Hungarys Integration Into Eu Markets

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Hungary's Integration Into European Union Markets

Author : Bart?omiej Kami?ski
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Hungary's Integration Into European Union Markets by : Bart?omiej Kami?ski

Download or read book Hungary's Integration Into European Union Markets written by Bart?omiej Kami?ski and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: June 1999 - Can Hungarian firms cope with competitive pressures and market forces within the European Union market (a criterion for joining)? The empirical evidence suggests that Hungary can withstand such competitive pressures without suppressing the real incomes of Hungary's citizens. Hungary has achieved impressive results in reorienting both its production and trade. Between 1989 and 1992, as the former CMEA markets collapsed and Hungary liberalized imports and the exchange rate regime, exports to the European Union (EU) expanded, with manufactured exports redirected largely to Western (mostly EU) markets. During this first phase of expansion, characterized by a dramatic reorientation and explosion of trade, the value of Hungary's exports increased 84 percent. In 1993 export expansion lost steam and EU-oriented exports fell 12 percent. In a second phase of expansion (in 1994-97), driven by restructured and rapidly changing export offers, exports again registered strong performance, their value increasing 132 percent. There was a dramatic shift from an export basket dominated by resource-intensive, low-value-added products to one driven by manufactures, with a rapidly accelerating growth of engineering products. Machinery and transport equipment rose from 12 percent of exports to the EU in 1989 to more than 50 percent in 1997. The shift from natural resource and unskilled-labor-intensive products to technology- and capital-intensive products in EU-oriented exports suggests the potential for integration higher in the value-added spectrum. More stringent EU environmental regulations will affect a relatively low, and falling, share of Hungary's exports. The Hungarian share of environmentally dirty products imported by the EU has increased, but these products have not been trendsetters among Hungarian exports, their share in exports falling from 26 percent in 1989 to 16 percent in 1996. The rapid pace of Hungary's turnaround seems to reflect the emergence of second-generation firms, mostly foreign-owned. Foreign-owned firms tend to be more export-oriented. Hungary has been one of the more successful transition economies because its economy was receptive to foreign direct investment from the outset. Between 1990 and 1997, Hungary absorbed roughly half of all foreign capital invested in Central Europe. This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to study regional integration. The author may be contacted at bkaminski@@worldbank.org.

The Economic Integration of Europe

Author : Richard Pomfret
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674259432
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economic Integration of Europe by : Richard Pomfret

Download or read book The Economic Integration of Europe written by Richard Pomfret and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The clearest and most up-to-date account of the achievements—and setbacks—of the European Union since 1945. Europe has been transformed since the Second World War. No longer a checkerboard of entirely sovereign states, the continent has become the largest single-market area in the world, with most of its members ceding certain economic and political powers to the central government of the European Union. This shift is the product of world-historical change, but the process is not well understood. The changes came in fits and starts. There was no single blueprint for reform; rather, the EU is the result of endless political turmoil and dazzling bureaucratic gymnastics. As Brexit demonstrates, there are occasional steps backward, too. Cutting through the complexity, Richard Pomfret presents a uniquely clear and comprehensive analysis of an incredible achievement in economic cooperation. The Economic Integration of Europe follows all the major steps in the creation of the single market since the postwar establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community. Pomfret identifies four stages of development: the creation of a customs union, the deepening of economic union with the Single Market, the years of monetary union and eastward expansion, and, finally, problems of consolidation. Throughout, he details the economic benefits, costs, and controversies associated with each step in the evolution of the EU. What lies ahead? Pomfret concludes that, for all its problems, Europe has grown more prosperous from integration and is likely to increase its power on the global stage.

The 'Long 1970s'

Author : Poul Villaume
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317045602
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The 'Long 1970s' by : Poul Villaume

Download or read book The 'Long 1970s' written by Poul Villaume and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-28 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today it is widely recognised that the 'long 1970s' was a decisive international transition period during which traditional, collective-oriented socio-economic interest and welfare policies were increasingly replaced by the more individually and neo-liberally oriented value policies of the post-industrial epoch. Seen from a distance of three decades, it is increasingly clear that these socio-economic and socio-cultural processes also found their expression at the level of national and international political power. The contributors to this volume explore these processes of political-cultural realignment and their social impetus in Western Europe and the Euro-Atlantic area in and around the 1970s in the context of three agenda-setting topics of international history of this period: human rights, including the impact of decolonisation; East-West détente in Europe; and transnational relations and discourses. Going beyond the so-called Americanisation processes of the immediate postwar period, this volume reclaims Europe's place – and particularly that of smaller European nations – in contemporary Western history, demonstrating Europe's contribution to transatlantic transformation processes in political culture, discourse, and power during this period.

