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Author : Bruno Guigas
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889764125
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)
Download or read book Immune Regulation of Metabolic Homeostasis written by Bruno Guigas and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-06-23 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Musik written by and published by . This book was released on 1888 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Bin Li
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9402411704
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (24 download)
Download or read book Immune Metabolism in Health and Tumor written by Bin Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-05 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a broad overview of the concepts and research findings in immunometabolism. The immune system is made up of numerous different cell types, pathways, and components that must be able to respond rapidly to a pathogen or cancer, but must also remain quiescent in the absence of challenges. Immune cells rely on metabolic pathways to adapt to changing environments and stimuli. Additionally, these cells can be modified in function or fate by fluctuations in available nutrients. The chapters in this book describe ways in which immune cells utilize and are regulated by metabolic pathways. Topics include how immune-cell metabolism shapes immune homeostasis, and how dysregulation of these pathways can lead to immune disorders. In different contexts, such as a tumor microenvironment, immune-cell function and identity may be modified not only by cytokines and checkpoint molecules, but also by nutrient availability and other metabolic stimuli. Transcriptional reprogramming confers many of the changes in immune cell metabolism that are seen when a T-cell, for example, undergoes activation or functional adaptation to different environments. Lastly, immune cells can destructively or protectively participate in human metabolic homeostasis or disorders. This book summarizes immune-metabolism from a variety of different perspectives, including the ways in which metabolic cues, pathways, and requirements of immune cells change in conditions of homeostasis and activation. The exploration of the significance of metabolic checkpoints and other cues, particularly in the context of cancer and immune disorders, may form the foundation for the development of therapeutics.
Author : William C. Gause
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1493929119
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (939 download)
Download or read book The Th2 Type Immune Response in Health and Disease written by William C. Gause and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-08 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The type 2 immune response that develops during infectious disease has undergone major paradigm shifts in the last several years as new cell types and pathways have been identified. It is now clear that the type 2 immune response, characterized by elevations in specific cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, is associated with helminth infections in both humans and mice. This response is complex and includes effector functions that mediate resistance, contributing to expulsion and in some cases destruction, of the parasite. But just as importantly, the type 2 immune response can also mediate tolerance mechanisms, which can mitigate tissue injury as these large multicellular parasites transit through vital organs. The tolerance mechanisms include both tissue repair and immune regulatory effects. These latter aspects of the helminth-induced type 2 immune response are increasingly recognized as a potential resource that can be mined for the development of novel immunotherapies that may enhance wound healing, control of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and regulation of metabolic homeostasis. In this book, leading researchers in this exciting and dynamic field discuss the latest findings and emerging concepts, providing an intellectual framework that can be used as a basis for new discoveries and potentially new treatments for diseases associated with inflammation.
Author : Maya Evelyn Kotas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (83 download)
Download or read book Investigations Into the Role of the Immune System in Metabolic Homeostasis and Disease written by Maya Evelyn Kotas and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jason Collier
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3036509267
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (365 download)
Download or read book Islet Inflammation and Metabolic Homeostasis written by Jason Collier and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a resource for the science or medical professional interested in islet biology. With a mix of review articles and studies showing primary data, new advances in islet inflammation and metabolic homeostasis are highlighted. The topics are succinctly presented by distinct viewpoints. An introduction to the Special Issue, with summaries of the studies included, is provided by the Guest Editors.
Author : Duncan Howie
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889457257
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)
Download or read book Metabolism and Immune Tolerance written by Duncan Howie and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-01-21 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically the study of the immune system and metabolism have been two very separate fields. In recent years, a growing literature has emerged illustrating how the multiple processes of cellular metabolism are intricately linked to several aspects of immune function and development. This Research Topic covers recent progress in the field now known as “Immunometabolism” and the role of metabolism in immune tolerance. Immune tolerance is operationally defined as a state where a host’s immune system is balanced such that although self-reactive lymphocytes are present, they are kept in check by immune regulation. Perturbations to this homeostasis may result in self-reactive lymphocytes gaining the upper hand and mediating auto-immune disease. Maintenance of immune tolerance involves a large cast of different cell types including effector T cells, regulatory T cells, B cells, stromal cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. Intracellular pathways and individual enzymes of metabolism have been shown to be harnessed by cells of both the adaptive and innate immune system to allow particular immune functions to be achieved. Examples include metabolic enzymes serving ‘moonlighting’ functions in mRNA translation, gene splicing, and kinase activation. Other examples include the requirement for de novo fatty acid synthesis for differentiation into Th17 effectors and CD8 memory T cells or products of the TCA cycle promoting pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Likewise, the availability of extracellular metabolic substrates has a large impact on the maintenance of local immune tolerance. For example, there are different requirements for glucose, glutamine and fatty acids for effector versus regulatory T cell development. Also tolerogenic dendritic cells mediate lowering of extracellular essential amino acids by their enhanced catabolism, promoting the induction of regulatory T cells. The purpose of this Research Topic is to provide an update on the current understanding of the multiple roles for metabolism in regulating the immune system.
