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Hydrological Consequences Of Land Use Land Cover And Climatic Changes In Mesoscale Catchments
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Book Synopsis Hydrological Consequences of Land Use, Land Cover and Climatic Changes in Mesoscale Catchments by : Luis E. Samaniego Eguiguren
Download or read book Hydrological Consequences of Land Use, Land Cover and Climatic Changes in Mesoscale Catchments written by Luis E. Samaniego Eguiguren and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Subsurface Hydrological Responses to Land Cover and Land Use Changes by : Makoto Taniguchi
Download or read book Subsurface Hydrological Responses to Land Cover and Land Use Changes written by Makoto Taniguchi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since human beings first appeared on the earth, we have changed land cover and land use for our own purposes, such as conveniences and high productivity. As a result of the land cover and land use changes, many serious environmental problems occur on the earth. Studying meteorological and hydrological effects of vegetation and land cover/use changes helps us to understand the environmental changes and problems happening near the earth surface, because the vegetation distributes the solar energy and water on the earth surface into atmosphere and geosphere. Subsurface hydrological responses to land cover and land use changes have drawn only regional environmental concerns, although global change caused by biosphere change has been studied in various scientific fields. The changes in land cover and land use alter water, solute and heat cycles in basins and elements of those balances, including evapotranspiration, groundwater recharge rate, discharge rates into rivers or ocean and soil moisture content, which are directly or indirectly related to the global environmental issues. Therefore, the changes in biosphere may substantially alter the subsurface hydrological system. For instance, increased groundwater recharge rates following clearing forest into grasses might be one consequence resulting in rising water tables and salinization.
Book Synopsis Scenarios and Implications of Land Use and Climate Change on Water Quality in Mesoscale Agricultural Watersheds by : Bano B Mehdi
Download or read book Scenarios and Implications of Land Use and Climate Change on Water Quality in Mesoscale Agricultural Watersheds written by Bano B Mehdi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A comparative study in two mesoscale, agricultural watersheds located in mid-latitude, developed regions (Altmühl River, Germany and in Pike River, Canada) investigated potential future land use change and climate change impacts on surface water quality. The two watersheds provided a unique opportunity to compare potential impacts of change in similar physical and climatological regions, yet under different political settings related to agricultural policies as well as water quality management and protection. The objectives of the research were to develop agricultural land use scenarios to apply to a hydrological model simultaneously with climate change simulations. This modelling framework allowed quantifying these combined impacts on streamflow, sediment loads, nitrate-nitrogen loads and concentrations, as well as total phosphorus loads and concentrations to the 2050 time horizon. The impacts of climate change were evaluated alone and then with land use change. Overall, the quality of surface water simulated in both watersheds will be deteriorated according to environmental standards set by the ministries by 2050 due to higher mean annual nutrient loads transported into the rivers. Climate change impacts were greater than land use change impacts; however land use change can have an important influence on water quality, depending on the magnitude of crop changes taking place. Field-level adaptation strategies in the Pike River were simulated to determine the extent of reducing the combined impacts of land use and climate change. The strategies were able to mitigate the combined impacts, and also to improve the quality of surface water compared to the in-stream nutrient concentrations in the reference simulation.In both watersheds, it was determined that the combined interaction between climate change and land use change in the hydrological model are non-linear. Examining the combined impacts are necessary to determine potential alterations in water quality in a basin since the direction and the magnitude are not predictable from the individual changes alone." --
Book Synopsis Vegetation, Water, Humans and the Climate by : Pavel Kabat
Download or read book Vegetation, Water, Humans and the Climate written by Pavel Kabat and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A state-of-the-art overview of the influence of terrestrial vegetation and soils within the Earth system. The text deals especially with interactions between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere via the hydrological cycle and their interlinkage with anthropogenic activities. Measurements gathered in integrated field experiments in the Sahel, the Amazon, North America and South-east Asia confirm the importance of these interactions. Observations are complemented by modelling studies, including regional models that simulate flows and transport in river catchments, coupled land-cover and regional climate systems, and Earth-system and global circulation models. Water, nutrient and sediment fluxes in river basins are also discussed and are shown to be highly impacted and regulated by humans through land use, pollution and river engineering. Finally, the book discusses environmental vulnerability and methodologies for assessing the risks associated with regional and global climatic and environmental variability and change. The results reported in this book are based on the research work of many individual scientists and teams around the world associated with the objectives of the IGBP-BAHC and WCRP-GEWEX international research programmes.
