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Human Cognitive Abilities
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Book Synopsis Human Cognitive Abilities by : John Bissell Carroll
Download or read book Human Cognitive Abilities written by John Bissell Carroll and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-01-29 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results of more than seventy years of investigation, by factor analysis, of the varieties of cognitive abilities, are described with particular attention to abilities in language, thinking, memory, visual and auditory perception, creativity, etc.
Book Synopsis Human Cognitive Abilities by : John Bissell Carroll
Download or read book Human Cognitive Abilities written by John Bissell Carroll and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Human Cognitive Abilities in Theory and Practice by : John J. McArdle
Download or read book Human Cognitive Abilities in Theory and Practice written by John J. McArdle and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-04-04 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on human cognitive abilities has a long history in psychology and education, and has been widely applied to practical problems in schools, clinics, and employment settings. This book explores the historical background and current views of how human intelligence manifests itself in real-world contexts.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Capitalism by : Heiner Rindermann
Download or read book Cognitive Capitalism written by Heiner Rindermann and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-15 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nations can vary greatly in their wealth, democratic rights and the wellbeing of their citizens. These gaps are often obvious, and by studying the flow of immigration one can easily predict people's wants and needs. But why are there also large differences in the level of education indicating disparities in cognitive ability? How are they related to a country's economic, political and cultural development? Researchers in the paradigms of economics, psychology, sociology, evolution and cultural studies have tried to find answers for these hotly debated issues. In this book, Heiner Rindermann establishes a new model: the emergence of a burgher-civic world, supported by long-term background factors, furthered education and thinking. The burgher-civic world initiated a reciprocal development changing society and culture, resulting in past and present cognitive capital and wealth differences. This is an important text for graduate students and researchers in a wide range of fields, including economics, psychology, sociology and political science, and those working on economic growth, human capital formation and cognitive development.
Book Synopsis Human Cognitive Abilities by : John Bissell Carroll
Download or read book Human Cognitive Abilities written by John Bissell Carroll and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book surveys and summarizes the results of more than seventy years of investigation, by factor analysis, of a variety of cognitive abilities, with particular attention to language, thinking, memory, visual and auditory perception, creativity and the production of ideas, and the speed and accuracy of mental processing. The author describes his detailed findings resulting from reanalysis of more than 460 data sets from the factor-analytic literature, followed by a presentation of a hierarchical, three-stratum theory of cognitive ability and its implications for further research.
Book Synopsis Contemporary Intellectual Assessment, Third Edition by : Dawn P. Flanagan
Download or read book Contemporary Intellectual Assessment, Third Edition written by Dawn P. Flanagan and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2012-01-24 with total page 945 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In one volume, this authoritative reference presents a current, comprehensive overview of intellectual and cognitive assessment, with a focus on practical applications. Leaders in the field describe major theories of intelligence and provide the knowledge needed to use the latest measures of cognitive abilities with individuals of all ages, from toddlers to adults. Evidence-based approaches to test interpretation, and their relevance for intervention, are described. The book addresses critical issues in assessing particular populations—including culturally and linguistically diverse students, gifted students, and those with learning difficulties and disabilities—in today's educational settings. New to This Edition*Incorporates major research advances and legislative and policy changes.*Covers recent test revisions plus additional tests: the NEPSY-II and the Wechsler Nonverbal Scale of Ability.*Expanded coverage of specific populations: chapters on autism spectrum disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, sensory and physical disabilities and traumatic brain injury, and intellectual disabilities.*Chapters on neuropsychological approaches, assessment of executive functions, and multi-tiered service delivery models in schools.