Author : Claudio Mauro
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889196224
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)
Download or read book The Metabolic Challenges of Immune Cells in Health and Disease written by Claudio Mauro and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-07-13 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Obesity and its co-morbidities, including atherosclerosis, insulin resistance and diabetes, are a world-wide epidemic. Inflammatory immune responses in metabolic tissues have emerged as a universal feature of these metabolic disorders. While initial work highlighted the contribution of macrophages to tissue inflammation and insulin resistance, recent studies demonstrate that cells of the adaptive immune compartment, including T and B lymphocytes and dendritic cells also participate in obesity-induced pathogenesis of these conditions. However, the molecular and cellular pathways by which the innate and adaptive branches of immunity control tissue and systemic metabolism remain poorly understood. To engage in growth and activation, cells need to increase their biomass and replicate their genome. This process presents a substantial bioenergetic challenge: growing and activated cells must increase ATP production and acquire or synthesize raw materials, including lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. To do so, they actively reprogram their intracellular metabolism from catabolic mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis and other anabolic pathways. This metabolic reprogramming is under the control of specific signal transduction pathways whose underlying molecular mechanisms and relevance to physiology and disease are subject of considerable current interest and under intense study. Recent reports have elucidated the physiological role of metabolic reprogramming in macrophage and T cell activation and differentiation, B- and dendritic cell biology, as well as in the crosstalk of immune cells with endothelial and stem cells. It is also becoming increasingly evident that alterations of metabolic pathways play a major role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory disorders. Due to the scientific distance between immunologists and experts in metabolism (e.g., clinicians and biochemists), however, there has been limited cross-talk between these communities. This collection of articles aims at promoting such cross-talk and accelerating discoveries in the emerging field of immunometabolism.
Author : Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319701789
Total Pages : 627 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)
Download or read book Sex and Gender Factors Affecting Metabolic Homeostasis, Diabetes and Obesity written by Franck Mauvais-Jarvis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-08 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a reference for years to come, written by world-renowned expert investigators studying sex differences, the role of sex hormones, the systems biology of sex, and the genetic contribution of sex chromosomes to metabolic homeostasis and diseases. In this volume, leaders of the pharmaceutical industry present their views on sex-specific drug discovery. Many of the authors presented at the Keystone Symposium on “Sex and gender factors affecting metabolic homeostasis, diabetes and obesity” to be held in March 2017 in Lake Tahoe, CA. This book will generate new knowledge and ideas on the importance of gender biology and medicine from a molecular standpoint to the population level and to provide the methods to study them. It is intended to be a catalyst leading to gender-specific treatments of metabolic diseases. There are fundamental aspects of metabolic homeostasis that are regulated differently in males and females, and influence both the development of diabetes and obesity and the response to pharmacological intervention. Still, most preclinical researchers avoid studying female rodents due to the added complexity of research plans. The consequence is a generation of data that risks being relevant to only half of the population. This is a timely moment to publish a book on sex differences in diseases as NIH leadership has asked scientists to consider sex as a biological variable in preclinical research, to ensure that women get the same benefit of medical research as men.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (136 download)
Download or read book Metabolism and Immune Tolerance written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically the study of the immune system and metabolism have been two very separate fields. In recent years, a growing literature has emerged illustrating how the multiple processes of cellular metabolism are intricately linked to several aspects of immune function and development. This Research Topic covers recent progress in the field now known as "Immunometabolism" and the role of metabolism in immune tolerance. Immune tolerance is operationally defined as a state where a host's immune system is balanced such that although self-reactive lymphocytes are present, they are kept in check by immune regulation. Perturbations to this homeostasis may result in self-reactive lymphocytes gaining the upper hand and mediating auto-immune disease. Maintenance of immune tolerance involves a large cast of different cell types including effector T cells, regulatory T cells, B cells, stromal cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. Intracellular pathways and individual enzymes of metabolism have been shown to be harnessed by cells of both the adaptive and innate immune system to allow particular immune functions to be achieved. Examples include metabolic enzymes serving 'moonlighting' functions in mRNA translation, gene splicing, and kinase activation. Other examples include the requirement for de novo fatty acid synthesis for differentiation into Th17 effectors and CD8 memory T cells or products of the TCA cycle promoting pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Likewise, the availability of extracellular metabolic substrates has a large impact on the maintenance of local immune tolerance. For example, there are different requirements for glucose, glutamine and fatty acids for effector versus regulatory T cell development. Also tolerogenic dendritic cells mediate lowering of extracellular essential amino acids by their enhanced catabolism, promoting the induction of regulatory T cells. The purpose of this Research Topic is to provide an update on the current understanding of the multiple roles for metabolism in regulating the immune system.
