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Human Capital And Over Investment In Rd
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Book Synopsis The Human Capital Index 2020 Update by : World Bank
Download or read book The Human Capital Index 2020 Update written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-05-05 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human capital—the knowledge, skills, and health that people accumulate over their lives—is a central driver of sustainable growth, poverty reduction, and successful societies. More human capital is associated with higher earnings for people, higher income for countries, and stronger cohesion in societies. Much of the hard-won human capital gains in many economies over the past decade is at risk of being eroded by the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic. Urgent action is needed to protect these advances, particularly among the poor and vulnerable. Designing the needed interventions, targeting them to achieve the highest effectiveness, and navigating difficult trade-offs make investing in better measurement of human capital now more important than ever. The Human Capital Index (HCI)—launched in 2018 as part of the Human Capital Project—is an international metric that benchmarks the key components of human capital across economies. The HCI is a global effort to accelerate progress toward a world where all children can achieve their full potential. Measuring the human capital that children born today can expect to attain by their 18th birthdays, the HCI highlights how current health and education outcomes shape the productivity of the next generation of workers and underscores the importance of government and societal investments in human capital. The Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19 presents the first update of the HCI, using health and education data available as of March 2020. It documents new evidence on trends, examples of successes, and analytical work on the utilization of human capital. The new data—collected before the global onset of COVID-19—can act as a baseline to track its effects on health and education outcomes. The report highlights how better measurement is essential for policy makers to design effective interventions and target support. In the immediate term, investments in better measurement and data use will guide pandemic containment strategies and support for those who are most affected. In the medium term, better curation and use of administrative, survey, and identification data can guide policy choices in an environment of limited fiscal space and competing priorities. In the longer term, the hope is that economies will be able to do more than simply recover lost ground. Ambitious, evidence-driven policy measures in health, education, and social protection can pave the way for today’s children to surpass the human capital achievements and quality of life of the generations that preceded them.
Book Synopsis Learning by Doing, Overinvestment and the 'Erosion Effect' of R&D on Human Capital Accumulation by : Shang-ao Li
Download or read book Learning by Doing, Overinvestment and the 'Erosion Effect' of R&D on Human Capital Accumulation written by Shang-ao Li and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an “erosion effect” of R&D on human capital accumulation. This paper develops an economic growth model with endogenous technological progress and human capital accumulation, and emphasizes there are two characterizations in R&D process, which are that R&D process requires human capital investment and R&D of new technologies is obtained on the basis of learning by doing, and then we characterize the “erosion effect” which implies a negative externality of R&D in human capital accumulation. By comparing decentralized economy and centralized economy, we draw a conclusion that monopoly markup, overinvestment of physical capital and human capital interact with “erosion effect”, and would decrease human capital accumulation rate and economic growth rate.
Book Synopsis The Return to Firm Investment in Human Capital by : Rita Almeida
Download or read book The Return to Firm Investment in Human Capital written by Rita Almeida and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper the authors estimate the rate of return to firm investments in human capital in the form of formal job training. They use a panel of large firms with unusually detailed information on the duration of training, the direct costs of training, and several firm characteristics such as their output, workforce characteristics, and capital stock. Their estimates of the return to training vary substantially across firms. On average it is -7 percent for firms not providing training and 24 percent for those providing training. Formal job training is a good investment for many firms and the economy, possibly yielding higher returns than either investments in physical capital or investments in schooling. In spite of this, observed amounts of formal training are small.
Download or read book Human Capital written by Gary S. Becker and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A diverse array of factors may influence both earnings and consumption; however, this work primarily focuses on the impact of investments in human capital upon an individual's potential earnings and psychic income. For this study, investments in human capital include such factors as educational level, on-the-job skills training, health care, migration, and consideration of issues regarding regional prices and income. Taking into account varying cultures and political regimes, the research indicates that economic earnings tend to be positively correlated to education and skill level. Additionally, studies indicate an inverse correlation between education and unemployment. Presents a theoretical overview of the types of human capital and the impact of investment in human capital on earnings and rates of return. Then utilizes empirical data and research to analyze the theoretical issues related to investment in human capital, specifically formal education. Considered are such issues as costs and returns of investments, and social and private gains of individuals. The research compares and contrasts these factors based upon both education and skill level. Areas of future research are identified, including further analysis of issues regarding social gains and differing levels of success across different regions and countries. (AKP).
Book Synopsis Human Capital Investment An international Comparison by : OECD
Download or read book Human Capital Investment An international Comparison written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1998-05-04 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report clarifies what is now known about human capital and how it can be measured.