Download or read book Human Abilities written by Ian Dennis and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together many of the leading researchers on human intelligence and cognition to address issues including definition, measurement, and instructional design. Its publication is a result of the Inaugural Spearman Seminar recently held at the University of Plymouth -- a seminar that is slated to become a regularly scheduled event providing a major international forum for the presentation of work on human abilities. To properly inaugurate this series, scientific experts in this field were asked to reflect on various issues raised but not resolved in Charles Spearman's classic work, The Abilities of Man: Their Nature and Measurement, published in 1927. As a result of this approach, the book offers a unique overview of the way in which the study of human abilities has developed since 1927, and of current positions in the field. It offers exhaustive discussions on: * the nature of cognitive abilities and intelligence -- a review of how the factor analytic approach to abilities which grew out of Spearman's work has developed, thoughts regarding the contribution of a cross-cultural perspective, and an elucidation of some of the conceptual issues which often cloud discussions of ability; * different aspects of the contribution of cognitive psychology to our understanding of abilities -- the relationship between Spearman's g and working memory, links between attention and cognitive style, and the area of spatial abilities; * recent developments in latent variable and item response modeling; and * applied issues -- the argument that little predictive value can be gained in occupational selection from measuring abilities other than Spearman's g, and the question of aptitude treatment interactions in education.
Book Synopsis Cognition in the Wild by : Edwin Hutchins
Download or read book Cognition in the Wild written by Edwin Hutchins and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1996-08-26 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edwin Hutchins combines his background as an anthropologist and an open ocean racing sailor and navigator in this account of how anthropological methods can be combined with cognitive theory to produce a new reading of cognitive science. His theoretical insights are grounded in an extended analysis of ship navigation—its computational basis, its historical roots, its social organization, and the details of its implementation in actual practice aboard large ships. The result is an unusual interdisciplinary approach to cognition in culturally constituted activities outside the laboratory—"in the wild." Hutchins examines a set of phenomena that have fallen in the cracks between the established disciplines of psychology and anthropology, bringing to light a new set of relationships between culture and cognition. The standard view is that culture affects the cognition of individuals. Hutchins argues instead that cultural activity systems have cognitive properties of their own that are different from the cognitive properties of the individuals who participate in them. Each action for bringing a large naval vessel into port, for example, is informed by culture: the navigation team can be seen as a cognitive and computational system. Introducing Navy life and work on the bridge, Hutchins makes a clear distinction between the cognitive properties of an individual and the cognitive properties of a system. In striking contrast to the usual laboratory tasks of research in cognitive science, he applies the principal metaphor of cognitive science—cognition as computation (adopting David Marr's paradigm)—to the navigation task. After comparing modern Western navigation with the method practiced in Micronesia, Hutchins explores the computational and cognitive properties of systems that are larger than an individual. He then turns to an analysis of learning or change in the organization of cognitive systems at several scales. Hutchins's conclusion illustrates the costs of ignoring the cultural nature of cognition, pointing to the ways in which contemporary cognitive science can be transformed by new meanings and interpretations. A Bradford Book
Book Synopsis Human Performance Modification by : National Research Council
Download or read book Human Performance Modification written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-11-19 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of technologies to modify natural human physical and cognitive performance is one of increasing interest and concern, especially among military services that may be called on to defeat foreign powers with enhanced warfighter capabilities. Human performance modification (HPM) is a general term that can encompass actions ranging from the use of "natural" materials, such as caffeine or khat as a stimulant, to the application of nanotechnology as a drug delivery mechanism or in an invasive brain implant. Although the literature on HPM typically addresses methods that enhance performance, another possible focus is methods that degrade performance or negatively affect a military force's ability to fight. Advances in medicine, biology, electronics, and computation have enabled an increasingly sophisticated ability to modify the human body, and such innovations will undoubtedly be adopted by military forces, with potential consequences for both sides of the battle lines. Although some innovations may be developed for purely military applications, they are increasingly unlikely to remain exclusively in that sphere because of the globalization and internationalization of the commercial research base. Based on its review of the literature, the presentations it received and on its own expertise, the Committee on Assessing Foreign Technology Development in Human Performance Modification chose to focus on three general areas of HPM: human cognitive modification as a computational problem, human performance modification as a biological problem, and human performance modification as a function of the brain-computer interface. Human Performance Modification: Review of Worldwide Research with a View to the Future summarizes these findings.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Gadgets by : Cecilia Heyes
Download or read book Cognitive Gadgets written by Cecilia Heyes and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-16 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did human minds become so different from those of other animals? What accounts for our capacity to understand the way the physical world works, to think ourselves into the minds of others, to gossip, read, tell stories about the past, and imagine the future? These questions are not new: they have been debated by philosophers, psychologists, anthropologists, evolutionists, and neurobiologists over the course of centuries. One explanation widely accepted today is that humans have special cognitive instincts. Unlike other living animal species, we are born with complicated mechanisms for reasoning about causation, reading the minds of others, copying behaviors, and using language. Cecilia Heyes agrees that adult humans have impressive pieces of cognitive equipment. In her framing, however, these cognitive gadgets are not instincts programmed in the genes but are constructed in the course of childhood through social interaction. Cognitive gadgets are products of cultural evolution, rather than genetic evolution. At birth, the minds of human babies are only subtly different from the minds of newborn chimpanzees. We are friendlier, our attention is drawn to different things, and we have a capacity to learn and remember that outstrips the abilities of newborn chimpanzees. Yet when these subtle differences are exposed to culture-soaked human environments, they have enormous effects. They enable us to upload distinctively human ways of thinking from the social world around us. As Cognitive Gadgets makes clear, from birth our malleable human minds can learn through culture not only what to think but how to think it.
