Impact Of The Wic Program On The Infant Formula Market

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Review of WIC Food Packages

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309450160
Total Pages : 1063 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Review of WIC Food Packages by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Review of WIC Food Packages written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-06-25 with total page 1063 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) began 40 years ago as a pilot program and has since grown to serve over 8 million pregnant women, and mothers of and their infants and young children. Today the program serves more than a quarter of the pregnant women and half of the infants in the United States, at an annual cost of about $6.2 billion. Through its contribution to the nutritional needs of pregnant, breastfeeding, and post-partum women; infants; and children under 5 years of age; this federally supported nutrition assistance program is integral to meeting national nutrition policy goals for a significant portion of the U.S. population. To assure the continued success of the WIC, Congress mandated that the Food and Nutrition Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) reevaluate the program's food packages every 10 years. In 2014, the USDA asked the Institute of Medicine to undertake this reevaluation to ensure continued alignment with the goals of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. In this third report, the committee provides its final analyses, recommendations, and the supporting rationale.

Review of WIC Food Packages

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309380006
Total Pages : 587 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Review of WIC Food Packages by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Review of WIC Food Packages written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-08-06 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) began 40 years ago as a pilot program and has since grown to serve over 8 million pregnant women, and mothers of and their infants and young children. Today the program serves more than a quarter of the pregnant women and half of the infants in the United States, at an annual cost of about $6.2 billion. Through its contribution to the nutritional needs of pregnant, breastfeeding, and post-partum women; infants; and children under 5 years of age; this federally supported nutrition assistance program is integral to meeting national nutrition policy goals for a significant portion of the U.S. population. To assure the continued success of the WIC, Congress mandated that the Food and Nutrition Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) reevaluate the program's food packages every 10 years. In 2014, the USDA asked the Institute of Medicine to undertake this reevaluation to ensure continued alignment with the goals of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. This, the second report of this series, provides a summary of the work of phase I of the study, and serves as the analytical underpinning for phase II in which the committee will report its final conclusions and recommendations.

Skimmed

Author : Andrea Freeman
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 1503610810
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Skimmed by : Andrea Freeman

Download or read book Skimmed written by Andrea Freeman and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2019-12-03 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Born into a tenant farming family in North Carolina in 1946, Mary Louise, Mary Ann, Mary Alice, and Mary Catherine were medical miracles. Annie Mae Fultz, a Black-Cherokee woman who lost her ability to hear and speak in childhood, became the mother of America's first surviving set of identical quadruplets. They were instant celebrities. Their White doctor named them after his own family members. He sold the rights to use the sisters for marketing purposes to the highest-bidding formula company. The girls lived in poverty, while Pet Milk's profits from a previously untapped market of Black families skyrocketed. Over half a century later, baby formula is a seventy-billion-dollar industry and Black mothers have the lowest breastfeeding rates in the country. Since slavery, legal, political, and societal factors have routinely denied Black women the ability to choose how to feed their babies. In Skimmed, Andrea Freeman tells the riveting story of the Fultz quadruplets while uncovering how feeding America's youngest citizens is awash in social, legal, and cultural inequalities. This book highlights the making of a modern public health crisis, the four extraordinary girls whose stories encapsulate a nationwide injustice, and how we can fight for a healthier future.

Infant Formula

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309185505
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Infant Formula by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Infant Formula written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-06-10 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infant formulas are unique because they are the only source of nutrition for many infants during the first 4 to 6 months of life. They are critical to infant health since they must safely support growth and development during a period when the consequences on inadequate nutrition are most severe. Existing guidelines and regulations for evaluating the safety of conventional food ingredients (e.g., vitamins and minerals) added to infant formulas have worked well in the past; however they are not sufficient to address the diversity of potential new ingredients proposed by manufacturers to develop formulas that mimic the perceived and potential benefits of human milk. This book, prepared at the request of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Health Canada, addresses the regulatory and research issues that are critical in assessing the safety of the addition of new ingredients to infants.

Beyond Health, Beyond Choice

Author : Paige Hall Smith
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 0813553164
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Health, Beyond Choice by : Paige Hall Smith

Download or read book Beyond Health, Beyond Choice written by Paige Hall Smith and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-15 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current public health promotion of breastfeeding relies heavily on health messaging and individual behavior change. Women are told that “breast is best” but too little serious attention is given to addressing the many social, economic, and political factors that combine to limit women’s real choice to breastfeed beyond a few days or weeks. The result: women’s, infants’, and public health interests are undermined. Beyond Health, Beyond Choice examines how feminist perspectives can inform public health support for breastfeeding. Written by authors from diverse disciplines, perspectives, and countries, this collection of essays is arranged thematically and considers breastfeeding in relation to public health and health care; work and family; embodiment (specifically breastfeeding in public); economic and ethnic factors; guilt; violence; and commercialization. By examining women’s experiences and bringing feminist insights to bear on a public issue, the editors attempt to reframe the discussion to better inform public health approaches and political action. Doing so can help us recognize the value of breastfeeding for the public’s health and the important productive and reproductive contributions women make to the world.