Book Synopsis Impacts of Landscape Change on Water Resources by : Manoj K. Jha
Download or read book Impacts of Landscape Change on Water Resources written by Manoj K. Jha and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-11-13 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changes in land use and land cover can have many drivers, including population growth, urbanization, agriculture, demand for food, evolution of socio-economic structure, policy regulations, and climate variability. The impacts of these changes on water resources range from changes in water availability (due to changes in losses of water to evapotranspiration and recharge) to degradation of water quality (increased erosion, salinity, chemical loadings, and pathogens). The impacts are manifested through complex hydro-bio-geo-climate characteristics, which underscore the need for integrated scientific approaches to understand the impacts of landscape change on water resources. Several techniques, such as field studies, long-term monitoring, remote sensing technologies, and advanced modeling studies, have contributed to better understanding the modes and mechanisms by which landscape changes impact water resources. Such research studies can help unlock the complex interconnected influences of landscape on water resources in terms of quantity and quality at multiple spatial and temporal scales. In this Special Issue, we published a set of eight peer-reviewed articles elaborating on some of the specific topics of landscape changes and associated impacts on water resources.
Book Synopsis Predictions in Ungauged Basins by : Murugesu Sivapalan
Download or read book Predictions in Ungauged Basins written by Murugesu Sivapalan and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climate and Life written by Budyko and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1974-06-28 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate and Life
Book Synopsis Distributed Hydrological Modelling by : Michael B. Abbott
Download or read book Distributed Hydrological Modelling written by Michael B. Abbott and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is the task of the engineer, as of any other professional person, to do everything that is reasonably possible to analyse the difficulties with which his or her client is confronted, and on this basis to design solutions and implement these in practice. The distributed hydrological model is, correspondingly, the means for doing everything that is reasonably possible - of mobilising as much data and testing it with as much knowledge as is economically feasible - for the purpose of analysing problems and of designing and implementing remedial measures in the case of difficulties arising within the hydrological cycle. Thus the aim of distributed hydrologic modelling is to make the fullest use of cartographic data, of geological data, of satellite data, of stream discharge measurements, of borehole data, of observations of crops and other vegetation, of historical records of floods and droughts, and indeed of everything else that has ever been recorded or remembered, and then to apply to this everything that is known about meteorology, plant physiology, soil physics, hydrogeology, sediment transport and everything else that is relevant within this context. Of course, no matter how much data we have and no matter how much we know, it will never be enough to treat some problems and some situations, but still we can aim in this way to do the best that we possibly can.
Book Synopsis Managing Protected Areas in Central and Eastern Europe Under Climate Change by : Sven Rannow
Download or read book Managing Protected Areas in Central and Eastern Europe Under Climate Change written by Sven Rannow and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-18 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning with an overview of data and concepts developed in the EU-project HABIT-CHANGE, this book addresses the need for sharing knowledge and experience in the field of biodiversity conservation and climate change. There is an urgent need to build capacity in protected areas to monitor, assess, manage and report the effects of climate change and their interaction with other pressures. The contributors identify barriers to the adaptation of conservation management, such as the mismatch between planning reality and the decision context at site level. Short and vivid descriptions of case studies, drawn from investigation areas all over Central and Eastern Europe, illustrate both the local impacts of climate change and their consequences for future management. These focus on ecosystems most vulnerable to changes in climatic conditions, including alpine areas, wetlands, forests, lowland grasslands and coastal areas. The case studies demonstrate the application of adaptation strategies in protected areas like National Parks, Biosphere Reserves and Natural Parks, and reflect the potential benefits as well as existing obstacles. A general section provides the necessary background information on climate trends and their effects on abiotic and biotic components. Often, the parties to policy change and conservation management, including managers, land users and stakeholders, lack both expertise and incentives to undertake adaptation activities. The authors recognise that achieving the needed changes in behavior – habit – is as much a social learning process as a matter of science-based procedure. They describe the implementation of modeling, impact assessment and monitoring of climate conditions, and show how the results can support efforts to increase stakeholder involvement in local adaptation strategies. The book concludes by pointing out the need for more work to communicate the cross-sectoral nature of biodiversity protection, the value of well-informed planning in the long-term process of adaptation, the definition of acceptable change, and the motivational value of exchanging experience and examples of good practice.