Book Synopsis Origins of Intelligence by : Sue Taylor Parker
Download or read book Origins of Intelligence written by Sue Taylor Parker and published by Johns Hopkins University Press+ORM. This book was released on 2012-10-15 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A look at the origins of cognitive abilities in primate species. Since Darwin’s time, comparative psychologists have searched for a good way to compare cognition in humans and nonhuman primates. In Origins of Intelligence, Sue Parker and Michael McKinney offer such a framework and make a strong case for using human development theory (both Piagetian and neo-Piagetian) to study the evolution of intelligence across primate species. Their approach is comprehensive, covering a broad range of social, symbolic, physical, and logical domains, which fall under the all-encompassing and much-debated term intelligence. A widely held theory among developmental psychologists and social and biological anthropologists is that cognitive evolution in humans has occurred through juvenilization—the gradual accentuation and lengthening of childhood in the evolutionary process. In this work, however, Parker and McKinney argue instead that new stages were added at the end of cognitive development in our hominid ancestors, coining the term adultification by terminal extension to explain this process. Drawing evidence from scores of studies on monkeys, great apes, and human children, this book provides unique insights into ontogenetic constraints that have interacted with selective forces to shape the evolution of cognitive development in our lineage. “The authors’ elegant theory and comprehensive empirical synthesis of how the development of human intelligence and brain evolved opens up cascading heuristic avenues for creatively answering one of the great questions in the human history of ideas.” —Jonas Langer, Human Development “A handy source of information on comparative cognitive abilities related to life history and brain variables.” —James Anderson, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research by : Alex C. Michalos
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research written by Alex C. Michalos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-02-12 with total page 7347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this encyclopedia is to provide a comprehensive reference work on scientific and other scholarly research on the quality of life, including health-related quality of life research or also called patient-reported outcomes research. Since the 1960s two overlapping but fairly distinct research communities and traditions have developed concerning ideas about the quality of life, individually and collectively, one with a fairly narrow focus on health-related issues and one with a quite broad focus. In many ways, the central issues of these fields have roots extending to the observations and speculations of ancient philosophers, creating a continuous exploration by diverse explorers in diverse historic and cultural circumstances over several centuries of the qualities of human existence. What we have not had so far is a single, multidimensional reference work connecting the most salient and important contributions to the relevant fields. Entries are organized alphabetically and cover basic concepts, relatively well established facts, lawlike and causal relations, theories, methods, standardized tests, biographic entries on significant figures, organizational profiles, indicators and indexes of qualities of individuals and of communities of diverse sizes, including rural areas, towns, cities, counties, provinces, states, regions, countries and groups of countries.
Download or read book Human Abilities written by Ian Dennis and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together many of the leading researchers on human intelligence and cognition to address issues including definition, measurement, and instructional design. Its publication is a result of the Inaugural Spearman Seminar recently held at the University of Plymouth -- a seminar that is slated to become a regularly scheduled event providing a major international forum for the presentation of work on human abilities. To properly inaugurate this series, scientific experts in this field were asked to reflect on various issues raised but not resolved in Charles Spearman's classic work, The Abilities of Man: Their Nature and Measurement, published in 1927. As a result of this approach, the book offers a unique overview of the way in which the study of human abilities has developed since 1927, and of current positions in the field. It offers exhaustive discussions on: * the nature of cognitive abilities and intelligence -- a review of how the factor analytic approach to abilities which grew out of Spearman's work has developed, thoughts regarding the contribution of a cross-cultural perspective, and an elucidation of some of the conceptual issues which often cloud discussions of ability; * different aspects of the contribution of cognitive psychology to our understanding of abilities -- the relationship between Spearman's g and working memory, links between attention and cognitive style, and the area of spatial abilities; * recent developments in latent variable and item response modeling; and * applied issues -- the argument that little predictive value can be gained in occupational selection from measuring abilities other than Spearman's g, and the question of aptitude treatment interactions in education.
