Human Ecology As Human Behavior

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Human Ecology as Human Behavior

Author : John W. Bennett
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351514474
Total Pages : 478 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Ecology as Human Behavior by : John W. Bennett

Download or read book Human Ecology as Human Behavior written by John W. Bennett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human interaction with the natural environment has a dual character. By turning increasing quantities of natural substances into physical resources, human beings might be said to have freed themselves from the constraints of low-technology survival pressures. However, the process has generated a new dependence on nature in the form of complex "socionatural systems," as Bennett calls them, in which human society and behavior are so interlocked with the management of the environment that small changes in the systems can lead to disaster. Bennett's essays cover a wide range: from the philosophy of environmentalism to the ecology of economic development; from the human impact on semi-arid lands to the ecology of Japanese forest management. This expanded paperback edition includes a new chapter on the role of anthropology in economic development.Bennett's essays exhibit an underlying pessimism: if human behavior toward the physical environment is the distinctive cause of environmental abuse, then reform of current management practices offers only temporary relief; that is, conservationism, like democracy, must be continually reaffirmed. Clearly presented and free of jargon, Human Ecology as Human Behavior will be of interest to anthropologists, economists, and environmentalists.

Human Ecology as Human Behavior

Author : John W. Bennett
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351514482
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Ecology as Human Behavior by : John W. Bennett

Download or read book Human Ecology as Human Behavior written by John W. Bennett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human interaction with the natural environment has a dual character. By turning increasing quantities of natural substances into physical resources, human beings might be said to have freed themselves from the constraints of low-technology survival pressures. However, the process has generated a new dependence on nature in the form of complex "socionatural systems," as Bennett calls them, in which human society and behavior are so interlocked with the management of the environment that small changes in the systems can lead to disaster. Bennett's essays cover a wide range: from the philosophy of environmentalism to the ecology of economic development; from the human impact on semi-arid lands to the ecology of Japanese forest management. This expanded paperback edition includes a new chapter on the role of anthropology in economic development.Bennett's essays exhibit an underlying pessimism: if human behavior toward the physical environment is the distinctive cause of environmental abuse, then reform of current management practices offers only temporary relief; that is, conservationism, like democracy, must be continually reaffirmed. Clearly presented and free of jargon, Human Ecology as Human Behavior will be of interest to anthropologists, economists, and environmentalists.

Evolutionary Ecology and Human Behavior

Author : Eric Alden Smith
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351521314
Total Pages : 574 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolutionary Ecology and Human Behavior by : Eric Alden Smith

Download or read book Evolutionary Ecology and Human Behavior written by Eric Alden Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-29 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ""à required reading for anyone interested in the economy, ecology, and demography of human societies."" --American Journal of Human Biology ""This excellent book can serve both as a text¼book and as a scholarly reference."" --American Scientist

Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort

Author : George Kingsley Zipf
Publisher : Ravenio Books
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 573 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort by : George Kingsley Zipf