Hungary's Integration Into EU Markets

Author : Bartłomiej Kamiński
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Hungary's Integration Into EU Markets by : Bartłomiej Kamiński

Download or read book Hungary's Integration Into EU Markets written by Bartłomiej Kamiński and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Post-Communist Mafia State

Author : B lint Magyar
Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 6155513546
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-Communist Mafia State by : B lint Magyar

Download or read book Post-Communist Mafia State written by B lint Magyar and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Having won a two-third majority in Parliament at the 2010 elections, the Hungarian political party Fidesz removed many of the institutional obstacles of exerting power. Just like the party, the state itself was placed under the control of a single individual, who since then has applied the techniques used within his party to enforce submission and obedience onto society as a whole. In a new approach the author characterizes the system as the ?organized over-world?, the ?state employing mafia methods? and the ?adopted political family', applying these categories not as metaphors but elements of a coherent conceptual framework. The actions of the post-communist mafia state model are closely aligned with the interests of power and wealth concentrated in the hands of a small group of insiders. While the traditional mafia channeled wealth and economic players into its spheres of influence by means of direct coercion, the mafia state does the same by means of parliamentary legislation, legal prosecution, tax authority, police forces and secret service. The innovative conceptual framework of the book is important and timely not only for Hungary, but also for other post-communist countries subjected to autocratic rules. ÿ

European Integration, 1950-2003

Author : John Gillingham
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521012621
Total Pages : 612 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (126 download)

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Book Synopsis European Integration, 1950-2003 by : John Gillingham

Download or read book European Integration, 1950-2003 written by John Gillingham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-06-02 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integration is the most significant European historical development in the past fifty years, eclipsing in importance even the collapse of the USSR. Yet, until now, no satisfactory explanation is to be found in any single book as to why integration is significant, how it originated, how it has changed Europe, and where it is headed. Professor Gillingham s work corrects the inadequacies of the existing literature by cutting through the genuine confusion that surrounds the activities of the European Union, and by looking at his subject from a truly historical perspective. The late-twentieth century has been an era of great, though insufficiently appreciated, accomplishment that intellectually and morally is still emerging from the shadow of an earlier one of depression, and modern despotism. This is a work, then, that captures the historical distinctiveness of Europe in a way that transcends current party political debate.

Andorra and the European Union

Author : Michael Emerson
Publisher : CEPS
ISBN 13 : 9290797339
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis Andorra and the European Union by : Michael Emerson

Download or read book Andorra and the European Union written by Michael Emerson and published by CEPS. This book was released on 2007 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Divided Nations and European Integration

Author : Tristan James Mabry
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812244974
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Divided Nations and European Integration by : Tristan James Mabry

Download or read book Divided Nations and European Integration written by Tristan James Mabry and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2013-06-27 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For ethnic minorities in Europe separated by state borders—such as Basques in France and Spain or Hungarians who reside in Slovakia and Romania—the European Union has offered the hope of reconnection or at least of rendering the divisions less obstructive. Conationals on different sides of European borders may look forward to increased political engagement, including new norms to support the sharing of sovereignty, enhanced international cooperation, more porous borders, and invigorated protections for minority rights. Under the pan-European umbrella, it has been claimed that those belonging to divided nations would no longer have to depend solely on the goodwill of the governments of their states to have their collective rights respected. Yet for many divided nations, the promise of the European Union and other pan-European institutions remains unfulfilled. Divided Nations and European Integration examines the impact of the expansion of European institutions and the ways the EU acts as a confederal association of member states, rather than a fully multinational federation of peoples. A wide range of detailed case studies consider national communities long within the borders of the European Union, such as the Irish and Basques; communities that have more recently joined, such as the Croats and Hungarians; and communities that are not yet members but are on its borders or in its "near abroad," such as the Albanians, Serbs, and Kurds. This authoritative volume provides cautionary but valuable insights to students of European institutions, nations and nationalism, regional integration, conflict resolution, and minority rights. Contributors: Tozun Bahcheli, Zoe Bray, Alexandra Channer, Zsuzsa Csergő, Marsaili Fraser, James M. Goldgeier, Michael Keating, Tristan James Mabry, John McGarry, Margaret Moore, Sid Noel, Brendan O'Leary, David Romano, Etain Tannam, Stefan Wolff.

