Improving Measures of Science, Technology, and Innovation

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309253926
Total Pages : 77 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving Measures of Science, Technology, and Innovation by : National Research Council

Download or read book Improving Measures of Science, Technology, and Innovation written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-02-17 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES), at the U.S. National Foundation, is 1 of 14 major statistical agencies in the federal government, of which at least 5 collect relevant information on science, technology, and innovation activities in the United States and abroad. The America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 expanded and codified NCSES's role as a U.S. federal statistical agency. Important aspects of the agency's mandate include collection, acquisition, analysis, and reporting and dissemination of data on research and development trends, on U.S. competitiveness in science, technology, and research and development, and on the condition and progress of U.S. science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. Improving Measures of Science, Technology and Innovation: Interim Report examines the status of the NCSES's science, technology, and innovation (STI) indicators. This report assesses and provides recommendations regarding the need for revised, refocused, and newly developed indicators designed to better reflect fundamental and rapid changes that are reshaping global science, technology and innovation systems. The book also determines the international scope of STI indicators and the need for developing new indicators that measure developments in innovative activities in the United States and abroad, and Offers foresight on the types of data, metrics and indicators that will be particularly influential in evidentiary policy decision-making for years to come. In carrying out its charge, the authoring panel undertook a broad and comprehensive review of STI indicators from different countries, including Japan, China, India and several countries in Europe, Latin America and Africa. Improving Measures of Science, Technology, and Innovation makes recommendations for near-term action by NCSES along two dimensions: (1) development of new policy-relevant indicators that are based on NCSES survey data or on data collections at other statistical agencies; and (2) exploration of new data extraction and management tools for generating statistics, using automated methods of harvesting unstructured or scientometric data and data derived from administrative records.

Capturing Change in Science, Technology, and Innovation

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309297448
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (974 download)

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Book Synopsis Capturing Change in Science, Technology, and Innovation by : Panel on Developing Science, Technology, and Innovation Indicators for the Future

Download or read book Capturing Change in Science, Technology, and Innovation written by Panel on Developing Science, Technology, and Innovation Indicators for the Future and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-06-08 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1950s, under congressional mandate, the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) - through its National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) and predecessor agencies - has produced regularly updated measures of research and development expenditures, employment and training in science and engineering, and other indicators of the state of U.S. science and technology. A more recent focus has been on measuring innovation in the corporate sector. NCSES collects its own data on science, technology, and innovation (STI) activities and also incorporates data from other agencies to produce indicators that are used for monitoring purposes - including comparisons among sectors, regions, and with other countries - and for identifying trends that may require policy attention and generate research needs. NCSES also provides extensive tabulations and microdata files for in-depth analysis. Capturing Change in Science, Technology, and Innovation assesses and provides recommendations regarding the need for revised, refocused, and newly developed indicators of STI activities that would enable NCSES to respond to changing policy concerns. This report also identifies and assesses both existing and potential data resources and tools that NCSES could exploit to further develop its indicators program. Finally, the report considers strategic pathways for NCSES to move forward with an improved STI indicators program. The recommendations offered in Capturing Change in Science, Technology, and Innovation are intended to serve as the basis for a strategic program of work that will enhance NCSES's ability to produce indicators that capture change in science, technology, and innovation to inform policy and optimally meet the needs of its user community.

Improving Measures of Science, Technology, and Innovation

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309253896
Total Pages : 77 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving Measures of Science, Technology, and Innovation by : National Research Council

Download or read book Improving Measures of Science, Technology, and Innovation written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-03-17 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES), at the U.S. National Foundation, is 1 of 14 major statistical agencies in the federal government, of which at least 5 collect relevant information on science, technology, and innovation activities in the United States and abroad. The America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 expanded and codified NCSES's role as a U.S. federal statistical agency. Important aspects of the agency's mandate include collection, acquisition, analysis, and reporting and dissemination of data on research and development trends, on U.S. competitiveness in science, technology, and research and development, and on the condition and progress of U.S. science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. Improving Measures of Science, Technology and Innovation: Interim Report examines the status of the NCSES's science, technology, and innovation (STI) indicators. This report assesses and provides recommendations regarding the need for revised, refocused, and newly developed indicators designed to better reflect fundamental and rapid changes that are reshaping global science, technology and innovation systems. The book also determines the international scope of STI indicators and the need for developing new indicators that measure developments in innovative activities in the United States and abroad, and Offers foresight on the types of data, metrics and indicators that will be particularly influential in evidentiary policy decision-making for years to come. In carrying out its charge, the authoring panel undertook a broad and comprehensive review of STI indicators from different countries, including Japan, China, India and several countries in Europe, Latin America and Africa. Improving Measures of Science, Technology, and Innovation makes recommendations for near-term action by NCSES along two dimensions: (1) development of new policy-relevant indicators that are based on NCSES survey data or on data collections at other statistical agencies; and (2) exploration of new data extraction and management tools for generating statistics, using automated methods of harvesting unstructured or scientometric data and data derived from administrative records.

