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Hydrogen Plasticity Interactions At An Axial Crack In Pipeline Steel
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Book Synopsis Hydrogen/Plasticity Interactions at an Axial Crack in Pipeline Steel by : B. P. Somerday
Download or read book Hydrogen/Plasticity Interactions at an Axial Crack in Pipeline Steel written by B. P. Somerday and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The technology of large scale hydrogen transmission from central production facilities to refueling stations and stationary power sites is at present undeveloped. Among the problems which confront the implementation of this technology is the deleterious effect of hydrogen on structural material properties, in particular at gas pressure of 15 MPa which is the desirable transmission pressure suggested by economic studies for efficient transport. To investigate the hydrogen embrittlement of pipelines, a hydrogen transport methodology for the calculation of hydrogen accumulation ahead of a crack tip in a pipeline steel is outlined. This work addresses the interaction of hydrogen with an axial crack on the inside surface of the pipe. The approach accounts for stress-driven transient diffusion of hydrogen and trapping at microstructural defects whose density evolves dynamically with deformation. The results address the effect of hydrostatic constraint, stress, and plastic strain on the time it takes for the steady state hydrogen profiles to be established.
Book Synopsis Materials Innovations in an Emerging Hydrogen Economy by : G. Wicks
Download or read book Materials Innovations in an Emerging Hydrogen Economy written by G. Wicks and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-03-27 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains papers presented at the Materials Innovations in an Emerging Hydrogen Economy Conference in Februrary 2008 in Cocoa Beach, Florida. It provides a useful one-stop resource for understanding the most important issues in the research and applications of materials innovations. The text features logically organized and carefully selected articles, organized into: International Overviews; Hydrogen Storage; Hydrogen Production; Hydrogen Delivery; and Leakage Detection/Safety. This comprises an essential resource for industrial and academic chemists and engineers.
Book Synopsis Hydrogen Embrittlement of Pipeline Steels by :
Download or read book Hydrogen Embrittlement of Pipeline Steels written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental studies of hydrogen embrittlement of materials using both experimental observations and numerical simulations of the hydrogen/deformation interactions have been conducted. Our approach integrates mechanical property testing at the macro-scale, microstructural analyses and TEM observations of the deformation processes at the micro- and nano-scale, first-principles calculations of interfacial cohesion at the atomic scale, and finite element simulation and modeling at the micro- and macro-level. Focused Ion Beam machining in conjunction with Transmission Electron Microscopy were used to identify the salient micro-mechanisms of failure in the presence of hydrogen. Our analysis of low strength ferritic steels led to the discovery that?quasi-cleavage? is a dislocation plasticity controlled failure mode in agreement with the hydrogen enhanced plasticity mechanism. The microstructure underneath the fracture surface of 304 and 316 stainless steels was found to be significantly more complex than would have been predicted by the traditional models of fatigue. The general refinement of the microstructure that occurred near the fracture surface in the presence of hydrogen was such that one may argue that hydrogen stabilizes microstructural configurations to an extent not achievable in its absence. Finite element studies of hydrogen and deformation field similitude for cracks in real-life pipelines and laboratory fracture specimens yielded that the Single Edge Notch Tension specimen can be used to reliably study hydrogen material compatibility for pipeline structures. In addition, simulation of onset of crack propagation in low strength ferritic systems by void growth indicated that hydrogen can reduce the fracture toughness of the material by as much as 30%. Both experimental observations and numerical studies of hydrogen transport on hydrogen accumulations ahead of a crack tip yielded that dislocation transport can markedly enhance hydrogen populations which in turn can trigger fracture initiation.
