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Improving Safety In High Speed Work Zones A Super 70 Study
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Book Synopsis Improving Safety in High-Speed Work Zones: A Super 70 Study by : Andrew P. Tarko
Download or read book Improving Safety in High-Speed Work Zones: A Super 70 Study written by Andrew P. Tarko and published by Purdue University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-15 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Recent Roadway Geometric Design Research for Improved Safety and Operations by : Marcus Brewer
Download or read book Recent Roadway Geometric Design Research for Improved Safety and Operations written by Marcus Brewer and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2012 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: RB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 432: Recent Roadway Geometric Design Research for Improved Safety and Operations reviews and summarizes roadway geometric design literature completed and published from 2001 through early 2011, particularly research that identified impacts on safety and operations.
Book Synopsis Speed Variation and Safety in Work Zones by : John Anthony Gambatese
Download or read book Speed Variation and Safety in Work Zones written by John Anthony Gambatese and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In addition to lower speeds, the difference between vehicle speed and the average speed on the roadway has been identified as a factor in roadway crashes. For work zones, the potential for such speed variation from the average speed is magnified. The safety associated with speed variation in work zones affects both motorists driving through the work zone and the workers in the work zone. The overall goal of this research is to develop additional knowledge and practices that can be used to improve driver and worker safety in work zones and, as a result, mobility through work zones. The research focuses on high-speed roadways (e.g., highways and freeways) and typical mobile construction and maintenance operations that occur on such roadways (e.g., paving and re-striping). The research presented in this report involved a review of the archival literature germane to the topic of speed variation (with and without a work zone), the analysis results of speed variation and crash occurrence, and the impacts of selected traffic control interventions on speed variation in work zones in Oregon. The PCMS unit showing alternating messages "MAINTAIN CONSTANT SPEED" and "THRU WORK ZONE" in two phases and placed at the advance warning area was found to effectively reduce speed variation in the work zone. Based on the findings, the researchers recommend use of PCMS units that display custom messages to maintain constant speed for work zone operations on high-speed roadways.
Book Synopsis Safety Study by : United States. National Transportation Safety Board
Download or read book Safety Study written by United States. National Transportation Safety Board and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Improving the Safety Performance of Construction Work Zones by : Mason Ali
Download or read book Improving the Safety Performance of Construction Work Zones written by Mason Ali and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hundreds of fatal occupational incidents occur in construction work zones every year. According to the National Work Zone Safety (NWZS), there were 842 fatalities in work zones in the United States in 2019 compared to 757 in 2018. (NWZS 2019). The Manual of Uniform Traffic Devices (MUTCD) provides the minimum requirements for traffic safety, and improvements are always needed. Every work zone is unique based on several elements including, but not limited to, project location, construction type, task duration, and demography. This thesis further researches the safety performance of road work zones. Specifically, the study addresses and includes the following elements: 1. Investigating the work zone fatal incident investigation reports carried out by the Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation (FACE) Program. 2. Investigating the Southeast Michigan Council of Government (SEMCOG) work zone incident reports. 3. Conducting a field experiment to assess the real influence of utilizing rumble strips on construction work zones. The study further suggests that the causes of work zone incidents were a combination of high-risk motorist behavior, a deficiency in temporary traffic control plans, and an unsuitable TTC setup. To mitigate the risk of fatal incident, motorists must increase attention and reduce speed when they pass work zones. Thus, utilizing new technologies like Temporary Portable Rumble Strips (TPRS) has been suggested to improve the safety of work zones. The field experiment suggests that TPRS could help reduce motorist speed under a specific circumstance and increase motorist awareness.
Book Synopsis Strategies on Improving Worker Safety in Work Zones by : Roadway Safety Consortium
Download or read book Strategies on Improving Worker Safety in Work Zones written by Roadway Safety Consortium and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Guidelines on Worker Safety Strategies (Subpart K) describes traffic control measures that can be appropriate in work zones to further improve the safety of highway workers. The document addresses enhanced flagger station set-ups, intrusion alarms, pace or pilot vehicles, and temporary traffic signals.
Download or read book Highway Safety Literature written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Highway Safety Literature written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gravel Roads written by Ken Skorseth and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this manual is to provide clear and helpful information for maintaining gravel roads. Very little technical help is available to small agencies that are responsible for managing these roads. Gravel road maintenance has traditionally been "more of an art than a science" and very few formal standards exist. This manual contains guidelines to help answer the questions that arise concerning gravel road maintenance such as: What is enough surface crown? What is too much? What causes corrugation? The information is as nontechnical as possible without sacrificing clear guidelines and instructions on how to do the job right.