Measuring Innovation A New Perspective

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Author :
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264059474
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Measuring Innovation A New Perspective by : OECD

Download or read book Measuring Innovation A New Perspective written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2010-05-25 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measuring Innovation is a major step towards evidence-based innovation policy making. It complements traditional “positioning”-type indicators with ones that show how innovation is, or could be, linked to policy.

OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2021 Times of Crisis and Opportunity

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Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264784322
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (647 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2021 Times of Crisis and Opportunity by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2021 Times of Crisis and Opportunity written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-01-12 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In immediate responses to the COVID-19 crisis, science and innovation are playing essential roles in providing a better scientific understanding of the virus, as well as in the development of vaccines, treatments and diagnostics. Both the public and private sectors have poured billions of dollars into these efforts, accompanied by unprecedented levels of global cooperation.

The Digitalisation of Science, Technology and Innovation Key Developments and Policies

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Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264501770
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (645 download)

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Book Synopsis The Digitalisation of Science, Technology and Innovation Key Developments and Policies by : OECD

Download or read book The Digitalisation of Science, Technology and Innovation Key Developments and Policies written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2020-02-11 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines digitalisation’s effects on science, technology and innovation and the associated consequences for policy. In varied and far-reaching ways, digital technologies are changing how scientists work, collaborate and publish.

Advancing Concepts and Models for Measuring Innovation

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309449510
Total Pages : 139 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Advancing Concepts and Models for Measuring Innovation by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Advancing Concepts and Models for Measuring Innovation written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-02-17 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of the role of innovation as a driver of economic productivity and growth and as a mechanism for improving people's well-being in other ways, understanding the nature,determinants, and impacts of innovation has become increasingly important to policy makers. To be effective, investment in innovation requires this understanding, which, in turn, requires measurement of the underlying inputs and subsequent outcomes of innovation processes. In May 2016, at the request of the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics of the National Science Foundation, the Committee on National Statistics of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop - bringing together academic researchers, private and public sector experts, and representatives from public policy agencies - to develop strategies for broadening and modernizing innovation information systems.This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the event.

A Framework for Science, Technology and Innovation Policy Reviews

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Author :
Publisher : United Nations
ISBN 13 : 9210039696
Total Pages : 53 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis A Framework for Science, Technology and Innovation Policy Reviews by : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)

Download or read book A Framework for Science, Technology and Innovation Policy Reviews written by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and published by United Nations. This book was released on 2020-06-23 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides a guide to the thinking that underpins the Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (STIP) Review programme of UNCTAD within the context of sustainable development and the 2030 Agenda. It has been written primarily for Member State governments that are considering or implementing STIP reviews as well as all those involved in UNCTAD intergovernmental mechanisms including the Commission on Science and Technology for Development (CSTD). It outlines the framework, the methods and the various possible steps in the implementation process of STIP Reviews and their expected short- and medium-term outcomes.

OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2018 Adapting to Technological and Societal Disruption

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Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264307575
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (643 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2018 Adapting to Technological and Societal Disruption by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2018 Adapting to Technological and Societal Disruption written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2018 is the twelfth edition in a series that biennially reviews key trends in science, technology and innovation (STI) policy in OECD countries and a number of major partner economies. The 14 chapters within this edition look at a range of ...