The Infant Formula Market: Consequences of a Change in the WIC Contract Brand

Author : Victor J. Oliveira
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (754 download)

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Book Synopsis The Infant Formula Market: Consequences of a Change in the WIC Contract Brand by : Victor J. Oliveira

Download or read book The Infant Formula Market: Consequences of a Change in the WIC Contract Brand written by Victor J. Oliveira and published by . This book was released on 2012-06-12 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) is the major purchaser of infant formula in the United States. To reduce cost to the WIC program, each State awards a sole-source contract to a formula manufacturer to provide its product to WIC participants in the State. As part of the contract, the WIC State agency receives rebates from the manufacturers. In this study, we use 2004-09 Nielsen scanner-based retail sales data from over 7,000 stores in 30 States to examine the effect of winning a WIC sole-source contract on infant formula manufacturers' market share in supermarkets. We find that the manufacturer holding the WIC contract brand accounted for the vast majority-84 percent-of all formula sold by the top three manufacturers. The impact of a switch in the manufacturer that holds the WIC contract was considerable. The market share of the manufacturer of the new WIC contract brand increased by an average 74 percentage points after winning the contract. Most of this increase was a direct effect of WIC recipients switching to the new WIC contract brand. However, manufacturers also realized a spillover effect from winning the WIC contract whereby sales of formula purchased outside of the program also increased.

WIC and the Retail Price of Infant Formula

Author : Victor J. Oliveira
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (117 download)

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Book Synopsis WIC and the Retail Price of Infant Formula by : Victor J. Oliveira

Download or read book WIC and the Retail Price of Infant Formula written by Victor J. Oliveira and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States

Author : National Bureau of Economic Research
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226533568
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (335 download)

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Book Synopsis Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States by : National Bureau of Economic Research

Download or read book Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States written by National Bureau of Economic Research and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2003-10-15 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few United States government programs are as controversial as those designed to aid the poor. From tax credits to medical assistance, aid to needy families is surrounded by debate—on what benefits should be offered, what forms they should take, and how they should be administered. The past few decades, in fact, have seen this debate lead to broad transformations of aid programs themselves, with Aid to Families with Dependent Children replaced by Temporary Assistance to Needy Families, the Earned Income Tax Credit growing from a minor program to one of the most important for low-income families, and Medicaid greatly expanding its eligibility. This volume provides a remarkable overview of how such programs actually work, offering an impressive wealth of information on the nation's nine largest "means-tested" programs—that is, those in which some test of income forms the basis for participation. For each program, contributors describe origins and goals, summarize policy histories and current rules, and discuss the recipient's characteristics as well as the different types of benefits they receive. Each chapter then provides an overview of scholarly research on each program, bringing together the results of the field's most rigorous statistical examinations. The result is a fascinating portrayal of the evolution and current state of means-tested programs, one that charts a number of shifts in emphasis—the decline of cash assistance, for instance, and the increasing emphasis on work. This exemplary portrait of the nation's safety net will be an invaluable reference for anyone interested in American social policy.

Vibrant and Healthy Kids

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309493382
Total Pages : 621 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Vibrant and Healthy Kids by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Vibrant and Healthy Kids written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-12-27 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children are the foundation of the United States, and supporting them is a key component of building a successful future. However, millions of children face health inequities that compromise their development, well-being, and long-term outcomes, despite substantial scientific evidence about how those adversities contribute to poor health. Advancements in neurobiological and socio-behavioral science show that critical biological systems develop in the prenatal through early childhood periods, and neurobiological development is extremely responsive to environmental influences during these stages. Consequently, social, economic, cultural, and environmental factors significantly affect a child's health ecosystem and ability to thrive throughout adulthood. Vibrant and Healthy Kids: Aligning Science, Practice, and Policy to Advance Health Equity builds upon and updates research from Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity (2017) and From Neurons to Neighborhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development (2000). This report provides a brief overview of stressors that affect childhood development and health, a framework for applying current brain and development science to the real world, a roadmap for implementing tailored interventions, and recommendations about improving systems to better align with our understanding of the significant impact of health equity.

Breastfeeding

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Breastfeeding by :

Download or read book Breastfeeding written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Rethinking WIC

Author : Douglas J. Besharov
Publisher : American Enterprise Institute
ISBN 13 : 9780844741499
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (414 download)

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Book Synopsis Rethinking WIC by : Douglas J. Besharov

Download or read book Rethinking WIC written by Douglas J. Besharov and published by American Enterprise Institute. This book was released on 2001 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the research on the effectiveness of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children.

Updating the USDA National Breastfeeding Campaign

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309219191
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Updating the USDA National Breastfeeding Campaign by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Updating the USDA National Breastfeeding Campaign written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-11-14 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Support for breastfeeding has been a priority of the WIC program since its inception in the 1970s. The Loving Support Makes Breastfeeding Work campaign, which the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Food and Nutrition Services launched in 1997, emphasizes key components needed for a breastfeeding mother to be successful. More than a decade after the campaign began, USDA wants to update it, taking into account changes in the WIC program, participants, and technology. On April 26, 2011, the IOM hosted a workshop to bring together experts to discuss what has changed since Loving Support began, lessons learned from other public health campaigns, and suggestions for where to take the campaign in the future.

