vision, mission, and set of goals to ensure continued U.S. dominance in space and cyberspace mission areas. Subsequently, and in coordination with the Air Force Research Laboratory, the Space and Missile Systems Center, and the 14th and 24th Air Forces, the Air Force Space Command identified four long-term science and technology (S&T) challenges critical to meeting these goals. One of these challenges is to provide full-spectrum launch capability at dramatically lower cost, and a reusable booster system (RBS) has been proposed as an approach to meet this challenge. The Air Force Space Command asked the Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board of the National Research Council to conduct an independent review and assessment of the RBS concept prior to considering a continuation of RBS-related activities within the Air Force Research Laboratory portfolio and before initiating a more extensive RBS development program. The committee for the Reusable Booster System: Review and Assessment was formed in response to that request and charged with reviewing and assessing the criteria and assumptions used in the current RBS plans, the cost model methodologies used to fame [frame?] the RBS business case, and the technical maturity and development plans of key elements critical to RBS implementation. The committee consisted of experts not connected with current RBS activities who have significant expertise in launch vehicle design and operation, research and technology development and implementation, space system operations, and cost analysis. The committee solicited and received input on the Air Force launch requirements, the baseline RBS concept, cost models and assessment, and technology readiness. The committee also received input from industry associated with RBS concept, industry independent of the RBS concept, and propulsion system providers which is summarized in Reusable Booster System: Review and Assessment.
Book Synopsis A Representative Survey of U.S. Space Systems and Methods for Estimating Their Costs by : J. R. Nelson
Download or read book A Representative Survey of U.S. Space Systems and Methods for Estimating Their Costs written by J. R. Nelson and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this project was to expand and enhance IDA's capabilities to estimate the future acquisition costs and schedules of space systems. This study accumulated information on launch systems, manned space systems, and interplanetary systems from NASA. Cost and schedule information was collected on representative programs, estimating methods, and supporting databases. The results of the effort include this document, which summarizes costs and schedules of representative space systems along with cost-estimating methods currently being applied, and also a library of over 500 documents that describe technical, schedule, and cost characteristics of U.S. space activities during the past 40 years. Preliminary findings of this study have been applied to estimate the costs of manned access to space.
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781725625396 Total Pages :26 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (253 download)
Book Synopsis Cost Estimating Methods for Advanced Space Systems by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Cost Estimating Methods for Advanced Space Systems written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-16 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NASA is responsible for developing much of the nation's future space technology. Cost estimates for new programs are required early in the planning process so that decisions can be made accurately. Because of the long lead times required to develop space hardware, the cost estimates are frequently required 10 to 15 years before the program delivers hardware. The system design in conceptual phases of a program is usually only vaguely defined and the technology used is so often state-of-the-art or beyond. These factors combine to make cost estimating for conceptual programs very challenging. This paper describes an effort to develop parametric cost estimating methods for space systems in the conceptual design phase. The approach is to identify variables that drive cost such as weight, quantity, development culture, design inheritance and time. The nature of the relationships between the driver variables and cost will be discussed. In particular, the relationship between weight and cost will be examined in detail. A theoretical model of cost will be developed and tested statistically against a historical database of major research and development projects. Cyr, Kelley Unspecified Center ...
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309463831 Total Pages :127 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Powering Science by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Powering Science written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-01-29 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NASA's Science Mission Directorate (SMD) currently operates over five dozen missions, with approximately two dozen additional missions in development. These missions span the scientific fields associated with SMD's four divisionsâ€"Astrophysics, Earth Science, Heliophysics, and Planetary Sciences. Because a single mission can consist of multiple spacecraft, NASA-SMD is responsible for nearly 100 operational spacecraft. The most high profile of these are the large strategic missions, often referred to as "flagships." Large strategic missions are essential to maintaining the global leadership of the United States in space exploration and in science because only the United States has the budget, technology, and trained personnel in multiple scientific fields to conduct missions that attract a range of international partners. This report examines the role of large, strategic missions within a balanced program across NASA-SMD space and Earth sciences programs. It considers the role and scientific productivity of such missions in advancing science, technology and the long-term health of the field, and provides guidance that NASA can use to help set the priority of larger missions within a properly balanced program containing a range of mission classes.