Science, Technology, Innovation, and Development in the Arab Countries

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Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128125780
Total Pages : 632 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Science, Technology, Innovation, and Development in the Arab Countries by : Omar Bizri

Download or read book Science, Technology, Innovation, and Development in the Arab Countries written by Omar Bizri and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-01-02 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science, Technology, Innovation, and Economic Growth in Arab Countries explores fresh approaches to STI policy formulation and implementation in the region, with applications to developing countries elsewhere. Developing useful contexts for studying Arab policies about science, technology, and innovation requires trustworthy data and judgment. Omar Bizri brings together both in this book. Data from sources such as the World Bank, UNESCO, the International Telecommunication Union, Nature, Science and recent surveys and policy formulation initiatives anchor this study among national initiatives that focus on essential needs, including safe water and food production, renewable energy utilization, and job and enterprise creation. For those eager to understand the challenges of STI capacity building, this book explores the many connections between technological change and economic growth. Presents and analyzes data about past, current and proposed efforts aimed at STI capacity building in Arab countries Emphasizes demand-driven policies for promoting rapid infrastructure and endogenous STI capacity building, as well as job creation Explores ways to enhance STI capacity building efforts through community-based and national initiatives Includes data from sources such as the World Bank, UNESCO, the International Telecommunication Union, Nature, Science and recent surveys

Analysis of Science, Technology, and Innovation in Emerging Economies

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Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9783030135805
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (358 download)

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Book Synopsis Analysis of Science, Technology, and Innovation in Emerging Economies by : Clara Inés Pardo Martínez

Download or read book Analysis of Science, Technology, and Innovation in Emerging Economies written by Clara Inés Pardo Martínez and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book outlines a number of different perspectives on the relationship between science, technology, and innovation in emerging economies. In it, the authors explore the aforementioned relationship as a pillar of economic development, driving growth in emerging economies. Employing a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach, the authors work to determine the main related factors and outcomes of the relationship between science, technology, and innovation, ultimately seeking to guide public policies to enhance the welfare of the population of an emerging economy.

What Do Science, Technology, and Innovation Mean from Africa?

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262533901
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis What Do Science, Technology, and Innovation Mean from Africa? by : Clapperton Chakanetsa Mavhunga

Download or read book What Do Science, Technology, and Innovation Mean from Africa? written by Clapperton Chakanetsa Mavhunga and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-06-16 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explorations of science, technology, and innovation in Africa not as the product of “technology transfer” from elsewhere but as the working of African knowledge. In the STI literature, Africa has often been regarded as a recipient of science, technology, and innovation rather than a maker of them. In this book, scholars from a range of disciplines show that STI in Africa is not merely the product of “technology transfer” from elsewhere but the working of African knowledge. Their contributions focus on African ways of looking, meaning-making, and creating. The chapter authors see Africans as intellectual agents whose perspectives constitute authoritative knowledge and whose strategic deployment of both endogenous and inbound things represents an African-centered notion of STI. “Things do not (always) mean the same from everywhere,” observes Clapperton Chakanetsa Mavhunga, the volume's editor. Western, colonialist definitions of STI are not universalizable. The contributors discuss topics that include the trivialization of indigenous knowledge under colonialism; the creative labor of chimurenga, the transformation of everyday surroundings into military infrastructure; the role of enslaved Africans in America as innovators and synthesizers; the African ethos of “fixing”; the constitutive appropriation that makes mobile technologies African; and an African innovation strategy that builds on domestic capacities. The contributions describe an Africa that is creative, technological, and scientific, showing that African STI is the latest iteration of a long process of accumulative, multicultural knowledge production. Contributors Geri Augusto, Shadreck Chirikure, Chux Daniels, Ron Eglash, Ellen Foster, Garrick E. Louis, D. A. Masolo, Clapperton Chakanetsa Mavhunga, Neda Nazemi, Toluwalogo Odumosu, Katrien Pype, Scott Remer

Measurement and Statistics on Science and Technology

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134326599
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (343 download)

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Book Synopsis Measurement and Statistics on Science and Technology by : Benoît Godin

Download or read book Measurement and Statistics on Science and Technology written by Benoît Godin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the rise of genomics, the life sciences have entered a new era. Maps of genomes have become the icons for a comprehensive knowledge of the organism on a previously unattained level of complexity. This book provides an in-depth history of mapping procedures as they were developed in classical genetics. The book shows that the technology of genetic mapping is by no means a recent acquisition of molecular genetics or even genetic engineering. It demonstrates that the development of mapping technologies has accompanied the rise of modern genetics from its very beginnings. In the first section, Mendelian genetics is set in perspective from the viewpoint of the detection and description of linkage phenomena. The second section addresses the role of mapping for the experimental working practice of classical geneticists, their social interactions, and for their laboratory "life worlds." With its detailed analyses of the scientific practices and its illustration of the diversity of mapping, this book is a significant contribution to the history of genetics. A companion volume from the same editors - From Molecular Genetics to Genomics: The mapping cultures of twentieth-cent genetics - covers the history of molecular genetics and genomics.