A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030930783X
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System by : National Research Council

Download or read book A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-06-17 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How we produce and consume food has a bigger impact on Americans' well-being than any other human activity. The food industry is the largest sector of our economy; food touches everything from our health to the environment, climate change, economic inequality, and the federal budget. From the earliest developments of agriculture, a major goal has been to attain sufficient foods that provide the energy and the nutrients needed for a healthy, active life. Over time, food production, processing, marketing, and consumption have evolved and become highly complex. The challenges of improving the food system in the 21st century will require systemic approaches that take full account of social, economic, ecological, and evolutionary factors. Policy or business interventions involving a segment of the food system often have consequences beyond the original issue the intervention was meant to address. A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System develops an analytical framework for assessing effects associated with the ways in which food is grown, processed, distributed, marketed, retailed, and consumed in the United States. The framework will allow users to recognize effects across the full food system, consider all domains and dimensions of effects, account for systems dynamics and complexities, and choose appropriate methods for analysis. This report provides example applications of the framework based on complex questions that are currently under debate: consumption of a healthy and safe diet, food security, animal welfare, and preserving the environment and its resources. A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System describes the U.S. food system and provides a brief history of its evolution into the current system. This report identifies some of the real and potential implications of the current system in terms of its health, environmental, and socioeconomic effects along with a sense for the complexities of the system, potential metrics, and some of the data needs that are required to assess the effects. The overview of the food system and the framework described in this report will be an essential resource for decision makers, researchers, and others to examine the possible impacts of alternative policies or agricultural or food processing practices.

WIC Nutrition Risk Criteria

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309053854
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis WIC Nutrition Risk Criteria by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book WIC Nutrition Risk Criteria written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-06-10 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the scientific basis for nutrition risk criteria used to establish eligibility for participation in the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). The volume also examines the specific segments of the WIC population at risk for each criterion, identifies gaps in the scientific knowledge base, formulates recommendations regarding appropriate criteria, and where applicable, recommends values for determining who is at risk for each criterion. Recommendations for program action and research are made to strengthen the validity of nutrition risk criteria used in the WIC program.

Feeding Infants and Children from Birth to 24 Months

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309675383
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Feeding Infants and Children from Birth to 24 Months by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Feeding Infants and Children from Birth to 24 Months written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-09-28 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recommendations for feeding infants and young children have changed substantially over time owing to scientific advances, cultural influences, societal trends, and other factors. At the same time, stronger approaches to reviewing and synthesizing scientific evidence have evolved, such that there are now established protocols for developing evidence-based health recommendations. However, not all authoritative bodies have used such approaches for developing infant feeding guidance, and for many feeding questions there is little or no sound evidence available to guide best practices, despite the fact that research on infant and young child feeding has expanded in recent decades. Summarizing the current landscape of feeding recommendations for infants and young children can reveal the level of consistency of existing guidance, shed light on the types of evidence that underpin each recommendation, and provide insight into the feasibility of harmonizing guidelines. Feeding Infants and Children from Birth to 24 Months collects, compares, and summarizes existing recommendations on what and how to feed infants and young children from birth to 24 months of age. This report makes recommendations to stakeholders on strategies for communicating and disseminating feeding recommendations.

Economics of Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States, Volume I

Author : Robert A. Moffitt
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022637047X
Total Pages : 421 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (263 download)

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Book Synopsis Economics of Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States, Volume I by : Robert A. Moffitt

Download or read book Economics of Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States, Volume I written by Robert A. Moffitt and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2016-11-16 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "These two volumes update the earlier Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States with a discussion of the changes in means-tested government programs and the results of new research over the past decade. A number of these programs have seen substantial increases in expenditures, including Medicaid, the Earned Income Tax Credit, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, and subsidized housing programs. For each program, the contributors describe its origins and goals, summarize its history and current rules, and discuss recipients' characteristics and the types of benefits they receive."--Publisher's description.

Global Perspectives on Childhood Obesity

Author : Debasis Bagchi
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 008096172X
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Perspectives on Childhood Obesity by : Debasis Bagchi

Download or read book Global Perspectives on Childhood Obesity written by Debasis Bagchi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-10-12 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the complex factors contributing to the growing childhood obesity epidemic is vital not only for the improved health of the world's future generations, but for the healthcare system. The impact of childhood obesity reaches beyond the individual family and into the public arenas of social systems and government policy and programs. Global Perspectives on Childhood Obesity explores these with an approach that considers the current state of childhood obesity around the world as well as future projections, the most highly cited factors contributing to childhood obesity, what it means for the future both for children and society, and suggestions for steps to address and potentially prevent childhood obesity. - This book will cover the multi-faceted factors contributing to the rapidly growing childhood obesity epidemic - The underlying causes and current status of rapidly growing obesity epidemic in children in the global scenario will be discussed - The strategies for childhood obesity prevention and treatment such as physical activity and exercise, personalized nutrition plans and school and community involvement will be presented