Book Synopsis A review of hydrology, sediment and water resource use in the Blue Nile Basin by : Seleshi Bekele Awulachew
Download or read book A review of hydrology, sediment and water resource use in the Blue Nile Basin written by Seleshi Bekele Awulachew and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2009-02-05 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This working paper has been prepared as one of the outputs of the ‘Improved water and land management in the Ethiopian Highlands and its impact on downstream stakeholders dependent on the Blue Nile’ project, supported by the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food (CPWF). It provides a comprehensive literature review; identifies types, sources and provides geo-referencing of data in the basin; compiles information of hydrology, sediment, and water resources and its uses. It also provides a review of applicable models for watershed and water allocation simulation, research methods, past studies and published material related to the Blue Nile. Extensive reference material and previous studies are compiled.
Book Synopsis Water resources and irrigation development in Ethiopia by : Seleshi Bekele Awulachew
Download or read book Water resources and irrigation development in Ethiopia written by Seleshi Bekele Awulachew and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2007 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Irrigation programs / Water use / Reservoirs / Lakes / River basins / Water potential / Water resources
Book Synopsis The Impact of Land Cover and Land Use Changes on the Hydrological Cycle of the Tarim Basin, NW China by : Yang Yang
Download or read book The Impact of Land Cover and Land Use Changes on the Hydrological Cycle of the Tarim Basin, NW China written by Yang Yang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Tarim Basin, located in NW China, is the largest inland basin in the world. Since the 1970s, the basin became modernized agriculturally through unprecedented reclamation, which were initiated and controlled by the central Chinese government to promote cotton production. In 2013, 40% of China's cotton production was harvested from agricultural lands in the Tarim Basin, representing 15% of world production. However, these large scale land use transformations lead to overuse of water resources in the upper and middle reaches for irrigation, with severe unintended ecological consequences in the lower reaches. The lower reaches of the Tarim River dried up gradually during the 1970s. In 2000, a water release project was launched to meet the ecological water demands of the river's lower reaches. So far there have been 15 water releases with 1.7 billion USD invested. This work aims to improve our understanding of the impacts on the hydrologic cycle from land-use/land-cover change activities in the Tarim Basin by working across different disciplines and integrating them to portray all the key processes involved. This multidisciplinary approach includes analysis of remotely sensed data, application of a dynamic crop modeling framework, and simulation analyses with a transient, 2D, variably-saturated groundwater model. My primary findings show that in 2006, over 25000 km2 were identified as irrigated field. This is a 41% increase from 1970s, when the total irrigated area was only 18250 km2. The rapid expansions in irrigate fields, together with climate change, have affected the partitioning of water between the land surface and the lower atmosphere through changing evapotranspiration patterns. Approximately 7 km3 of water entered the atmosphere through crop evapotranspiration in 1971, but by 2006 this value had increased to nearly 11 km3. But changes in climatic conditions accounted for only 20% of the total increase in ET. In terms of ecological restoration, the study shows that although the current water release protocols can maintain the present habitat for Populus euphratica, they are not sufficient to expand or restore this valued riparian vegetation to its former state. By addressing the hydrological and ecological implications of agricultural expansion, the overarching goal of this research is to identify sustainable strategies to reverse these negative environmental effects in the Tarim Basin.
