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Impacts Of Medusahead Elymus Caput Medusae L Management On Plant Communities In Californias Valley Grasslands
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Book Synopsis A Study of Medusa-head Rye, Elymus Caput-medusae (L.), Including Some of the Morphological and Physiological Factors Influencing Its Growth and Distribution, and Determining Some Possible Methods for Its Control on Idaho Ranges by : Robert Stuart Parish
Download or read book A Study of Medusa-head Rye, Elymus Caput-medusae (L.), Including Some of the Morphological and Physiological Factors Influencing Its Growth and Distribution, and Determining Some Possible Methods for Its Control on Idaho Ranges written by Robert Stuart Parish and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Genetic and Morphological Variation in Taeniatherum Caput-medusae (medusahead) by : Morgan Lindsey Peters
Download or read book Genetic and Morphological Variation in Taeniatherum Caput-medusae (medusahead) written by Morgan Lindsey Peters and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Invasive species are novel to a region, thus their timely and accurate identification is a critical first step in recognizing and managing the threats that they may present in their new habitats. Accurate identification of an introduced species in its new range can prove difficult however for a species that displays taxonomic complexity in its native range, i.e. consists of multiple, morphologically similar subspecies. Across its native range, Taeniatherum caput-medusae (medusahead) exhibits taxonomic complexity. Three subspecies have been recognized: T. caput-medusae ssp. caput-medusae, T. caput-medusae ssp.asperum, and T. caput-medusae ssp. crinitum. While subspecies caput-medusae is found in the western Mediterranean and subspecies crinitum occurs from eastern Europe to Central Asia, subspecies asperum is distributed across the geographic distribution of the species. Only subspecies asperum is believe to occur in the United States, where it is now invasive in portions of California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and Washington. As part of ongoing research to better understand and manage this invasion, genetic analyses of both native and invasive populations of medusahead were conducted. An important prerequisite to these analyses is the proper identification of the three subspecies. In the current study, plants from each native population were grown in a greenhouse common garden, harvested at maturity, and measured using previously described morphological characters. After Bonferroni correction, three characters, glume length, glume angle, and palea length, were found to be statistically significant. Thus, these three characters were quite useful in assigning plants to each of the three subspecies. I found that two other characters, lemma hairs and conical cells, were less informative. Differentiation among native populations of medusahead was further assessed using a molecular genetic marker. The results of a UPGMA cluster diagram based on allozyme data indicates that subspecies crinitum is genetically differentiated from the other two, some populations of subspecies caput-medusae and asperum co-occur within different clusters, and subspecies asperum is the most variable. Results of the analysis of multilocus genotypes are generally consistent with the UPGMA diagram (e.g., subspecies caput-medusae and asperum share six multilocus genotypes). This research confirms the need of such studies to disentangle the taxonomic complexity that can be found in the native range of invasive species. The results of an earlier allozyme analysis were consistent with the genetic signature associated with multiple introductions, although this finding can only be confirmed with the analysis of native populations. In the current study, I compared allozyme diversity in native and invasive populations of medusahead to: identify the geographic origin(s) for the U.S. invasion, test the multiple introduction hypothesis, and determine the genetic consequences of these events. Five of the seven homozygous multilocus genotypes previously observed in the western U.S. have been detected in native populations. The geographic origins for these introductions appear to have been drawn from France, Sardinia, Greece, and Turkey, although additional analyses are ongoing. These findings provide support for the multiple introduction hypothesis. Results of this study have implications for the biological control of medusahead: i) the search for effective and specific biological control agents will have to occur broadly across the species' native range, ii) multiple agents may be required to control invasive populations that are admixtures, and iii) because invasive population are genetically depauperate, highly adapted biocontrol agents are likely to be quite effective."--Boise State University ScholarWorks.