Book Synopsis Controlling Cost Growth of NASA Earth and Space Science Missions by : National Research Council
Download or read book Controlling Cost Growth of NASA Earth and Space Science Missions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-10-21 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cost and schedule growth is a problem experienced by many types of projects in many fields of endeavor. Based on prior studies of cost growth in NASA and Department of Defense projects, this book identifies specific causes of cost growth associated with NASA Earth and space science missions and provides guidance on how NASA can overcome these specific problems. The recommendations in this book focus on changes in NASA policies that would directly reduce or eliminate the cost growth of Earth and space science missions. Large cost growth is a concern for Earth and space science missions, and it can be a concern for other missions as well. If the cost growth is large enough, it can create liquidity problems for NASA's Science Mission Directorate that in turn cause cost profile changes and development delays that amplify the overall cost growth for other concurrent and/or pending missions. Addressing cost growth through the allocation of artificially high reserves is an inefficient use of resources because it unnecessarily diminishes the portfolio of planned flights. The most efficient use of resources is to establish realistic budgets and reserves and effective management processes that maximize the likelihood that mission costs will not exceed reserves. NASA is already taking action to reduce cost growth; additional steps, as recommended herein, will help improve NASA's mission planning process and achieve the goal of ensuring frequent mission opportunities for NASA Earth and space science.
Book Synopsis Safety Design for Space Systems by : Gary Eugene Musgrave
Download or read book Safety Design for Space Systems written by Gary Eugene Musgrave and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2009-03-27 with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress in space safety lies in the acceptance of safety design and engineering as an integral part of the design and implementation process for new space systems. Safety must be seen as the principle design driver of utmost importance from the outset of the design process, which is only achieved through a culture change that moves all stakeholders toward front-end loaded safety concepts. This approach entails a common understanding and mastering of basic principles of safety design for space systems at all levels of the program organisation. Fully supported by the International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety (IAASS), written by the leading figures in the industry, with frontline experience from projects ranging from the Apollo missions, Skylab, the Space Shuttle and the International Space Station, this book provides a comprehensive reference for aerospace engineers in industry. It addresses each of the key elements that impact on space systems safety, including: the space environment (natural and induced); human physiology in space; human rating factors; emergency capabilities; launch propellants and oxidizer systems; life support systems; battery and fuel cell safety; nuclear power generators (NPG) safety; habitat activities; fire protection; safety-critical software development; collision avoidance systems design; operations and on-orbit maintenance. The only comprehensive space systems safety reference, its must-have status within space agencies and suppliers, technical and aerospace libraries is practically guaranteed Written by the leading figures in the industry from NASA, ESA, JAXA, (et cetera), with frontline experience from projects ranging from the Apollo missions, Skylab, the Space Shuttle, small and large satellite systems, and the International Space Station Superb quality information for engineers, programme managers, suppliers and aerospace technologists; fully supported by the IAASS (International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety)
Book Synopsis Space Programs by : United States Accounting Office (GAO)
Download or read book Space Programs written by United States Accounting Office (GAO) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-05-31 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Space Programs: NASA's Independent Cost Estimating Capability Needs Improvement
Book Synopsis Space Programs: Nasa's Independent Cost Estimating Capability Needs Improvement by :
Download or read book Space Programs: Nasa's Independent Cost Estimating Capability Needs Improvement written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Space Transportation by : Walter Edward Hammond
Download or read book Space Transportation written by Walter Edward Hammond and published by AIAA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation This practical book gives young professionals all the information they need to know to get started in the space business. It takes you step-by-step through processes for systems engineering and acquisition, design and development, cost analysis, and program planning and analysis. You'll find the systems engineering and design process that applies to all space transportation systems, then the overall system architecture considerations that also apply to all space transportation systems. There is also detailed coverage of space launch vehicles by class, including the current space shuttle, other manned reusable systems, expendable systems, and future systems. A companion CD-ROM contains the Operations Simulation and Analysis Modeling System software.