Book Synopsis Primate Cognition by : Michael Tomasello
Download or read book Primate Cognition written by Michael Tomasello and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1997 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews all that is scientifically known about the cognitive skills of non-human primates and assesses the current state of our knowledge.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience by : Aron K. Barbey
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience written by Aron K. Barbey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-07-01 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook introduces the reader to the thought-provoking research on the neural foundations of human intelligence. Written for undergraduate or graduate students, practitioners, and researchers in psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and related fields, the chapters summarize research emerging from the rapidly developing neuroscience literature on human intelligence. The volume focusses on theoretical innovation and recent advances in the measurement, modelling, and characterization of the neurobiology of intelligence differences, especially from brain imaging studies. It summarizes fundamental issues in the characterization and measurement of general intelligence, and surveys multidisciplinary research consortia and large-scale data repositories for the study of general intelligence. A systematic review of neuroimaging methods for studying intelligence is provided, including structural and diffusion-weighted MRI techniques, functional MRI methods, and spectroscopic imaging of metabolic markers of intelligence.
Book Synopsis Human Cognitive Neuropsychology (Classic Edition) by : Andrew W. Ellis
Download or read book Human Cognitive Neuropsychology (Classic Edition) written by Andrew W. Ellis and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2017-07-14 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive neuropsychology seeks to understand impairments of specific cognitive functions in relation to a model of normal cognitive processing. The conclusions drawn from the study of abnormal processes are in turn used in the development and testing of theories of normal cognition. First published in 1988, this seminal book represented an attempt to synthesize and systematize progress in the study of cognitive neuropsychology and therefore provides an important snapshot of the field at the time. In addition to reviewing different forms of impairment and discussing their implications for theories of normal function, this book also examines the empirical and theoretical foundations of the subject including the use of single-case studies and the assumptions that must be made about the mind and brain. This classic edition marks 25 years in print, and includes a brand new introduction written by the authors, Ellis and Young. The Augmented Edition of Human Cognitive Neuropsychology published in 1997 is also still available. This classic edition will be important reading for students of cognitive psychology, cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology.
Book Synopsis Human Spatial Cognition and Experience by : Toru Ishikawa
Download or read book Human Spatial Cognition and Experience written by Toru Ishikawa and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-06-15 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers students an introduction to human spatial cognition and experience and is designed for graduate and advanced undergraduate students who are interested in the study of maps in the head and the psychology of space. We live in space and space surrounds us. We interact with space all the time, consciously or unconsciously, and make decisions and actions based on our perceptions of that space. Have you ever wondered how some people navigate perfectly using maps in their heads while other people get lost even with a physical map? What do you mean when you say you have a poor "sense of direction"? How do we know where we are? How do we use and represent information about space? This book clarifies that our knowledge and feelings emerge as a consequence of our interactions with the surrounding space, and show that the knowledge and feelings direct, guide, or limit our spatial behavior and experience. Space matters, or more specifically space we perceive matters. Research into spatial cognition and experience, asking fundamental questions about how and why space and spatiality matters to humans, has thus attracted attention. It is no coincidence that the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded for research into a positioning system in the brain or "inner GPS" and that spatial information and technology are recognized as an important social infrastructure in recent years. This is the first book aimed at graduate and advanced undergraduate students pursuing this fascinating area of research. The content introduces the reader to the field of spatial cognition and experience with a series of chapters covering theoretical, empirical, and practical issues, including cognitive maps, spatial orientation, spatial ability and thinking, geospatial information, navigation assistance, and environmental aesthetics.