Book Synopsis Guidelines on Managing Speeds in Work Zones by : Roadway Safety Consortium
Download or read book Guidelines on Managing Speeds in Work Zones written by Roadway Safety Consortium and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Guidelines on Managing Speeds in Work Zones summarizes available guidance on setting speed limits and managing speeds in work zones. Many factors impact the decision to reduce the regulatory speed limit in a work zone, implement speed limit management strategies and utilize speed reduction strategies. This guide is intended to aid agencies and highway contractors in understanding these factors and the interactions among them. The document addresses how slower speeds can improve safety, how drivers are told to slow down, when slower speeds are important, changing speeds to match conditions, voluntary speed reductions, law enforcement, other tools, a decision tool for managing speeds, and an example approach to managing speeds in work zones.
Download or read book Managing Speed written by and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 1998 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB Special Report 254 - Managing Speed: Review of Current Practices for Setting and Enforcing Speed Limits reviews practices for setting and enforcing speed limits on all types of roads and provides guidance to state and local governments on appropriate methods of setting speed limits and related enforcement strategies. Following an executive summary, the report is presented in six chapters and five appendices.
Book Synopsis Varied Applications of Work Zone Safety Analysis Through the Investigation of Crash Data, Design, and Field Studies by : Erica Lee Swansen
Download or read book Varied Applications of Work Zone Safety Analysis Through the Investigation of Crash Data, Design, and Field Studies written by Erica Lee Swansen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work zone crashes and fatalities have been decreasing since 1994. Yet, according to Fatality Analysis Reporting System, 667 people were killed in highway work zone crashes in 2009. As the United States' infrastructure ages and new roads and highways are constructed less frequently, the need for repairs and alterations to the nation's roadways is continually increasing. This growth ensures that work zones will be a vital piece of design focus in the near future. In order to continue the decreasing trend in work zone crashes, and reduce the still significant number of work zone fatalities, work zones need to continually be examined to identify opportunities for improved safety. This research explored the relationship between work zone related crashes and work zone design and setup. More specifically, existing literature and current standards, compiled with crash report form data in the UMass Safety Data Warehouse and field observations in Massachusetts were integrated to determine the causes and remedies for work zone related crashes. The research examined three critical areas: 1) causation of work zone related crashes in contrast to non-work zone related crashes along with variations of citations as a result of work zone crashes; 2) variations of the work zone definition and the impact on work zone involvement; and 3) analysis of conflict and event studies for small scale work zones to develop a methodology using surrogate measures to identify potential countermeasures leading to improved work zone safety. The results are expected to advance the current state of knowledge with regards to work zone design and setup, resulting in recommended actions for improved work zone analysis and design strategies.
Book Synopsis Work Zone Speed Analysis Using Driving Simulator Data by : Arash Adeli
Download or read book Work Zone Speed Analysis Using Driving Simulator Data written by Arash Adeli and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigates drivers' behavior in the highway work zone by incorporating virtual data collected by a high fidelity driving simulator. The study specifically examined speed variations along the work zone and compliance with the speed limit. A large network of 154 square miles southwest of Baltimore was developed in driving simulator. Over 100 participants from different socioeconomic groups were recruited to run driving tests under the study scenarios. Speed analysis was performed in both aggregate and disaggregate levels in work zone and in the areas under the influence of work zone related signs. The results demonstrate that drivers significantly comply with the speed limit in work zone and reduced their speed as they approached the work zone. Evaluation of speed limit violators confronting the work zone and its associated signs reveals that the majority of speed limit violators comply with the speed limit. Age, road familiarity and experience had a significant impact on speed limit compliance in the work zone while education level, income level and gender didn't reveal a clear association. Study results showed that although most of the drivers increased their speed immediately after passing the work zone, the compliance rate with the speed limit increased in comparison with the upstream zone, which demonstrate a sustainable effect of work zone and its associated signs on speed limit compliance behavior. The findings of this study could benefit transportation agencies for proper design of work zones and practice to increase safety for workers and drivers by predicting driver behavior in work zones. -- Abstract.
Book Synopsis Estimating the Safety Effects of Work Zone Characteristics and Countermeasures by : Gerald L. Ullman
Download or read book Estimating the Safety Effects of Work Zone Characteristics and Countermeasures written by Gerald L. Ullman and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Speed-based Safety Analysis for Work Zones by : Yi Hou
Download or read book Speed-based Safety Analysis for Work Zones written by Yi Hou and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speed is one of the characteristics of traffic flow that affect accident rates and severity near work zones. Approximately 25% fatal crashes in work zones involved high speed. In speed-related work zone traffic safety study, 85th percentile speed is usually considered as the measures of effectiveness in evaluating speed management strategies. In order to determine the significance of the improvements of the measure of effectiveness, statistical methodology is applied. However, in spite of the wide use of the 85th percentile speed, statistical test for comparing percentile speeds from different groups of speed population is not as common as t-test and ANOVA for the mean speed. In this thesis, a standard normal Z statistical test for quantiles is derived based on Crammer's asymptotic distribution of sample quantiles. In addition, two research projects that motivated this methodology are presented as case studies of speed-based safety analysis for work zones, as well as excellent illustrations of this new methodology. One is the evaluation of the effectiveness of work zone speed limits. The other one is analysis of the sequential warning lights in night time work zone.