Book Synopsis Hydrogen Embrittlement and Stress Corrosion Cracking by : Alexander Robert Troiano
Download or read book Hydrogen Embrittlement and Stress Corrosion Cracking written by Alexander Robert Troiano and published by ASM International. This book was released on 1984-01-01 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Microstructure on Hydrogen Induced Cracking in Pipeline Steel by : Mary K. O'Brien
Download or read book Effect of Microstructure on Hydrogen Induced Cracking in Pipeline Steel written by Mary K. O'Brien and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrogen Assisted Subcritical Crack Growth and Crack-tip Plasticity by : Shantikumar Vasudevan Nair
Download or read book Hydrogen Assisted Subcritical Crack Growth and Crack-tip Plasticity written by Shantikumar Vasudevan Nair and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Growth Behavior of Surface Cracks in Pipeline Steels Exposed to Near-neutral PH Environments by : Afolabi T. Egbewande
Download or read book Growth Behavior of Surface Cracks in Pipeline Steels Exposed to Near-neutral PH Environments written by Afolabi T. Egbewande and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is part of a larger study designed to help a consortium of pipeline operators replace current (very expensive) approaches to managing stress corrosion cracking (SCC) concerns in near-neutral pH (NNPH) environments with mathematical models that predict SCC growth rates. This could significantly reduce the cost of pipeline integrity management programs. The goal was to help find ways to improve the accuracy of existing models. NNPHSCC cracks are surface-type flaws. However, NNPHSCC was typically modelled as through-thickness cracks in previous laboratory studies. This was identified as a major reason why current NNPHSCC models are inaccurate. Therefore, this study was designed to model NNPHSCC cracks as surface-type flaws rather than through-thickness cracks. Results showed contrary to popular opinion that surface-type flaws propagated less rapidly than through-thickness cracks in NNPHSCC environments. Also, inherent variations in the local environment under a disbondment produce hydrogen concentration gradients that result in very high propagation rates at the open mouth of a disbondment. The propagation rate declines very sharply non-linearly distance away from the open mouth inside the disbondment. It was determined the environmental factor used to account for the contribution of the environment to crack propagation, could be up to ten times higher at the open mouth compared to other locations under the disbondment. Identifying these issues helps to guide NNPHSCC modellers in selecting more appropriate growth rates for SCC programs. A series of propagation rate ranges under various environmental and mechanical loading conditions were determined. Contrary to popular opinions, increased CO2 concentration in groundwater decreased crack propagation rates by intensifying (environmental) crack tip blunting. This delayed crack re-initiation from a dormant state. Under benign loading conditions, this helps to reduce/stop iv crack growth by driving towards dormancy. Mechanically blunting a crack tip was found to produce the same effect. Hydrogen enhanced localized plasticity (also called hydrogen enhanced low temperature creep) was found to be responsible for this blunting effect. Means of manipulating the mechanical loading factors to produce this effect were identified.
Book Synopsis Hydrogen Embrittlement and Stress Corrosion Cracking by : R. Gibala
Download or read book Hydrogen Embrittlement and Stress Corrosion Cracking written by R. Gibala and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Synergistic Effect of Plasticity and Hydrogen Embrittlement on the Crack Tip Angle by : Seng Hu Ho
Download or read book The Synergistic Effect of Plasticity and Hydrogen Embrittlement on the Crack Tip Angle written by Seng Hu Ho and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Brian P. Somerday Publisher :American Society of Mechanical Engineers ISBN 13 :9780791860298 Total Pages :0 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (62 download)
Book Synopsis Hydrogen-materials Interactions by : Brian P. Somerday
Download or read book Hydrogen-materials Interactions written by Brian P. Somerday and published by American Society of Mechanical Engineers. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Invited papers -- Hydrogen-assisted fracture in steels -- Hydrogen-assisted fatigue -- Hydrogen effects on mechanical properties of structural metals -- Advanced methods for characterizing hydrogen-materials interactions -- Hydrogen dissolution, transport, and trapping -- Modeling and simulation -- Hydrogen effects on non-metals
Book Synopsis Stack-cracking Due to Hydrogen Embrittlement in a Welded Pipeline Steel by : M. Y. Bin Zakaria
Download or read book Stack-cracking Due to Hydrogen Embrittlement in a Welded Pipeline Steel written by M. Y. Bin Zakaria and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Interaction of Steels with Hydrogen in Petroleum Industry Pressure Vessel and Pipeline Service by : Materials Properties Council
Download or read book Interaction of Steels with Hydrogen in Petroleum Industry Pressure Vessel and Pipeline Service written by Materials Properties Council and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Plasticity on Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior of X-52 Pipeline Steel in Near-neutral PH Environment by : Xiaochun Li