Author : Vincenza Cifarelli
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889666913
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)
Download or read book The Role of the Lymphatic System in Lipid and Energy Metabolism, and Immune Homeostasis During Obesity and Diabetes written by Vincenza Cifarelli and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-04-12 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Shailendra K. Saxena
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1838807659
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (388 download)
Download or read book Innate Immunity in Health and Disease written by Shailendra K. Saxena and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-08-25 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on various aspects and properties of innate immunity, whose deep understanding is integral for safeguarding the human race from further loss of resources and economies due to innate immune response-mediated diseases. Throughout this book, we examine the individual mechanisms by which the innate immune response acts to protect the host from pathogenic infectious agents and other non-communicable diseases. Written by experts in the field, the volume discusses the significance of macrophages in infectious disease, tumor metabolism, and muscular disorders. Chapters cover such topics as the fate of differentiated macrophages and the molecular pathways that are important for the pathologic role of macrophages.
Author : Toshikazu Yoshikawa
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 3805590970
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (55 download)
Download or read book Food Factors for Health Promotion written by Toshikazu Yoshikawa and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food factors are considered to be critical for human health promotion and play an important role in the prevention of life-style related diseases. One of the major challenges in this context is to determine the multiple factors associated with the causes of these diseases, as well as to develop a method of detecting changes in the initial stage and to establish a diagnostic approach that can be used in prevention studies of food factors.This publication features chapters on genomics, proteomics, bioavailability and safety, antioxidants, life-style related diseases and on chemoprevention and cancer. Basic scientists with a focus on food factors, clinicians planning a prospective preventive study of food factors in life-style-related diseases, as well as company researchers studying health promotional effects of food or food ingredients will find a wealth of information in this book.
Author : Satish C. Kalhan
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 3805590091
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (55 download)
Download or read book Emerging Societies written by Satish C. Kalhan and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many developing and emerging societies, the coexistence of malnutrition and obesity is becoming increasingly prevalent. Caused by a rapid change in terms of economic growth and increased availability of food, the main challenge of this nutrition transition is the balance between short-term benefits and long-term risks of increased metabolic diseases.The publication at hand starts with an epidemiological overview, including regional case studies from India, China and Africa. This is followed by an in-depth evaluation of the phenomenon, focussing on the origin and prevalence of malnutrition and its link to obesity, the possible mechanisms of metabolic injury, and the strategies for preventing the projected epidemic of non-communicable disease. Also stressed is the need for further research to determine which population segments should be targeted at what stages of their lifecycle in order to achieve optimal results.Written by an international panel of experts, this volume will be of particular value for pediatricians, perinatologists, obstetricians, endocrinologists, public health scientists and epidemiologists.