Romania's Integration Into European Markets

Author : Bart?omiej Kami?ski
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Romania's Integration Into European Markets by : Bart?omiej Kami?ski

Download or read book Romania's Integration Into European Markets written by Bart?omiej Kami?ski and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In defiance of its unimpressive track in structural reforms and relatively low foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows, Romanian exports have experienced surprisingly strong performance in both EU and non-EU markets since 2000 after a four-year period of flat growth. While the first phase of growth in 1992-95 can be easily explained by redirection of trade toward the EU once the state monopoly over foreign trade was abolished and other policy areas liberalized, the current second phase of export expansion raises questions concerning its drivers and sustainability. Having examined overall foreign trade performance, evolving patterns of specialization, Romania's competitiveness in EU sunrise markets, changes in factor intensities of trade with the EU, and 'intra-product' trade, Kaminski and Ng conclude that Romania's export offer has become diversified, reflecting an impressive progress in industrial restructuring. Restructuring has been facilitated by FDI inflows, even though they appear to have been too small to generate such a big effect. Romanian firms have become increasingly part of international production networks and traditional global value chains. Sustainability of this performance depends on maintaining macroeconomic stabilty and keeping wage increases in line with productivity growth, as well as increasing Romania's ability to attract larger FDI inflows through improvements in business climate and trade facilitation. This paper--a product of the Trade Team, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to analyze regional integration and trade policy"--World Bank web site.

Information Spillovers and Market Integration in International Finance

Author : Suk-Joong Kim
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9789813223578
Total Pages : 626 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (235 download)

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Book Synopsis Information Spillovers and Market Integration in International Finance by : Suk-Joong Kim

Download or read book Information Spillovers and Market Integration in International Finance written by Suk-Joong Kim and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2017 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contents in this volume are based on the program Sets and Computations that was held at the Institute for Mathematical Sciences, National University of Singapore from 30 March until 30 April 2015. This special collection reports on important and recen

The Retreat of Liberal Democracy

Author : Gábor Scheiring
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030487520
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis The Retreat of Liberal Democracy by : Gábor Scheiring

Download or read book The Retreat of Liberal Democracy written by Gábor Scheiring and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-26 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the product of three years of empirical research, four years in politics, and a lifetime in a country experiencing three different regimes. Transcending disciplinary boundaries, it provides a fresh answer to a simple yet profound question: why has liberal democracy retreated? Scheiring argues that Hungary’s new hybrid authoritarian regime emerged as a political response to the tensions of globalisation. He demonstrates how Viktor Orbán’s Fidesz exploited the rising nationalism among the working-class casualties of deindustrialisation and the national bourgeoisie to consolidate illiberal hegemony. As the world faces a new wave of autocratisation, Hungary’s lessons become relevant across the globe, and this book represents a significant contribution to understanding challenges to democracy. This work will be useful to students and researchers across political sociology, political science, economics and social anthropology, as well democracy advocates.

The European Union

Author : Ali M. El-Agraa
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139499432
Total Pages : 519 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis The European Union by : Ali M. El-Agraa

Download or read book The European Union written by Ali M. El-Agraa and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-09-08 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Union has established itself as a leading text that provides readers from all disciplines with a sound understanding of the economics and policies of the EU. Its wealth of information, detail and analysis has ensured that previous editions have been read by a generation of students, researchers and policy makers. It covers all major EU policy areas as well as theories of economic integration, the theory of economic and monetary union (EMU), the measurement of the economic effects of European integration and the legal dimension in EU integration. It also includes an explanation and analysis of all recent developments affecting the EU such as enlargement, the ratification of the Nice Treaty and the Convention for the Future of Europe. This edition has been thoroughly revised and updated and includes new resources to help students and teachers, including summaries, review questions, suggestions for essay titles and further reading lists.