Download or read book Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort written by George Kingsley Zipf and published by Ravenio Books. This book was released on 2016-01-27 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This classic is arranged as follows: Preface 1. The Question of Practical Application. 2. The Question of Natural Science. 1. Introduction and Orientation I. The Selection of a Path II. The “Singleness of the Superlative” III. The Principle of Least Effort IV. The Scope of the Principle: “Tools-and-Jobs” V. Previous Studies VI. Prospectus 2. On the Economy of Words I. In Medias Res: Vocabulary Usage, and the Forces of Unification and Diversification II. The Question of Vocabulary Balance III. The Orderly Distribution of Meanings IV. The Integrality of Frequencies V. The Integrality of Rank VI. The Length of Intervals Between Repetitions VII. The Problem of Spreading Work Over Time (The Even Distribution of Work Over Time) 3. Formal Semantic Balance and the Economy of Evolutionary Process I. The “Minimum Equation” Of Arrangement II. The Law of Abbreviation of Words III. The Law of Diminishing Returns of Tools IV. The Law of Diminishing Returns of Words 4. Children’s Verbalizations and the “Origin of Speech” I. The Problem II. Quantitative Data III. Theoretical Discussion of the “Origin” Of Speech IV. Summary 5. Language as Sensation and Mentation I. The Comparative Conservatism of Tools in the Risks and Opportunities of the Environment II. The Economy of Sensation III. Mentation: The Correlation of Sensory Data IV. A Mind as a Unit Semantic System V. Intellectual Rigidity and Death: Miscellanea V. Summary: The N Minimum 6. The Ego as the “Origin” Of a Frame of Reference I. A Definition of an Organism II. The Biosocial Population of Organisms III. The Economy of Procreation IV. The Synchrony of the Biosocial Continuum 7. Mind and the Economy of Symbolic Process: Sex, Culture, and Schizophrenia I. Human Sexual Activity II. The Economy of Symbolic Process (Substitution III. Culture, Society, and the Superego IV. Autism and the Confusion of Kinds of Reality V. On Schizophrenic Speech VI. Semantic Dynamics: Summary VI. Language and the Structure of the Personality 8. The Language of Dreams and of Art I. The Language of Dreams II. The Language of Art III. Language and the Structure of the Personality: Mary of Part One 9. The Economy of Geography I. A Lemma in Which a Number of Human Beings Becomes Increasingly More Organized II. The Hypothesis of the “Minimum Equation” III. Empiric Tests IV. Concluding Remarks 10. Intranational and International Cooperation and Conflict I. Canadian Data II. Unstable and Stable Intranational Conditions III. Stable and Unstable International Equilibria 11. The Distribution of Economic Power and Social Status I. Theoretical Considerations II. Empiric Data III. The Interaction Between Individuals: Dominance and Submission IV. Summary 12. Prestige Symbols and Cultural Vogues I. Theoretical Considerations II. Pioneer Empiric Data III. Musical Composers and Compositions IV. Samples of Congressional Action V. Summary

Environment and Culture

Author : Irwin Altman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489904514
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis Environment and Culture by : Irwin Altman

Download or read book Environment and Culture written by Irwin Altman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following upon the first two volumes in this series, which dealt with a broad spectrum of topics in the environment and behavior field, ranging from theoretical to applied, and including disciplinary, interdisciplinary, and professionally oriented approaches, we have chosen to devote sub sequent volumes to more specifically defined topics. Thus, Volume Three dealt with Children and the Environment, seen from the combined perspective of researchers in environmental and developmental psy chology. The present volume has a similarly topical coverage, dealing with the complex set of relationships between culture and the physical environment. It is broad and necessarily eclectic with respect to content, theory, methodology, and epistemological stance, and the contributors to it represent a wide variety of fields and disciplines, including psy chology, geography, anthropology, economics, and environmental de sign. We were fortunate to enlist the collaboration of Amos Rapoport in the organization and editing of this volume, as he brings to this task a particularly pertinent perspective that combines anthropology and ar chitecture. Volume Five of the series, presently in preparation, will cover the subject of behavioral science aspects of transportation. Irwin Altman Joachim F. Wohlwill ix Contents Introduction 1 CHAPTER 1 CROSS-CULTURAL ASPECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN AMOS RAPOPORT Introduction 7 Culture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Environmental Design 10 The Relationship of Culture and Environmental Design . . . . . . . . . 15 The Variability of Culture-Environment Relations 19 Culture-Specific Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Designing for Culture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Implications for the Future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 CHAPTER 2 CROSS-CULTURAL RESEARCH METHODS: STRATEGIES, PROBLEMS, ApPLICATIONS RICHARD W.