Author : Danai Nyasha Chagwedera
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780438778283
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (782 download)
Download or read book The Role of the CD11c+ Cells Tsc1-mTORC1 Nutrient Sensing Pathway in Metabolic Homeostasis written by Danai Nyasha Chagwedera and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alterations in host metabolic state have been reported to drastically alter gut microbial communities and influence host immune responses. While much attention has been paid to how the gut microbiome affects immune cell response, the reverse is understudied: how do immune cells influence the gut microbiome and in turn, regulate host metabolic state? CD11c+ cells are well known for their critical role in bridging innate and adaptive immune responses and are resident cells of almost all tissues in the body. In the gut, CD11c+ cells are located in the lamina propria and have been shown to play a key role in maintaining gut immune homeostasis. The tuberous sclerosis 1---mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (Tsc1-mTORC1) pathway is a cell's major nutrient-sensing pathway and functions to assess nutrient availability and determine whether energy-intensive processes, such as protein translation, should take place. Specifically, Tsc1 is a negative regulator of mTORC1 and inhibits mTOR activity under conditions of low nutrient availability. Given this knowledge, we asked whether perturbing nutrient sensing in CD11c+ cells would alter the gut microbiome to ultimately influence host systemic metabolism. We generated CD11c Cre x Tsc1flox/flox mice (C57BL/6J background), where Tsc1 was specifically deleted in all CD11c expressing cells. Tsc1flox/flox ("control; CTRL") and CD11cCre x Tsc1 flox/flox ("knockout; KO") mice were housed under thermoneutral (30 °C) and sub-thermoneutral conditions (22 °C), and placed on normal chow diet (NCD) or high-fat diet (HFD). Weight gain, glucose and insulin sensitivity, and food intake were monitored over time. Additionally stool was collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. First, we determined how nutrient sensing by immune cells regulates body weight, adiposity and insulin action. Under all housing conditions, KO mice exhibited reduced weight gain as compared to CTRL mice. This decrease in body weight was not due to growth or birth defects and persisted with age. Analysis of food intake uncovered a reduction in overall food consumption. There were no differences in metabolic rate or physical activity between the groups. Interestingly, on a HFD protection from insulin resistance only occurred under thermoneutral conditions. In addition, we have investigated the microbial and immunologic mechanisms by which alterations in nutrient sensing in immune cells regulates weight gain. Flow cytometric analyses of immune cell populations in the small intestine and colon revealed differences in IgA binding. Co-housing experiments identified KO as capable of gaining weight in the presence of the CTRL mouse microbiome. Conclusions: We show that activation of nutrient sensing pathways in CD11c+ cells is sufficient to modulate systemic metabolism through alterations in the gut microbiome and that housing temperature conditions affects insulin and the microbiome. This project furthers our understanding of the role immune cells play in regulating systemic metabolism and has immediate translational implications for the treatment of metabolic disorders.
Author : Suresh Mishra
Publisher : Humana
ISBN 13 : 9781071608043
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (8 download)
Download or read book Immunometabolism written by Suresh Mishra and published by Humana. This book was released on 2021-09-02 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed book showcases the tremendous effort and progress made in developing techniques and protocols for the study of immunometabolism, and in utilizing recent technological advances for probing and manipulating adipose and immune cells, and subsequently, their functions and immunometabolic consequences. Written by experts in the field, many chapters use macrophages as a model immune cell type, due to their prominence in the innate immune system and the exhaustive study of their traits. Protocols using adipocytes, dendritic cells, and T cells as model cell lines, as well as measurement of glucose metabolism at the systemic level, have also been included. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology book series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Immunometabolism: Methods and Protocols serves as a vital guide for researchers working at the important interface of immunology and metabolism.
Author : Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303086684X
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)
Download or read book Essential Aspects of Immunometabolism in Health and Disease written by Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-21 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immunometabolism has emerged as an intersectional crossroad between metabolism and immune response. Over the past decade, it has become clear that most - if not all - immune cell functions are not separated from cellular metabolism. Although seminal works have addressed the metabolic fate of immune cells during differentiation and function, the physiological status of a given tissue is also dependent on the cell metabolism. The dialogue between immune cells and their microenvironment can also modulate cellular metabolism, which can trigger the onset and progression of a multitude of inflammation-mediated diseases. Thus, uncovering the specific characteristics of the metabolism in different immune cells types and in different conditions, can shed light into the molecular mechanisms of disease and help develop new drugs and therapeutic strategies to treat immune diseases. The edited volume Essentials aspects of Immunometabolism will give the readers a broad view on how metabolic pathways can influence many types of immune cells during activation, differentiation and function, in health and disease. Of note, the structure of the book was created thinking not only on the experienced immunologist but also on undergraduate and graduate students, physicians, and all members of the scientific community interested in this exciting field of research.