The Emerging Economic Geography in EU Accession Countries

Author : Peter Nijkamp
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351776533
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis The Emerging Economic Geography in EU Accession Countries by : Peter Nijkamp

Download or read book The Emerging Economic Geography in EU Accession Countries written by Peter Nijkamp and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2003. Since 1990, Central and Eastern European countries have experienced increased economic integration with the European Union. The spatial implications of this process have been little investigated so far. Have patterns of regional specialization and industrial concentration changed during the 1990s? How does regional specialization relate to economic performance? How has access to Western markets affected the regional wage structure? What types of regions are winners and what types of regions are losers? This book poses and answers such policy relevant questions. It is organized into three parts. The first introduces the main features of economic integration and transition processes in Central and Eastern Europe and discusses the theoretical and methodological framework of the research. The second part examines the cases of five countries: Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary, Romania and Slovenia, and the final part includes three comparative analyses which explain the underlying factors that determine the changing patterns of location of manufacturing activity, the adjustment pattern of regional wages and adaptation processes in border regions in the five countries.

The EU Social Market Economy and the Law

Author : Delia Ferri
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351068504
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis The EU Social Market Economy and the Law by : Delia Ferri

Download or read book The EU Social Market Economy and the Law written by Delia Ferri and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-07-20 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigating the extent to which the European Union can be defined as a "highly competitive social market economy", this edited collection illustrates and tests the constitutional reverberations of Art. 3(3) of the Treaty on the European Union, and discusses its actual and potential transformative effect. In the aftermath of Brexit, and in the 60th anniversary of the Treaty of Rome, the book is particularly timely and topical, offering new and deeper insights on the complex and constantly evolving social dimension of the EU, ultimately reflecting on how the objective of (re)constituting the EU as a "highly competitive social market economy" might best be achieved.

Europe in 12 Lessons

Author : Pascal Fontaine
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789279535901
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis Europe in 12 Lessons by : Pascal Fontaine

Download or read book Europe in 12 Lessons written by Pascal Fontaine and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Managing European Union Enlargement

Author : Helge Berger
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262025614
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (256 download)

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Book Synopsis Managing European Union Enlargement by : Helge Berger

Download or read book Managing European Union Enlargement written by Helge Berger and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading international economists assess the effects of the 2004 expansion of the European Union. In May 2004 the European Union will undergo the largest expansion in its history when ten countries -- Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia -- become members. The number of new members and their diversity make this "big bang" enlargement particularly challenging. Not only do these countries vary widely in language, culture, and geography, but also their per capita income is less than half that of existing members. EU officials believe that expanded integration will serve the EU's objectives of peace, stability, prosperity, and democracy; but the less abstract questions of costs and benefits of enlargement are more complex. Each of the chapters in this CESifo volume addresses a different aspect of EU expansion. The contributors, all leading international practitioners and scholars, consider such topics as the effect of euro zone expansion on European Central Bank monetary policy making; using the euro as an external anchor for a national currency; worker migration and income differentials; the Swiss experience with immigration policy in a direct democracy framework; detailed sector analysis using a computable general equilibrium model of the world economy; investment and job creation and destruction in incumbent member countries; and the asymmetric effects of enlargement on high- and low-income incumbent countries. Taken together, the chapters provide useful guidance in shaping the EU policies of the future.

The Transition to Democracy in Hungary

Author : Dae Soon Kim
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113504550X
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis The Transition to Democracy in Hungary by : Dae Soon Kim

Download or read book The Transition to Democracy in Hungary written by Dae Soon Kim and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike in other countries of Eastern Europe where the opposition to communism came in the form of single mass movements led by charismatic leaders such as Václav Havel and Lech Wałęsa, in Hungary the opposition was very fragmented, brought together and made effective only by the authoritative, significant but relatively unknown Árpád Göncz, who subsequently became Hungary’s first post-communist president. This book charts the political career of Árpád Göncz, outlining the outstanding contribution he made to Hungary’s transition to democracy. Drawing on a wide range of sources, including archives and interviews with Göncz himself and others, it shows how Göncz, unlike Havel who was a playwright and whose political role was largely symbolic, was a campaigning politician all his life, consistently advocating social democratic, but not communist, values. Imprisoned from 1956 for his participation in the 1956 uprising, Göncz was a highly-effective political operator in the transition period around 1989, and as president wielded real power effectively. As politics in Hungary are again marred by deep division and fragmentation, Göncz’s success in bringing rival groups together is even more pronounced.