Human Ecology as Human Behavior

Author : John William Bennett
Publisher : Transaction Pub
ISBN 13 : 9781560000686
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Ecology as Human Behavior by : John William Bennett

Download or read book Human Ecology as Human Behavior written by John William Bennett and published by Transaction Pub. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human interaction with the physical environment has a dual character. By turning increasing quantities of natural substances and other living species into "natural resources," human beings might be said to have freed themselves from the constraints of the natural world. However, this "freedom" has resulted in population increases and environmental damage that make human beings ever more dependent on nature. In Human Ecology as Human Behavior, John W. Bennett, one of the few anthropologists concerned with contemporary environmental issues, goes to the heart of this paradox to provide a wide-ranging, cross-disciplinary inquiry into the behavioral aspects of environmental problems and economic development. Bennett's essays are headed by an exposition of basic theory, followed by presentations of his major field studies of resource management

Adaptation and Human Behavior

Author : Napoleon Chagnon
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351329189
Total Pages : 580 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Adaptation and Human Behavior by : Napoleon Chagnon

Download or read book Adaptation and Human Behavior written by Napoleon Chagnon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents state-of-the-art empirical studies working in a paradigm that has become known as human behavioral ecology. The emergence of this approach in anthropology was marked by publication by Aldine in 1979 of an earlier collection of studies edited by Chagnon and Irons entitled Evolutionary Biology and Human Social Behavior: An Anthropological Perspective. During the two decades that have passed since then, this innovative approach has matured and expanded into new areas that are explored here. The book opens with an introductory chapter by Chagnon and Irons tracing the origins of human behavioral ecology and its subsequent development. Subsequent chapters, written by both younger scholars and established researchers, cover a wide range of societies and topics organ-ized into six sections. The first section includes two chapters that provide historical background on the development of human behavioral ecology and com-pare it to two complementary approaches in the study of evolution and human behavior, evolutionary psychology, and dual inheritance theory. The second section includes five studies of mating efforts in a variety of societies from South America and Africa. The third section covers parenting, with five studies on soci-eties from Africa, Asia, and North America. The fourth section breaks somewhat with the tradition in human behavioral ecology by focusing on one particularly problematic issue, the demographic transition, using data from Europe, North America, and Asia. The fifth section includes studies of cooperation and helping behaviors, using data from societies in Micronesia and South America. The sixth and final section consists of a single chapter that places the volume in a broader critical and comparative context. The contributions to this volume demonstrate, with a high degree of theoretical and methodological sophistication--the maturity and freshness of this new paradigm in the study of human behavior. The volume will be of interest to anthropologists and other professions working on the study of cross-cultural human behavior.

The Ecology of Human Development

Author : Urie BRONFENBRENNER
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674028848
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ecology of Human Development by : Urie BRONFENBRENNER

Download or read book The Ecology of Human Development written by Urie BRONFENBRENNER and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is a book that challenges the very basis of the way psychologists have studied child development. According to Urie Bronfenbrenner, one of the world's foremost developmental psychologists, laboratory studies of the child's behavior sacrifice too much in order to gain experimental control and analytic rigor. Laboratory observations, he argues, too often lead to "the science of the strange behavior of children in strange situations with strange adults for the briefest possible periods of time." To understand the way children actually develop, Bronfenbrenner believes that it will be necessary to observe their behavior in natural settings, while they are interacting with familiar adults over prolonged periods of time. This book offers an important blueprint for constructing such a new and ecologically valid psychology of development. The blueprint includes a complete conceptual framework for analysing the layers of the environment that have a formative influence on the child. This framework is applied to a variety of settings in which children commonly develop, ranging from the pediatric ward to daycare, school, and various family configurations. The result is a rich set of hypotheses about the developmental consequences of various types of environments. Where current research bears on these hypotheses, Bronfenbrenner marshals the data to show how an ecological theory can be tested. Where no relevant data exist, he suggests new and interesting ecological experiments that might be undertaken to resolve current unknowns. Bronfenbrenner's groundbreaking program for reform in developmental psychology is certain to be controversial. His argument flies in the face of standard psychological procedures and challenges psychology to become more relevant to the ways in which children actually develop. It is a challenge psychology can ill-afford to ignore.

