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Hydraulic Performance Of A 5 Inch Centrifugal Contactor
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Book Synopsis Hydraulic Performance of a 5-inch Centrifugal Contactor by : Donald S. Webster
Download or read book Hydraulic Performance of a 5-inch Centrifugal Contactor written by Donald S. Webster and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydraulic Performance of a 5-cm CINC Contactor for Caustic-side Solvent Extraction by :
Download or read book Hydraulic Performance of a 5-cm CINC Contactor for Caustic-side Solvent Extraction written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hydraulic performance of a 5-cm centrifugal contactor from Costner Industries Nevada Corporation (CINC) was measured for both one- and two-phase flow. Flow conditions and test liquids as well as the liquid height in the annular mixing zone and the occurrence of discontinuous (slug) flow in the interstage lines are reported. Results are compared with earlier results obtained using 2- and 4-cm contactors made at Argonne National Laboratory. In each case, one-phase flow tests can be used to predict behavior in two-phase flow. This makes the one-phase flow test a quality control tool for evaluating contactor rotors as they are manufactured. These results indicate that the 5-cm contactor works in the same way as the 2- and 4-cm contactors.
Book Synopsis Hydraulic Performance of a Multistage Array of Advanced Centrifugal Contactors by :
Download or read book Hydraulic Performance of a Multistage Array of Advanced Centrifugal Contactors written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hydraulic characteristics of an advanced design centrifugal contactor array have been determined at the Savannah River Laboratory (SRL). The advanced design utilizes couette mixing (Taylor vortices) in the annulus between the rotating and stationary bowls. Excellent phase separation over a wide range of flow conditions was obtained. Interfaces within an entire eight-stage array were controlled with a single weir air pressure.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of 5-cm Centrifugal Contactor Hydraulic and Mass Transfer Performance for Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction of Cesium by :
Download or read book Evaluation of 5-cm Centrifugal Contactor Hydraulic and Mass Transfer Performance for Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction of Cesium written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A test program has been conducted in which the use of pilot-scale centrifugal solvent extraction contactors for cesium removal from an alkaline waste stream has been successfully demonstrated. The program was designed specifically to evaluate the use of centrifugal contactors having 5-cm-diam rotors for the removal of cesium from alkaline high-level waste (HLW) that was generated and is being stored at the U.S. Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (SRS). The removal of cesium from this waste is highly desirable because it will reduce the volume of waste that must be treated and disposed of as HLW. The parameters applied in the test effort are those that have been established for the Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX) process, a multistage extraction operation that has been designed by researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). In the CSSX process, cesium is extracted by calix(4)arene-bis-(fert-octylbenzo-crown-6), commonly referred to as BOBCalixC6. The extract is scrubbed with dilute (0.05 M) nitric acid, both to remove coextracted elements (primarily potassium and sodium) and to adjust the pH of the extract to facilitate recovery of the cesium. The scrubbed solvent is contacted with 0.001 M HNO3, which results in the stripping of the cesium from the solvent into the aqueous acid. The CSSX process flow rates have been established so to produce a cesium concentration in the strip effluent that is 12 to 15 times the concentration in the waste stream that enters the extraction section of the cascade. Results from initial hydraulic testing of a commercially available 5-cm contactor under CSSX conditions indicated that the mixing of feed solutions within the unit (which is critical to efficient solute transfer) was limited by a feature of the contactor that was designed to increase throughput and improve separation performance. In the design, phase separation is improved by reducing turbulence within the contactor. Subsequent to the initial hydraulic test: cesium transfer tests were performed using contactors arranged in both single-stage and multistage arrangements. Results of these tests confirmed that phase mixing within the contactor was inadequate. In an effort to improve mixing within the contactor and thereby increase mass transfer efficiency, two minor modifications were made to a single contactor unit. One modification was the replacement of the bottom plate from the vendor-supplied contactor housing, which was equipped with curved (impeller-type) vanes, with a bottom assembly that had straight radial vanes. The latter configuration is the standard used in all existing ANL, ORNL, and SRS contactor designs. The second modification involved enlargement of the opening in the bottom of the rotor through which dispersion from the contactor mixing zone enters the rotor for separation. By increasing the rotor opening sufficiently, the rotor loses pumping efficiency to such an extent that accumulation of a hydrostatic head in the annular mixing zone is required for solution to be pumped through the contactor to the organic and aqueous discharge ports. By causing a volume of liquid to accumulate in the mixing zone, it is expected that phase mixing will be improved. Following modification of a contactor, hydraulic testing was repeated to determine flow parameters to be applied in mass transfer testing using the modified device. As expected, test results indicated that the maximum throughputs that could be achieved using the modified contactor under extraction and stripping conditions were lower than those obtained using the ''as-received'' unit. However, phase separation performance within the reduced operating envelope was excellent. Most importantly, cesium transfer stage efficiencies were significantly improved over those obtained using the unmodified device and resulted in attainment of the target CSSX process decontamination factor of 40,000 when extrapolated to the baseline CSSX contactor cascade.