Book Synopsis Effects of Herbicides, Burning, and Reseeding of Desirable Forages for Control of Medusahead (Taeniatherum Caput-medusae) by : Travis M. Osmond
Download or read book Effects of Herbicides, Burning, and Reseeding of Desirable Forages for Control of Medusahead (Taeniatherum Caput-medusae) written by Travis M. Osmond and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis California Grasslands by : Mark R. Stromberg
Download or read book California Grasslands written by Mark R. Stromberg and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2007-12-03 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This highly synthetic and scholarly work brings together new and important scientific contributions by leading experts on a rich diversity of topics concerning the history, ecology, and conservation of California's endangered grasslands. The editors and authors have succeeded admirably in drawing from a great wealth of recent research to produce a widely accessible and compelling, state-of-the-art treatment of this fascinating subject. Anyone interested in Californian biodiversity or grassland ecosystems in general will find this book to be an invaluable resource and a major inspiration for further research, management, and restoration efforts."—Bruce G. Baldwin, W. L. Jepson Professor and Curator, UC Berkeley "Grasses and grasslands are among the most important elements of the California landscape. This is their book, embodying the kind of integrated view needed for all ecological communities in California. Approaches ranging across an incredibly broad spectrum -- paleontology and human history; basic science and practical management techniques; systematics, community ecology, physiology, and genetics; physical factors such as water, soil nutrients, atmospherics, and fire; biological factors such as competition, symbiosis, and grazing -- are nicely tied together due to careful editorial work. This is an indispensable reference for everyone interested in the California environment."—Brent Mishler, Director of the University & Jepson Herbaria and Professor of Integrative Biology, UC Berkeley "The structure and function of California grasslands have intrigued ecologists for decades. The editors of this volume have assembled a comprehensive set of reviews by a group of outstanding authors on the natural history, structure, management, and restoration of this economically and ecologically important ecosystem."—Scott L. Collins, Professor of Biology, University of New Mexico
Book Synopsis Responses of Submersed Vascular Plant Communities to Environmental Change, Summary by : Graham J. Davis
Download or read book Responses of Submersed Vascular Plant Communities to Environmental Change, Summary written by Graham J. Davis and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis California Range Land by : Lee T. Burcham
Download or read book California Range Land written by Lee T. Burcham and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In one sense, L.T. Burcham's "California Range Land" is a history of California. For, while providing a succinct analysis of the evolution of California range lands, his work is much more. Beginning with some of the earliest written records on New Spain, he has woven a historical account of California's vegetation, livestock, cultures, and climates into a fabric that is the basis for what much of California is today"-G. James West
Book Synopsis Identifying the Geographic Origins for the Introduction of Taeniatherum Caput-medusae Subsp. Asperum (medusehead) in the Western United States by : Shane Kurtis Skaar
Download or read book Identifying the Geographic Origins for the Introduction of Taeniatherum Caput-medusae Subsp. Asperum (medusehead) in the Western United States written by Shane Kurtis Skaar and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The use of molecular markers can provide insights into the demographic and evolutionary processes that have shaped the genetic diversity of native populations and can be used to identify an invasive species' geographic origins. Taeniatherum caput-medusae subsp. asperum (medusahead) is a cleistogamous, diploid, annual grass native toEurasia that is now invasive in the western United States (U.S.). Enzyme electrophoresis methods (allozymes) have previously been used to analyze both native and invasive populations of medusahead. Results from these studies suggest that the invasion of medusahead in the westernU.S. stems from multiple introduction events. In addition, 10 of 34 populations from across the native range of the species possessed multilocus genotypes that match some of those detected in invasive populations, with six of these putative source populations located inGreece andNorthwestern Turkey. The overall objective of the current study is to better circumscribe the geographic origins for this invasion through allozyme analysis of 48 native populations of medusahead from Southeastern Europe (Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Northwestern Turkey, and Ukraine) and South-central Turkey. Among the 48 native populations I analyzed, a total of 35 multilocus genotypes were detected, with four of these genotypes matching those previously reported among invasive populations. Forty of the 48 (83.3%) native populations contained at least one individual with a multilocus genotype matching a genotype reported among invasive populations. The 48 populations from Southeastern Europe andSouth-central Turkey exhibit less genetic structure and display lower levels of genetic diversity compared with the 34 native populations previously analyzed. Also, the genetic diversity of these 48 populations is not geographically structured; it does not conform to an isolation-by-distance pattern. Taken together, results from this study suggest that the geographic origins of this invasion occur broadly across the study region. In addition, the genetic diversity of these 48 native populations appears to be influenced by stochastic demographic processes in which an individual or individuals with various genotypes randomly colonizes disturbed sites and establishes a population. This process has led to an intermixing of genotypes within and among populations across the study area. Because allozymes typical underestimate the genetic diversity of populations, the findings of this study should be assessed using a molecular marker with greater resolving power (i.e., amplified fragment length analysis)."--Boise State University ScholarWorks.