Book Synopsis Innovative Trends in Hydrological and Environmental Systems by : Anil Kumar Dikshit
Download or read book Innovative Trends in Hydrological and Environmental Systems written by Anil Kumar Dikshit and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-13 with total page 818 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents select proceedings of the International Virtual Conference on Trends in Hydrological and Environmental Systems (ITHES 2021). Various topics covered in this book include urban hydrology, hydrological extremes, statistical analysis of hydro-meteorological data, impacts of climate change, hydrological modelling, groundwater studies, water resource management and applications of RS & GIS in hydrology. The book also discusses various topics on applications of CFD in water resources and environmental engineering, water and wastewater treatment, solid waste management and air quality. The book will be a valuable reference for beginners, researchers, and professionals interested in environmental civil engineering, especially hydrological and environmental systems.
Book Synopsis Terrestrial Water Cycle and Climate Change by : Qiuhong Tang
Download or read book Terrestrial Water Cycle and Climate Change written by Qiuhong Tang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-09-06 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Terrestrial Water Cycle: Natural and Human-Induced Changes is a comprehensive volume that investigates the changes in the terrestrial water cycle and the natural and anthropogenic factors that cause these changes. This volume brings together recent progress and achievements in large-scale hydrological observations and numerical simulations, specifically in areas such as in situ measurement network, satellite remote sensing and hydrological modeling. Our goal is to extend and deepen our understanding of the changes in the terrestrial water cycle and to shed light on the mechanisms of the changes and their consequences in water resources and human well-being in the context of global change. Volume highlights include: Overview of the changes in the terrestrial water cycle Human alterations of the terrestrial water cycle Recent advances in hydrological measurement and observation Integrated modeling of the terrestrial water cycle The Terrestrial Water Cycle: Natural and Human-Induced Changes will be a valuable resource for students and professionals in the fields of hydrology, water resources, climate change, ecology, geophysics, and geographic sciences. The book will also be attractive to those who have general interests in the terrestrial water cycle, including how and why the cycle changes.
Book Synopsis Predicting Soil Erosion by Water by : Kenneth G. Renard
Download or read book Predicting Soil Erosion by Water written by Kenneth G. Renard and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction and history; Rainfall-runoff erosivity factor (R); Soil erodibility factor (K); Slope length and steepness factors (LS); Cover-management factor (C); Support practice factor (P); RUSLE user guide; Coversion to SI metric system; Calculation of EI from recording-raingage records; Estimating random roughness in the field; Parameter values for major agricultural crops and tillage operations.
Book Synopsis Climate Science for Serving Society by : Ghassem R. Asrar
Download or read book Climate Science for Serving Society written by Ghassem R. Asrar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-18 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers a comprehensive survey and a close analysis of efforts to develop actionable climate information in support of vital decisions for climate adaptation, risk management and policy. Arising from submissions and discussion at the 2011 Open Science Conference (OSC) of the World Climate Research Program (WCRP), the book addresses research and intellectual challenges which span the full range of Program activities.
Book Synopsis Uncertainties in Environmental Modelling and Consequences for Policy Making by : Philippe Baveye
Download or read book Uncertainties in Environmental Modelling and Consequences for Policy Making written by Philippe Baveye and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-05-14 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematical modelling has become in recent years an essential tool for the prediction of environmental change and for the development of sustainable policies. Yet, many of the uncertainties associated with modelling efforts appear poorly understood by many, especially by policy makers. This book attempts for the first time to cover the full range of issues related to model uncertainties, from the subjectivity of setting up a conceptual model of a given system, all the way to communicating the nature of model uncertainties to non-scientists and accounting for model uncertainties in policy decisions. Theoretical chapters, providing background information on specific steps in the modelling process and in the adoption of models by end-users, are complemented by illustrative case studies dealing with soils and global climate change. All the chapters are authored by recognized experts in their respective disciplines, and provide a timely and uniquely comprehensive coverage of an important field.