Book Synopsis Integrated Work Zone Safety Management System and Analysis Tools by : Jian John Lu
Download or read book Integrated Work Zone Safety Management System and Analysis Tools written by Jian John Lu and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Work Zone Safety Assessment and Throughput Analysis for High Volume Highways Using Random Parameter Models by : Seyedata Nahidi
Download or read book Work Zone Safety Assessment and Throughput Analysis for High Volume Highways Using Random Parameter Models written by Seyedata Nahidi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highways and freeways could be considered the most important transportation infrastructure in North America; these vital routes are necessary for the efficient haulage of huge amounts of goods and services. Several factors such as the high volume of heavy truck traffic as well as harsh winters in this region could result in a faster deterioration rate of the transportation infrastructures, specifically pavements. Transportation agencies, under the supervision of municipalities, are responsible to maintain, preserve, and reconstruct these segments. Applying the proper care results in a significant reduction in the number of observed conflicts and collisions on high-volume highways. Washington State Department of Transportation defines a work zone as, "...an area of a roadway with construction, maintenance, or utility work activities. A work zone is typically marked by signs, channelizing devices, barriers, pavement markings, and/or work vehicles." Based on previously conducted studies, work zones can significantly interrupt the regular traffic flow on highways. These interruptions can have adverse effects on the safety of the roads and increase the likelihood of undesirable conflicts and collisions. To avoid any unexpected work zone related safety concerns, Departments of Transportation in the US, as well as Ministries of Transportation in Canada, encourage agencies to propose detailed plans to minimize the queuing period and injury severity of work zone collisions; the most common strategy is to set up work zones at nighttime. Independent reports by the Ministry of Transportation Ontario (MTO) also identified that predicting the throughput, and the queuing length, as well as the queuing period, can significantly improve the planning stage, reduce the user delay costs, and increase work zone safety for workers and motorists. Statistical analyses and modelling are methods used to acquire information from historical data sets and gain a more realistic insight into future events with an acceptable confidence level. This research involves the statistical evaluation of work zones' safety and performance, along with comprehensive analyses of work zones' throughput in North America. To evaluate the different strategies, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Negative Binomial Regression (NBR) models were developed to identify the critical historical factors which affect the traffic throughput of work zones. For safety assessment of work zones, innovative random parameter approaches were adapted in combination with ordered probability models to produce robust and realistic results. Furthermore, the practicality and applicability of random parameter models were discussed to clarify the advantages of using these models. Random Parameter Negative Binomial (RPNB) and Random Parameter Ordered Logit (RPOL) models developed in this study were found to be the most accurate models for throughput and safety analysis, respectively. Also, the implementation of k-fold cross validation proved that the model predictions correlated well with historical data. Finally, a new approach for Random Parameter prediction was proposed which considers the similarity level between a potential event and historical data. Based on these evaluations, the overall feasibility of each strategy was examined. The results denoted several practical recommendations to decrease traffic congestion and create safer work zones. The random parameter negative binomial model for throughput analysis showed that to avoid queuing in work zones where there are two or more obstructed lanes, multiple short (less than 3 km) work zones are more efficient than longer ones; this factor increases the frequency of passing vehicles by 177 per hour per lane. Besides, weekend nights are found to be the most appropriate time to set up work zones. It is observed that weekend nighttime work zone set-ups increase the number of passing vehicles by 493 vehicles per hour per lane compared to other scenarios. In general, nighttime closures, occurring on any day during the week, are found to have a higher discharge rate in comparison with daytime closures. On highways with more than 20% truck traffic, it is expected to have 102 fewer vehicles passing through work zones due to the induced congestion. Similarly, random parameter ordered probability models identified several factors which are shown to have a statistically significant impact on work zone collisions' injury severity level. As an example, aggressive driving behaviours, e.g. failing to keep in the proper lane, running other drivers off the road, and tailgating, increase the major injury and fatal collisions' likelihood by 78%. The installation of traffic control devices, specifically warning signs, reduce the probability of fatalities by 14%. Moreover, alcohol and drug consumption increase the probability of fatal and major injury collisions by 36% based on random parameter ordered Logit model, so by enforcing strict laws many lives can be saved. After analysis, common practices and the author's recommendations for each significant factor in the selected models are discussed. Primarily, the prohibition of truck traffic, designing efficient detours, and installation of extra and more innovative traffic control devices prior to the work zones are recommended. It was also concluded that the most efficient way to have a safe and comfortable environment in work zones on high-volume highways is to encourage government, engineers, and motorists to collaborate. Collaboration could take the form of the public awareness campaigns, setting and enforcing effective laws and regulations, and assuring the proper implementation of existing guidelines. Last but not least, the accurate prediction of work zone throughput frequency at queuing time provided an appropriate context for better work zone planning to reduce the possible user delay cost. The outcome of this research was the development of a novel planning and decision-making tool (`smart form') to help engineers and contractors to evaluate the work zone safety of high-volume highways in North America.