Book Synopsis Biotic Communities by : David Earl Brown
Download or read book Biotic Communities written by David Earl Brown and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotic Communities catalogs and defines by biome, or biotic community, the region centered on Arizona, New Mexico, Sonora, Chihuahua, and Baja California Norte, plus portions of California, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Texas, Coahuila, Sinaloa, and Baja California Sur. This ambitious guide is an essential companion for anyone working in natural resources management and ecological research, as well as nonspecialists looking for solid information about a particular southwestern locale. Biotic Communities is arranged by climatic formation with a short chapter for each biome describing climate, physiognomy, distribution, dominant and common plant species, and characteristic vertebrates. Subsequent chapters contain careful descriptions of zonal subdivisions.
Book Synopsis The Landscape Ecology of Fire by : Donald McKenzie
Download or read book The Landscape Ecology of Fire written by Donald McKenzie and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-04 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global warming is expected to change fire regimes, likely increasing the severity and extent of wildfires in many ecosystems around the world. What will be the landscape-scale effects of these altered fire regimes? Within what theoretical contexts can we accurately assess these effects? We explore the possible effects of altered fire regimes on landscape patch dynamics, dominant species (tree, shrub, or herbaceous) and succession, sensitive and invasive plant and animal species and communities, and ecosystem function. Ultimately, we must consider the human dimension: what are the policy and management implications of increased fire disturbance, and what are the implications for human communities?
Book Synopsis Revegetation Guidelines for the Great Basin by :
Download or read book Revegetation Guidelines for the Great Basin written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific Investigations Report by : Sharon E. Kroening
Download or read book Scientific Investigations Report written by Sharon E. Kroening and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Integrated Pest Management by : David Pimentel
Download or read book Integrated Pest Management written by David Pimentel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-04-10 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book deals with the present state and problems of integrated pest management as relating to stakeholder acceptance of IPM and how integrated pest management can become a sustainable practice. The discussions include using less pesticides and the possibility of eliminating pesticides from agricultural practice.
Book Synopsis Conversion of Chaparral Areas to Grassland by : Jay Russell Bentley
Download or read book Conversion of Chaparral Areas to Grassland written by Jay Russell Bentley and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marin Flora written by John Thomas Howell and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1970-01-01 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wildland Fire in Ecosystems written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This state-of-knowledge review about the effects of fire on soils and water can assist land and fire managers with information on the physical, chemical, and biological effects of fire needed to successfully conduct ecosystem management, and effectively inform others about the role and impacts of wildland fire. Chapter topics include the soil resource, soil physical properties and fire, soil chemistry effects, soil biology responses, the hydrologic cycle and water resources, water quality, aquatic biology, fire effects on wetland and riparian systems, fire effects models, and watershed rehabilitation.
Book Synopsis A Manual of California Vegetation by : John Orvel Sawyer
Download or read book A Manual of California Vegetation written by John Orvel Sawyer and published by California Native Plant Society. This book was released on 2009 with total page 1316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of the Indians of California by : Alfred Louis Kroeber
Download or read book Handbook of the Indians of California written by Alfred Louis Kroeber and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 1976-01-01 with total page 1124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major ethnographic work by a distinguished anthropologist contains detailed information on the social structures, homes, foods, crafts, religious beliefs, and folkways of California's diverse tribes