Book Synopsis The Death of Human Capital? by : Phillip Brown
Download or read book The Death of Human Capital? written by Phillip Brown and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-24 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human capital theory, or the notion that there is a direct relationship between educational investment and individual and national prosperity, has dominated public policy on education and labor for the past fifty years. In The Death of Human Capital?, Phillip Brown, Hugh Lauder, and Sin Yi Cheung argue that the human capital story is one of false promise: investing in learning isn't the road to higher earnings and national prosperity. Rather than abandoning human capital theory, however, the authors redefine human capital in an age of smart machines. They present a new human capital theory that rejects the view that automation and AI will result in the end of waged work, but see the fundamental problem as a lack of quality jobs offering interesting, worthwhile, and rewarding opportunities. A controversial challenge to the reigning ideology, The Death of Human Capital? connects with a growing sense that capitalism is in crisis, felt by students and the wider workforce, shows what's at stake in the new human capital while offering hope for the future.
Book Synopsis Human Capital and Over-investment in R&D. by : Ana Balcão Reis
Download or read book Human Capital and Over-investment in R&D. written by Ana Balcão Reis and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We introduce a negative effect of technological development on human capital accumulation in a growth model with endogenous innovation and accumulation of human capital. This implies a negative externality of R&D in human capital accumulation. Some calibration exercises suggest that this distortion may be sufficiently strong not only to offset the usual effects of spillovers and of returns to specialization but also to induce over-investment in R&D.
Book Synopsis Investment in Human by : Theodore W. Schultz
Download or read book Investment in Human written by Theodore W. Schultz and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Innovation and Public Policy by : Austan Goolsbee
Download or read book Innovation and Public Policy written by Austan Goolsbee and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2022-03-25 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A calculation of the social returns to innovation /Benjamin F. Jones and Lawrence H. Summers --Innovation and human capital policy /John Van Reenen --Immigration policy levers for US innovation and start-ups /Sari Pekkala Kerr and William R. Kerr --Scientific grant funding /Pierre Azoulay and Danielle Li --Tax policy for innovation /Bronwyn H. Hall --Taxation and innovation: what do we know? /Ufuk Akcigit and Stefanie Stantcheva --Government incentives for entrepreneurship /Josh Lerner.
Book Synopsis Investment in Women's Human Capital by : T. Paul Schultz
Download or read book Investment in Women's Human Capital written by T. Paul Schultz and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1995-06-15 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How are human capital investments allocated between women and men? What are the returns to investments in women's nutrition, health care, education, mobility, and training? In thirteen wide-ranging and innovative empirical analyses, Investment in Women's Human Capital explores the nature of human capital distributions to women and their effect on outcomes within the family. Section I considers the experiences of high-income countries, examining the limitations of industrialization for the advancement of women; returns to secondary education for women; and state control of women's education and labor market productivity through the design of tax systems and the public subsidy of children. The remaining four sections investigate health, education, household structure and labor markets, and measurement issues in low-income countries, including the effect of technological change on transfers of wealth to and from children in India; women's and men's responses to the costs of medical care in Kenya; the effects of birth order and sex on educational attainment in Taiwan; wage returns to schooling in Indonesia and in Cote d'Ivoire; and the increasing prevalence of female-headed households and the correlates of gender differences in wages in Brazil.
Download or read book Human Capital written by Gary S. Becker and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-05-15 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Capital is Becker's classic study of how investment in an individual's education and training is similar to business investments in equipment. Recipient of the 1992 Nobel Prize in Economic Science, Gary S. Becker is a pioneer of applying economic analysis to human behavior in such areas as discrimination, marriage, family relations, and education. Becker's research on human capital was considered by the Nobel committee to be his most noteworthy contribution to economics. This expanded edition includes four new chapters, covering recent ideas about human capital, fertility and economic growth, the division of labor, economic considerations within the family, and inequality in earnings. "Critics have charged that Mr. Becker's style of thinking reduces humans to economic entities. Nothing could be further from the truth. Mr. Becker gives people credit for having the power to reason and seek out their own best destiny."—Wall Street Journal
Book Synopsis Humanizing Human Capital by : Solange Charas, PhD
Download or read book Humanizing Human Capital written by Solange Charas, PhD and published by BenBella Books. This book was released on 2022-09-13 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work world is changing faster than ever before. Adapting to this new reality without a significant interruption in results is increasingly a top priority for all businesses. The key to thriving through disruption is understanding and practicing human capital strategies that will drive enterprise performance and value-creation. In Humanizing Human Capital, renowned business thought leaders Solange Charas, PhD, and Stela Lupushor reframe traditional HR practices into a future-forward strategy to optimize human capital. Charas and Lupushor shift decision-making about people from a gut sense to an evidence-based approach—a critical and much-needed departure from the cross-your-fingers-and-hope-for-the-best approach of most traditional HR programs today. Humanizing Human Capital reveals a step-by-step method to apply analytics approaches to human capital while anticipating inevitable changes in the workforce landscape. This will enable human capital professionals to generate positive outcomes for all stakeholders and allow management to make decisions that work for the entire enterprise. With this book’s comparison of “traditional” with the “future-forward” approach to human capital management, case studies, real-world situations, and 20 business principles, you will learn to: Adopt a best-evidence versus best-practice approach to decision making Shift your thinking so that you view human capital as a crucial investment rather than as a sunk cost Identify what needs to change to respond to future pressures and apply critical thinking to create workable solutions Balance human capital analytics with the more human-centric elements of people management Equip yourself with approaches and tools to interpret the collective voice of the workforce Utilize methods to measure and optimize human capital efficiency, increasing your ROI Increase value for all key stakeholders, including investors, management, workers, customers, partners, and the community at large The road ahead may seem unpredictable and even treacherous, but Humanizing Human Capital provides leaders of any organization a new framework to create resilient, responsive, and innovative organizations with tangible and sustainable business results.
