Human Capital Versus Basic Income

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Human Capital versus Basic Income

Author : Fabian A Borges
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
ISBN 13 : 0472902776
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (729 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Capital versus Basic Income by : Fabian A Borges

Download or read book Human Capital versus Basic Income written by Fabian A Borges and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2022-02-23 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Latin America underwent two major transformations during the 2000s: the widespread election of left-leaning presidents (the so-called left turn) and the diffusion of conditional cash transfer programs (CCTs)—innovative social programs that award regular stipends to poor families on the condition that their children attend school. Combining cross-national quantitative research covering the entire region and in-depth case studies based on field research, Human Capital versus Basic Income: Ideology and Models for Anti-Poverty Programs in Latin America challenges the conventional wisdom that these two transformations were unrelated. In this book, author Fabián A. Borges demonstrates that this ideology greatly influenced both the adoption and design of CCTs. There were two distinct models of CCTs: a “human capital” model based on means-tested targeting and strict enforcement of program conditions, exemplified by the program launched by Mexico’s right, and a more universalistic “basic income” model with more permissive enforcement of conditionality, exemplified by Brazil’s program under Lula. These two models then spread across the region. Whereas right and center governments, with assistance from international financial institutions, enacted CCTs based on the human capital model, the left, with assistance from Brazil, enacted CCTs based on the basic income model. The existence of two distinct types of CCTs and their relation to ideology is supported by quantitative analyses covering the entire region and in-depth case studies based on field research in three countries. Left-wing governments operate CCTs that cover more people and spend more on those programs than their center or right-wing counterparts. Beyond coverage, a subsequent analysis of the 10 national programs adopted after Lula’s embrace of CCTs confirms that program design—evaluated in terms of scope of the target population, strictness of conditionality enforcement, and stipend structure—is shaped by government ideology. This finding is then fleshed out through case studies of the political processes that culminated in the adoption of basic income CCTs by left-wing governments in Argentina and Bolivia and a human capital CCT by a centrist president in Costa Rica.

Education

Author : W. Lee Hansen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Education by : W. Lee Hansen

Download or read book Education written by W. Lee Hansen and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Education, Income, and Human Capital

Author : Conference on Research in Income and Wealth
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Education, Income, and Human Capital by : Conference on Research in Income and Wealth

Download or read book Education, Income, and Human Capital written by Conference on Research in Income and Wealth and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jointly sponsored by Dept. of Economics, University of Wisconsin and the Conference on Research in Income and Wealth. Includes bibliographical references.

World Development Report 2019

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464813566
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis World Development Report 2019 by : World Bank

Download or read book World Development Report 2019 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-10-31 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work is constantly reshaped by technological progress. New ways of production are adopted, markets expand, and societies evolve. But some changes provoke more attention than others, in part due to the vast uncertainty involved in making predictions about the future. The 2019 World Development Report will study how the nature of work is changing as a result of advances in technology today. Technological progress disrupts existing systems. A new social contract is needed to smooth the transition and guard against rising inequality. Significant investments in human capital throughout a person’s lifecycle are vital to this effort. If workers are to stay competitive against machines they need to train or retool existing skills. A social protection system that includes a minimum basic level of protection for workers and citizens can complement new forms of employment. Improved private sector policies to encourage startup activity and competition can help countries compete in the digital age. Governments also need to ensure that firms pay their fair share of taxes, in part to fund this new social contract. The 2019 World Development Report presents an analysis of these issues based upon the available evidence.

Taxation of Human Capital and Wage Inequality

Author : Fatih Guvenen
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437934900
Total Pages : 57 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Taxation of Human Capital and Wage Inequality by : Fatih Guvenen

Download or read book Taxation of Human Capital and Wage Inequality written by Fatih Guvenen and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wage inequality has been significantly higher in the U.S. than in continental European countries since the 1970s. This report studies the role of labor income tax policies (LITP) for understanding these facts. Countries with more progressive LITP have significantly lower before-tax wage inequality at different points in time. Progressivity is also negatively correlated with the rise in wage inequality during this period. Wage inequality arises from differences across individuals in their ability to learn new skills as well as from idiosyncratic shocks. Progressive taxation compresses the (after-tax) wage structure, thereby distorting the incentives to accumulate human capital, in turn reducing the cross-sectional dispersion of (before-tax) wages. Illustrations. This is a print-on-demand publication; it is not an original.

The Death of Human Capital?

Author : Phillip Brown
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0190644303
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis The Death of Human Capital? by : Phillip Brown

Download or read book The Death of Human Capital? written by Phillip Brown and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Human capital theory, or the notion that there is a direct relationship between educational investment and prosperity, has governed Western approaches to education and labor for the past fifty years. However, many degree recipients have experienced the opposite. This book demonstrates that the human capital story is one of a failed revolution that requires an alternative approach to education, jobs, and income inequalities. Rather than abandoning human capital theory, the book calls for a broader view of education not merely as schooling, but as the process of acquiring the skills necessary to take on a flexible range of jobs and roles. In a rapidly changing job market, workers will need to capitalize on the skills, talents, and personality traits that they have honed through a lifetime of learning, rather than their academic credentials. A controversial challenge to the reigning ideology on economics and education, this text provides important insights into the current plight of the overqualified, underemployed labor market"--

Why Human Capital is Important for Organizations

Author : A. Manuti
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137410809
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (374 download)

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Book Synopsis Why Human Capital is Important for Organizations by : A. Manuti

Download or read book Why Human Capital is Important for Organizations written by A. Manuti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-01 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book encompasses eleven chapters dealing with some of the most important issues in the field of human resource management through the exploration of four key themes: drawing the scenario, the pivots of human capital, measuring human capital, and good practices from abroad.