Download or read book Effect of Plasticity on Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior of X-52 Pipeline Steel in Near-neutral PH Environment written by Xiaochun Li and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Study of Hydrogen Enrichment at Pits and Other Surface Discontinuities in Mild Steel and the Contribution to Near-neutral PH Stress Corrosion Cracking by : Laura Wall
Download or read book A Study of Hydrogen Enrichment at Pits and Other Surface Discontinuities in Mild Steel and the Contribution to Near-neutral PH Stress Corrosion Cracking written by Laura Wall and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of hydrogen in the initiation of near-neutral pH stress corrosion cracks was studied. Hydrogen content was measured for X-52 steel in various conditions. The effect of elevated hydrogen concentrations on room temperature creep behaviour of X-52 pipeline steel was investigated experimentally. Extensive finite element modelling of the concentrations and locations of hydrogen around corrosion pits on pressurized line pipe in near-neutral pH solution was completed. The effects of stress and geometry on equilibrium hydrogen concentration were studied. A material model simulating the effects of hydrogen enhanced localized plasticity was used to investigate the role of hydrogen in crack initiation. Throughout the modelling, two distinct hydrogen trapping models were used and compared. In steels, the majority of hydrogen is found to reside in traps at cementite interfaces and grain boundaries, yet related work has found that NNpHSCC proceeds transgranularly through ferrite. Implications for understanding NNpHSCC crack initiation are discussed.
Book Synopsis Effects of Microstructure Banding on Hydrogen Assisted Fatigue Crack Growth in X65 Pipeline Steels by :
Download or read book Effects of Microstructure Banding on Hydrogen Assisted Fatigue Crack Growth in X65 Pipeline Steels written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Banded ferrite-pearlite X65 pipeline steel was tested in high pressure hydrogen gas to evaluate the effects of oriented pearlite on hydrogen assisted fatigue crack growth. Test specimens were oriented in the steel pipe such that cracks propagated either parallel or perpendicular to the banded pearlite. The ferrite-pearlite microstructure exhibited orientation dependent behavior in which fatigue crack growth rates were significantly lower for cracks oriented perpendicular to the banded pearlite compared to cracks oriented parallel to the bands. Thus the reduction of hydrogen assisted fatigue crack growth across the banded pearlite is attributed to a combination of crack-tip branching and impeded hydrogen diffusion across the banded pearlite.
Book Synopsis Mechanism of Failure by Hydrogen-induced Cracking in Pipeline Steels by : Mohammad Ali Mohtadi Bonab
Download or read book Mechanism of Failure by Hydrogen-induced Cracking in Pipeline Steels written by Mohammad Ali Mohtadi Bonab and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Gaseous Hydrogen Embrittlement of Materials in Energy Technologies by : Richard P Gangloff
Download or read book Gaseous Hydrogen Embrittlement of Materials in Energy Technologies written by Richard P Gangloff and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-01-16 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many modern energy systems are reliant on the production, transportation, storage, and use of gaseous hydrogen. The safety, durability, performance and economic operation of these systems is challenged by operating-cycle dependent degradation by hydrogen of otherwise high performance materials. This important two-volume work provides a comprehensive and authoritative overview of the latest research into managing hydrogen embrittlement in energy technologies.Volume 1 is divided into three parts, the first of which provides an overview of the hydrogen embrittlement problem in specific technologies including petrochemical refining, automotive hydrogen tanks, nuclear waste disposal and power systems, and H2 storage and distribution facilities. Part two then examines modern methods of characterization and analysis of hydrogen damage and part three focuses on the hydrogen degradation of various alloy classesWith its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Volume 1 of Gaseous hydrogen embrittlement of materials in energy technologies is an invaluable reference tool for engineers, designers, materials scientists, and solid mechanicians working with safety-critical components fabricated from high performance materials required to operate in severe environments based on hydrogen. Impacted technologies include aerospace, petrochemical refining, gas transmission, power generation and transportation. Summarises the wealth of recent research on understanding and dealing with the safety, durability, performance and economic operation of using gaseous hydrogen at high pressure Reviews how hydrogen embrittlement affects particular sectors such as the petrochemicals, automotive and nuclear industries Discusses how hydrogen embrittlement can be characterised and its effects on particular alloy classes