Book Synopsis Performance of a Multi-stage Centrifugal Contactor by : Albert A. Kishbaugh
Download or read book Performance of a Multi-stage Centrifugal Contactor written by Albert A. Kishbaugh and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Hydraulic Performance and Mass Transfer Efficiency of the CSSX Process with the Optimized Solvent in a Single Stage of 5.5-Cm Diameter Centrifugal Contactor by :
Download or read book Evaluation of the Hydraulic Performance and Mass Transfer Efficiency of the CSSX Process with the Optimized Solvent in a Single Stage of 5.5-Cm Diameter Centrifugal Contactor written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX) process has been selected for the separation of cesium from Savannah River Site high-level waste. The solvent composition used in the CSSX process was recently optimized so that the solvent is no longer supersaturated with respect to the calixarene crown ether extractant. Hydraulic performance and mass transfer efficiency testing of a single stage of 5.5-cm ORNL-designed centrifugal contactor has been performed for the CSSX process with the optimized solvent. Maximum throughputs of the 5.5-cm centrifugal contactor, as a function of contactor rotor speed, have been measured for the extraction, scrub, strip, and wash sections of the CSSX flowsheet at the baseline organic/aqueous flow ratios (O/A) of the process, as well as at O/A's 20% higher and 20% lower than the baseline. Maximum throughputs are comparable to the design throughput of the contactor, as well as with throughputs obtained previously in a 5-cm centrifugal contactor with the non-optimized CSSX solvent formulation. The 20% variation in O/A had minimal effect on contactor throughput. Additionally, mass transfer efficiencies have been determined for the extraction and strip sections of the flowsheet. Efficiencies were lower than the process goal of greater than or equal to 80%, ranging from 72 to 75% for the extraction section and from 36 to 60% in the strip section. Increasing the mixing intensity and/or the solution level in the mixing zone of the centrifugal contactor (residence time) could potentially increase efficiencies. Several methods are available to accomplish this including (1) increasing the size of the opening in the bottom of the rotor, resulting in a contactor which is partially pumping instead of fully pumping, (2) decreasing the number of vanes in the contactor, (3) increasing the vane height, or (4) adding vanes on the rotor and baffles on the housing of the contactor. The low efficiency results obtained stress the importance of proper design of a centrifugal contactor for use in the CSSX process. A prototype of any centrifugal contactors designed for future pilot-scale or full-scale processing should be thoroughly tested prior to implementation.