Human Capital and the Personal Distribution of Income

Author : Gary S. Becker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (258 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Capital and the Personal Distribution of Income by : Gary S. Becker

Download or read book Human Capital and the Personal Distribution of Income written by Gary S. Becker and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Human Capital or Cultural Capital?

Author : George Farkas
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351514539
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Capital or Cultural Capital? by : George Farkas

Download or read book Human Capital or Cultural Capital? written by George Farkas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-05 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study seeks to reorient our understanding of the early educational determinants of social stratification outcomes. It focuses on the process and consequences of unequal cognitive skill attainment for ethnic and poverty groups within our nation's cities. It draws, theoretically, on the notion that experiences at home and school create a feedback loop by which the ""cultural capital"" of the students (their toolkit of skills, habits, and styles with which they construct strategies of action) evolves over time and largely determines differential success in mastering the teacher-assigned homework.

Basic Income

Author : Philippe Van Parijs
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674978099
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (749 download)

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Book Synopsis Basic Income by : Philippe Van Parijs

Download or read book Basic Income written by Philippe Van Parijs and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-20 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a basic income to everyone, rich or poor, active or inactive, was advocated by Paine, Mill, and Galbraith but the idea was never taken seriously. Today, with the welfare state creaking, it is one of the world’s most widely debated proposals. Philippe Van Parijs and Yannick Vanderborght present a comprehensive defense of this radical idea.

Human Capital

Author : Gary Stanley Becker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Human Capital by : Gary Stanley Becker

Download or read book Human Capital written by Gary Stanley Becker and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Human Capital Flight

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451921330
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Capital Flight by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book Human Capital Flight written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1994-12-01 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyses the impact of government tax and subsidy policy on immigration of human capital and the effect of such immigration on growth and incomes. In the context of a two-country endogenous growth model with heterogeneous agents and human capital accumulation, we argue that human capital flight or “brain drain” arising out of wage differentials, say because of differences in income tax rates or technology, can bring about a reduction in the steady state growth rate of the country of emigration. Additionally, permanent difference in the growth rates as well as incomes between the two countries can occur making convergence unlikely. While in a closed economy, tax-financed increases in subsidy to education can have a positive effect on growth, such a policy can have a negative effect on growth when human capital flight is taking place. Since subsidizing higher education is more likely to induce substantial brain drain, it is likely to be inferior to subsidy to lower levels of education if growth is to be increased.

Human Capital and the Personal Distribution of Income

Author : Gary Stanley Becker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Capital and the Personal Distribution of Income by : Gary Stanley Becker

Download or read book Human Capital and the Personal Distribution of Income written by Gary Stanley Becker and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Investment in Human Capital

Author : Lester C. Thurow
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Investment in Human Capital by : Lester C. Thurow

Download or read book Investment in Human Capital written by Lester C. Thurow and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Origins of Universal Grants

Author : J. Cunliffe
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230522823
Total Pages : 179 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of Universal Grants by : J. Cunliffe

Download or read book The Origins of Universal Grants written by J. Cunliffe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-11-30 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Should all young adults receive a capital grant? Should all individuals be given a lifetime regular income? Would either form of payment be just or unjust? These questions figure prominently in recent social philosophy and policy discussions on 'stakeholding' and 'basic income'. Both types of proposal have a long, but largely unknown history. This anthology contains a wide variety of historical contributions, some of which are presented in English for the first time, highlighting striking parallels between past and present debates.

Give People Money

Author : Annie Lowrey
Publisher : Crown
ISBN 13 : 1524758779
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (247 download)

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Book Synopsis Give People Money by : Annie Lowrey

Download or read book Give People Money written by Annie Lowrey and published by Crown. This book was released on 2019-07-09 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A New York Times Book Review Editors' Choice Shortlisted for the 2018 FT & McKinsey Business Book of the Year Award A brilliantly reported, global look at universal basic income—a stipend given to every citizen—and why it might be necessary in an age of rising inequality, persistent poverty, and dazzling technology. Imagine if every month the government deposited $1,000 into your bank account, with nothing expected in return. It sounds crazy. But it has become one of the most influential and hotly debated policy ideas of our time. Futurists, radicals, libertarians, socialists, union representatives, feminists, conservatives, Bernie supporters, development economists, child-care workers, welfare recipients, and politicians from India to Finland to Canada to Mexico—all are talking about UBI. In this sparkling and provocative book, economics writer Annie Lowrey examines the UBI movement from many angles. She travels to Kenya to see how a UBI is lifting the poorest people on earth out of destitution, India to see how inefficient government programs are failing the poor, South Korea to interrogate UBI’s intellectual pedigree, and Silicon Valley to meet the tech titans financing UBI pilots in expectation of a world with advanced artificial intelligence and little need for human labor. Lowrey explores the potential of such a sweeping policy and the challenges the movement faces, among them contradictory aims, uncomfortable costs, and, most powerfully, the entrenched belief that no one should get something for nothing. In the end, she shows how this arcane policy has the potential to solve some of our most intractable economic problems, while offering a new vision of citizenship and a firmer foundation for our society in this age of turbulence and marvels.

Changes in Population, Inequality and Human Capital Formation in the Americas in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

Author : Enriqueta Camps-Cura
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 303021351X
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Changes in Population, Inequality and Human Capital Formation in the Americas in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries by : Enriqueta Camps-Cura

Download or read book Changes in Population, Inequality and Human Capital Formation in the Americas in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries written by Enriqueta Camps-Cura and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-26 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evolution of inequality and its causes are of crucial importance to all scholars working in the social sciences. By focusing on the divergent development of North America and Latin America in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Camps-Cura offers a comparative perspective of the relationship between human capital expansion and inequality in the long run. The book also explores the variables of education and inequality on children, work and gender.