The Ecological Transition

Author : John W. Bennett
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483136418
Total Pages : 389 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ecological Transition by : John W. Bennett

Download or read book The Ecological Transition written by John W. Bennett and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-06-06 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ecological Transition studies the relationships between humans and the physical environment. It also assesses some converging approaches in cultural anthropology, including cultural ecology, economic anthropology, social exchange, and behavioral adaptation. Comprised of ten chapters, this book focuses on ecological transition, which refers to the process by which humans incorporate nature into society. It discusses how to formulate a policy-oriented cultural ecology and looks at the ecological transition as material evolution and as a problem of equilibrium. The succeeding chapters review some of the contributions of cultural ecology, including its successes and failures. Finally, the book examines the concept of adaptive and maladaptive actions in human ecology. This book is useful for anthropologists who are interested in cultural-ecological research and its implications in public policy.

Cultural Values and Human Ecology in Southeast Asia

Author : Karl L. Hutterer
Publisher : U OF M CENTER FOR SOUTH EAST ASIAN STUDI
ISBN 13 : 0891480390
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (914 download)

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Book Synopsis Cultural Values and Human Ecology in Southeast Asia by : Karl L. Hutterer

Download or read book Cultural Values and Human Ecology in Southeast Asia written by Karl L. Hutterer and published by U OF M CENTER FOR SOUTH EAST ASIAN STUDI. This book was released on 1985-01-01 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecologists have long based their conceptual frameworks in the natural sciences. Recently, however, they have acknowledged that ecosystems cannot be understood without taking into account human interventions that may have taken place for thousands of years. And for their part, social scientists have recognized that human behavior must be understood in the environment in which it is acted out. Researchers have thus begun to develop the area of “human ecology.” Yet human ecology needs suitable conceptual frameworks to tie the human and natural together. In response, Cultural Values and Human Ecology uses the framework of cultural values to collect a set of highly diverse contributions to the field of human ecology. Values represent an important and essential aspect of the intellectual organization of a society, integrated into and ordained by the over-arching cosmological system, and constituting the meaningful basis for action, in terms of concreteness and abstraction of content as well as mutability and permanence. Because of this balance, values lend themselves to the kinds of analyses of ecological relationships conducted here, those that demand a reasonable amount of specificity as well as historical stability. The contributions to Cultural Values and Human Ecology are exceedingly diverse. They include abstract theoretical discussions and specific case studies, ranging across the landscape of Southeast Asia from the islands to southern China. They deal with hunting-gathering populations as well as peasants operating within contemporary nation-states, and they are the work of natural scientists, social scientists, and humanists of Western and Asian origin. Diversity in the backgrounds of the authors contributes most to the varied approaches to the theme of this volume, because differences in cultural background and academic tradition will lead to different research interests and to differences in the empirical approaches chosen to pursue given problems.

Explaining Human Actions and Environmental Changes

Author : Andrew P. Vayda
Publisher : Rowman Altamira
ISBN 13 : 0759119007
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (591 download)

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Book Synopsis Explaining Human Actions and Environmental Changes by : Andrew P. Vayda

Download or read book Explaining Human Actions and Environmental Changes written by Andrew P. Vayda and published by Rowman Altamira. This book was released on 2009-05-15 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this selection of essays from the past two decades, Vayda focuses on research and explanation concerned with causes of concrete events, especially human actions and the environmental changes brought about by them.