Book Synopsis Reducing Space Mission Cost by : James R. Wertz
Download or read book Reducing Space Mission Cost written by James R. Wertz and published by Springer. This book was released on 1996-07-31 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reducing Space Mission Cost is the first complete treatment of the technology, process, and problems in the most critical areas of modern spaceflight. The demand to reduce cost is unrelenting. This pioneering book addresses all aspects of this problem, including: Technology and processes for reducing cost Cost reduction in mission engineering, spacecraft design, manufacture, launch, and operations Implementation methods and problems The price of reducing cost 10 detailed case studies of what works in practice in: Science missions Interplanetary probes Communications spacecraft Test and Applications missions Beginning on the inside front cover, this book provides real cost data on a variety of missions, systems, and subsystems. According to the authors: `Reducing mission cost is hard enough if you know what the real costs are, and virtually impossible if you don't.' This book challenges traditional methods, yet recognizes that all space programs are run to minimize cost within the rules under which they are built and flown. It provides practical recipes for reducing cost in both new and ongoing missions and discusses what works, what government can do to help, and what methods intended to reduce cost may be counterproductive and unintentionally increase cost. As shown on the inside rear cover, the case studies described in the book have reduced total mission cost by 80% to more than 90% with respect to projections by traditional cost methods. This book is a follow-on to the now standard text and reference, Space Mission Analysis and Design, also edited by Drs. Wertz and Larson. It is required reading for professionals, students, and managers in astronautics or space sciences and managers or scientists involved in space experiments. This book shows that reducing space mission cost, without reducing reliability, is as possible as it is important for the future of space exploration.
Book Synopsis Space Programs by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Space Programs written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Space Acquisitions: DOD Needs to Take More Action to Address Unrealistic Initial Cost Estimates of Space Systems by :
Download or read book Space Acquisitions: DOD Needs to Take More Action to Address Unrealistic Initial Cost Estimates of Space Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimated costs for the Department of Defense's (DoD) major space acquisition programs have increased by about $12.2 billion from initial estimates for fiscal years 2006 through 2011. Cost growth for ongoing Air Force programs above initial estimates accounts for a substantial portion of this 44 percent increase. In light of the role that optimistic estimating is believed to have played in exacerbating space acquisition cost growth, the Congress requested that GAO examine the following: (1) in what areas space system acquisition cost estimates have been unrealistic, and (2) what incentives and pressures have contributed to the quality and usefulness of cost estimates for space system acquisitions. GAO recommends that DoD take a number of actions to increase the likelihood that independent, more realistic cost estimates will be developed and utilized. DoD concurred with the overall findings of this report, and it provided information on the specific actions it was already taking to improve the Air Force's cost-estimating capability.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :80 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Cost Management Issues in NASA's Acquisitions and Programs : Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics, Committee on Science and Technology, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, First Session, March 5, 2009 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics
Download or read book Cost Management Issues in NASA's Acquisitions and Programs : Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics, Committee on Science and Technology, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, First Session, March 5, 2009 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781721104239 Total Pages :106 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (42 download)
Book Synopsis Development of Advanced Life Cycle Costing Methods for Technology Benefit/Cost/Risk Assessment by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Development of Advanced Life Cycle Costing Methods for Technology Benefit/Cost/Risk Assessment written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-15 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall objective of this three-year grant is to provide NASA Langley's System Analysis Branch with improved affordability tools and methods based on probabilistic cost assessment techniques. In order to accomplish this objective, the Aerospace Systems Design Laboratory (ASDL) needs to pursue more detailed affordability, technology impact, and risk prediction methods and to demonstrate them on variety of advanced commercial transports. The affordability assessment, which is a cornerstone of ASDL methods, relies on the Aircraft Life Cycle Cost Analysis (ALCCA) program originally developed by NASA Ames Research Center and enhanced by ASDL. This grant proposed to improve ALCCA in support of the project objective by updating the research, design, test, and evaluation cost module, as well as the engine development cost module. Investigations into enhancements to ALCCA include improved engine development cost, process based costing, supportability cost, and system reliability with airline loss of revenue for system downtime. A probabilistic, stand-alone version of ALCCA/FLOPS will also be developed under this grant in order to capture the uncertainty involved in technology assessments. FLOPS (FLight Optimization System program) is an aircraft synthesis and sizing code developed by NASA Langley Research Center. This probabilistic version of the coupled program will be used within a Technology Impact Forecasting (TIF) method to determine what types of technologies would have to be infused in a system in order to meet customer requirements. A probabilistic analysis of the CER's (cost estimating relationships) within ALCCA will also be carried out under this contract in order to gain some insight as to the most influential costs and the impact that code fidelity could have on future RDS (Robust Design Simulation) studies. Yackovetsky, Robert (Technical Monitor) Langley Research Center NAG1-2149