The Fundamental Role of Science and Technology in International Development

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309164737
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fundamental Role of Science and Technology in International Development by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Fundamental Role of Science and Technology in International Development written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-05-24 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In October 2003 the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Research Council (NRC) entered into a cooperative agreement. The agreement called for the NRC to examine selected aspects of U.S. foreign assistance activities-primarily the programs of the USAID-that have benefited or could benefit from access to strong science, technology, and medical capabilities in the United States or elsewhere. After considering the many aspects of the role of science and technology (S&T) in foreign assistance, the study led to the publication of The Fundamental Role of Science and Technology in International Development. In the book special attention is devoted to partnerships that involve the USAID together with international, regional, U.S. governmental, and private sector organizations in fields such as heath care, agriculture and nutrition, education and job creation, and energy and the environment. This book explores specific programmatic, organizational, and personnel reforms that would increase the effective use of S&T to meet the USAID's goals while supporting larger U.S. foreign policy objectives.

The Politics of Innovation

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190464143
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis The Politics of Innovation by : Mark Zachary Taylor

Download or read book The Politics of Innovation written by Mark Zachary Taylor and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-04 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are some countries better than others at science and technology (S&T)? Written in an approachable style, The Politics of Innovation provides readers from all backgrounds and levels of expertise a comprehensive introduction to the debates over national S&T competitiveness. It synthesizes over fifty years of theory and research on national innovation rates, bringing together the current political and economic wisdom, and latest findings, about how nations become S&T leaders. Many experts mistakenly believe that domestic institutions and policies determine national innovation rates. However, after decades of research, there is still no agreement on precisely how this happens, exactly which institutions matter, and little aggregate evidence has been produced to support any particular explanation. Yet, despite these problems, a core faith in a relationship between domestic institutions and national innovation rates remains widely held and little challenged. The Politics of Innovation confronts head-on this contradiction between theory, evidence, and the popularity of the institutions-innovation hypothesis. It presents extensive evidence to show that domestic institutions and policies do not determine innovation rates. Instead, it argues that social networks are as important as institutions in determining national innovation rates. The Politics of Innovation also introduces a new theory of "creative insecurity" which explains how institutions, policies, and networks are all subservient to politics. It argues that, ultimately, each country's balance of domestic rivalries vs. external threats, and the ensuing political fights, are what drive S&T competitiveness. In making its case, The Politics of Innovation draws upon statistical analysis and comparative case studies of the United States, Japan, South Korea, China, Taiwan, Thailand, the Philippines, Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Canada, Turkey, Israel, Russia and a dozen countries across Western Europe.

Innovation Inducement Prizes at the National Science Foundation

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309104653
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Innovation Inducement Prizes at the National Science Foundation by : National Research Council

Download or read book Innovation Inducement Prizes at the National Science Foundation written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-04-21 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following a congressional directive in its FY 2006 Appropriations Act, the National Science Foundation asked the STEP Board to "propose a plan for administering prizes to individuals or teams that achieve novel solutions to specified social or research needs or capitalize on recognized research opportunities." A committee under the STEP Board concluded that an ambitious program of innovation inducement prize contests would be a sound investment in strengthening the infrastructure for U.S. innovation and that NSF, although inexperienced, is well suited to designing an experimental program that could add substantially to understanding regarding the appropriate goals of such contests, the motivations of participants and sponsors, and the rules and conditions that contribute to successful contests. The committee recommends that NSF start off with a series of small-scale prizes ($200K - $2M) in diverse areas while beginning to plan for much more ambitious contests ($3M-$30M) that would address significant economic or social challenges and be conducted over several years. The report addresses many of the generic issues that arise in administering innovation prize contests (types of contests, eligibility to participate, disposition of intellectual property rights, and decisions regarding awards) and explores 7 research and technology fields that might lend themselves to prize contests.

OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015 Innovation for growth and society

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Author :
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264239782
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (642 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015 Innovation for growth and society by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015 Innovation for growth and society written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2015-10-19 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science, technology and innovation – which foster competitiveness, productivity and job creation – are important mechanisms for encouraging sustainable growth.