Volcanic Activity and Human Ecology

Author : Payson D. Sheets
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483263185
Total Pages : 662 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Volcanic Activity and Human Ecology by : Payson D. Sheets

Download or read book Volcanic Activity and Human Ecology written by Payson D. Sheets and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-24 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volcanic Activity and Human Ecology deals with dating, chronology, stratigraphy, volcanic activity, and with the impacts of volcanism on animals, plants, human populations, and the environment. Some of the chapters explain how such findings must be weighed against other causes that influence human behavior and survival, such as factors of social customs, climatic change, shifting biogeographic patterns, disease, and the ability to adapt. Each of the chapters that assess the possible human response to volcanism does so by searching for multiple explanations of the archaeological record, avoiding the simple argument that people were dramatically and inevitably overcome by catastrophic geologic events. The book begins with discussions of volcanism as seen by geologists and pedologists. These include s a general overview of volcanoes and volcanism; a review of the production, dispersal, and properties of tephra and of the geologic methods used to study tephra; and the nature of volcanic soils and their economic impact. Subsequent chapters use the geologic and modern records to examine volcanoes as hazards to people. The final series of papers deals with the interrelationships between volcanism and human occupations as seen through the archaeological, paleobotanical, and paleozoological records.

Behavior and the Natural Environment

Author : Irwin Altman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461335396
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)

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Book Synopsis Behavior and the Natural Environment by : Irwin Altman

Download or read book Behavior and the Natural Environment written by Irwin Altman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theme of the present volume concerns people' s response to the natural environment, considered at scales varying from that of a house hold plant to that of vast wilderness areas. Our decision to focus on this particular segment of the physical environment was prompted in part by the intrinsic interest in this subject on the part of a diverse group of sodal scientists and professionals-and of laypersons, for that matter and in part by the relative neglect of this topic in standard treatments of the environment-behavior field. It also serves to bring out once again the interdisdplinary nature of that field, and we are pleased to have been able to inc1ude representatives from geography, sodology, soda! ecology, and natural recreation among our contributors. We believe that this volume will serve a useful purpose in helping to integrate the find ings and concepts in this presently somewhat fragmented field, scat tered as they are over a very diverse array of publications representing a similarly varied group of spedalties. It is hoped that the result will be to stimulate future development of this area and to add a measure of in creased coherence to it. Volume 7 of our series will be devoted to the theme of elderly people and the environment, with M. Powell Lawton joining us as guest co-editor. The titles of the papers comprising Volume 7 are shown on page v. Irwin Altman J oachim F. Wohlwill ix Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Principles of Human Ecology

Author : Peter J. Richerson
Publisher : Pearson Custom Pub
ISBN 13 : 9780536592675
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Human Ecology by : Peter J. Richerson

Download or read book Principles of Human Ecology written by Peter J. Richerson and published by Pearson Custom Pub. This book was released on 1996 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Studying Human Behavior

Author : Helen E. Longino
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226492877
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (264 download)

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Book Synopsis Studying Human Behavior by : Helen E. Longino

Download or read book Studying Human Behavior written by Helen E. Longino and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2013-01-18 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, Longino enters into the complexities of human behavioural research, a domain still dominated by the age-old debate of 'nature versus nurture'. Longino focuses on how scientists study it, specifically sexual behaviour and aggression, and asks what can be known about human behaviour through empirical investigation.

Socioeconomic Aspects of Human Behavioral Ecology

Author : M. Alvard
Publisher : JAI Press Incorporated
ISBN 13 : 9780762310821
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Socioeconomic Aspects of Human Behavioral Ecology by : M. Alvard

Download or read book Socioeconomic Aspects of Human Behavioral Ecology written by M. Alvard and published by JAI Press Incorporated. This book was released on 2004-12-30 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demonstrates the behavioral ecology's maturation as a subfield of anthropology. These papers also show how behavioral ecology conceptually integrates the core of biological anthropology with the other subdisciplines by providing a common framework for investigating and understanding basic economic questions.

That Complex Whole

Author : Lee Cronk
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 042996546X
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis That Complex Whole by : Lee Cronk

Download or read book That Complex Whole written by Lee Cronk and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-20 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our understanding of the evolution of human behavior has grown enormously over the past few decades, and an increasing number of behavioral and social scientists are making use of evolutionary theory in their work to shed light on issues ranging from marriage and parenting to the study of mental illness. The success of this research program is thre