Book Synopsis Hydraulic Performance and Mass Transfer Efficiency of Engineering Scale Centrifugal Contactors by :
Download or read book Hydraulic Performance and Mass Transfer Efficiency of Engineering Scale Centrifugal Contactors written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annular centrifugal contactors (ACCs) are being evaluated for process-scale solvent extraction operations in support of Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI) separations goals. Process-scale annular centrifugal contactors have the potential for high stage efficiency if properly employed and optimized for the application. Hydraulic performance issues related to flow instability and classical flooding are likely unimportant, especially for units with high throughputs. However, annular mixing increases rapidly with increasing rotor diameter while maintaining a fixed g force at the rotor wall. In addition, for engineering/process-scale contactors, elevated rotor speeds and/or throughput rates, can lead to organic phase foaming at the rotor discharge collector area. Foam buildup in the upper rotor head area can aspirate additional vapor from the contactor housing resulting in a complete loss of separation equilibrium. Variable speed drives are thus desirable to optimize and balance the operating parameters to help ensure acceptable performance. Proper venting of larger contactors is required to balance pressures across individual stages and prevent vapor lock due to foam aspiration.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Hydraulic Capacity and Mass Transfer Efficiency of the CSSX Process with the Optimized Solvent in a Single Stage of 5.5-cm-Diameter Centrifugal Contactor by :
Download or read book Evaluation of the Hydraulic Capacity and Mass Transfer Efficiency of the CSSX Process with the Optimized Solvent in a Single Stage of 5.5-cm-Diameter Centrifugal Contactor written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX) process has been selected for the separation of cesium from Savannah River Site high-level waste. The solvent composition used in the CSSX process was recently optimized so that the solvent is no longer supersaturated with respect to the calixarene crown ether extractant. Hydraulic performance and mass transfer efficiency testing of a single stage of 5.5-cm ORNL-designed centrifugal contactor has been performed for the CSSX process with the optimized solvent. Maximum throughputs of the 5.5-cm centrifugal contactor, as a function of contactor rotor speed, have been measured for the extraction, scrub, strip, and wash sections of the CSSX flowsheet at the baseline organic/aqueous flow ratios (O/A) of the process, as well as at O/A's 20% higher and 20% lower than the baseline. Maximum throughputs are comparable to the design throughput of the contactor, as well as with throughputs obtained previously in a 5-cm centrifugal contactor with the non-optimized CSSX solvent formulation. The 20% variation in O/A had minimal effect on contactor throughput. Additionally, mass transfer efficiencies have been determined for the extraction and strip sections of the flowsheet. Efficiencies were lower than the process goal of greater than or equal to 80%, ranging from 72 to 75% for the extraction section and from 36 to 60% in the strip section. Increasing the mixing intensity and/or the solution level in the mixing zone of the centrifugal contactor (residence time) could potentially increase efficiencies. Several methods are available to accomplish this including (1) increasing the size of the opening in the bottom of the rotor, resulting in a contactor which is partially pumping instead of fully pumping, (2) decreasing the number of vanes in the contactor, (3) increasing the vane height, or (4) adding vanes on the rotor and baffles on the housing of the contactor. The low efficiency results obtained stress the importance of proper design of a centrifugal contactor for use in the CSSX process. A prototype of any centrifugal contactors designed for future pilot-scale or full-scale processing should be thoroughly tested prior to implementation.
Download or read book Reactor Fuel Processing written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reprocessing of Irradiated Fission Reactor Fuel and Breeding Materials by :
Download or read book Reprocessing of Irradiated Fission Reactor Fuel and Breeding Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Performance of a Centrifugal Mixer-settler as a Phase Separator by : C. B. Goodlett
Download or read book Performance of a Centrifugal Mixer-settler as a Phase Separator written by C. B. Goodlett and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Keywords Index to U.S. Government Technical Reports by :
Download or read book Keywords Index to U.S. Government Technical Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 1160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Publications by : Savannah River Laboratory
Download or read book Publications written by Savannah River Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 1330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Purex Process Performance with Short-residence Contactors by :
Download or read book Purex Process Performance with Short-residence Contactors written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book TID. written by and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction by : Bruce A. Moyer
Download or read book Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction written by Bruce A. Moyer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-08-19 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth in the world's nuclear industry, motivated by peaking world oil supplies, concerns about the greenhouse effect, and domestic needs for energy independence, has resulted in a heightened focus on the need for next-generation nuclear fuel-cycle technologies. Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction: A Series of Advances, Volume 19 provides a com