Book Synopsis The Return to Firm Investment in Human Capital by : Rita Almeida
Download or read book The Return to Firm Investment in Human Capital written by Rita Almeida and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper the authors estimate the rate of return to firm investments in human capital in the form of formal job training. They use a panel of large firms with unusually detailed information on the duration of training, the direct costs of training, and several firm characteristics such as their output, workforce characteristics, and capital stock. Their estimates of the return to training vary substantially across firms. On average it is -7 percent for firms not providing training and 24 percent for those providing training. Formal job training is a good investment for many firms and the economy, possibly yielding higher returns than either investments in physical capital or investments in schooling. In spite of this, observed amounts of formal training are small.
Book Synopsis Investment in Human Capital by : Theodore William Schultz
Download or read book Investment in Human Capital written by Theodore William Schultz and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Developing Human Capital by : Gene Pease
Download or read book Developing Human Capital written by Gene Pease and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-07-21 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Don't squander your most valuable resource! Collectively, your workers are your company's most important and most valuable asset. To make the most of this asset, nothing beats quantitative performance and investment measurement. Learning and Development is an 80 billion-dollar industry, and every valuable employee represents a sizable investment on the part of your company. To keep your business moving forward, effective management of human capital is crucial. It generates plenty of data, and deep analysis of this data helps you provide feedback and make adjustments to capitalize on the combined knowledge, skills, and creativity of your workers. Developing Human Capital: Using Analytics to Plan and Optimize Your Learning and Development Investments provides a guidebook for collecting, organizing, and analyzing the data surrounding human capital so you can make the most of your employees' potential. Use predictive analysis to optimize human capital investments Learn effective study design and alignment Get the tools you need for measurement, surveys, and analysis Decide what to measure and how to measure it Outline your company's current and future analytics technology needs Map data sources, and overcome barriers to data collection Authors Gene Pease, Bonnie Beresford, and Lew Walker provide case studies in which major companies applied human capital analytics to guide people decisions, and expand upon the role of analytics in Learning and Development. Developing Human Capital: Using Analytics to Plan and Optimize Your Learning and Development Investments is an essential guide to 21st century human resources and management practices, and can keep you from squandering your company's most valuable resource.
Book Synopsis Diagnosing Human Capital as a Binding Constraint to Growth by : Miguel Angel Santos
Download or read book Diagnosing Human Capital as a Binding Constraint to Growth written by Miguel Angel Santos and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-16 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The empirical literature on the contributions of human capital investments to economic growth shows mixed results. While evidence from OECD countries demonstrates that human capital accumulation is associated with growth accelerations, the substantial efforts of developing countries to improve access to and quality of education, as a means for skill accumulation, did not translate into higher income per capita. In this Element, we propose a framework, building on the principles of 'growth diagnostics', to enable practitioners to determine whether human capital investments are a priority for a country's growth strategy. We then discuss and exemplify different tests to diagnose human capital in a place, drawing on the Harvard Growth Lab's experience in different development context, and discuss various policy options to address skill shortages.
Author :Bradley W. Hall Publisher :AMACOM/American Management Association ISBN 13 :9780814409596 Total Pages :268 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (95 download)
Book Synopsis The New Human Capital Strategy by : Bradley W. Hall
Download or read book The New Human Capital Strategy written by Bradley W. Hall and published by AMACOM/American Management Association. This book was released on 2008 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is often said that the only true source of sustained competitive advantage is people. But what does that mean and how can this be measured and managed? How many organizations know whether their human capital outperforms their competitors', or even whether it improves year-over-year? And what is the strategy for continually improving that performance? The New Human Capital Strategy is a roadmap for delivering measurable business results by systematically improving the performance of those in roles most important to customers and shareholders. Proposing a radical shift in the way organizations measure and manage their people, the book asserts that competitive advantage is a function of four areas of strength: Effective executive teams, leaders who deliver results, outperforming competitors in key positions and workforce performance. Using examples, research, and metrics, this essential guide provides readers with a system for ensuring that their people are more valuable this year than the last.
