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Author : F P. Bowden
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Hot spots and the initiation of explosion written by F P. Bowden and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Frank Philip Bowden
Publisher : CUP Archive
ISBN 13 : 9780521312332
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (123 download)
Download or read book Initiation and Growth of Explosion in Liquids and Solids written by Frank Philip Bowden and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1985-10-24 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the research of Bowden, Yoffe and their collaborators on explosive initiation. What Bowden and Yoffe showed was that explosives are ignited almost invariably by thermal processes and though other processes have been identified their work still holds.
Author : Charles L. Mader
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Hydrodynamic Hot Spot and Shock Initiation of Homogeneous Explosives written by Charles L. Mader and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book THE THEORY OF THERMAL EXPLOSIONS: THE INITIATION OF EXPLOSION BY A SOLID SPHERICAL HOT SPOT. written by and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Statistical Hot Spot Reactive Flow Model for Shock Initiation and Detonation of Solid High Explosives written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A statistical hot spot reactive flow model for shock initiation and detonation of solid high explosives developed in the ALE3D hydrodynamic computer code is presented. This model is intended to evolve into a physically correct description of the physical and chemical mechanisms that control the onset of shock initiation via hotspot formation, the growth (01 failure to grow) of these hotspots into the surrounding explosive particles, the rapid transition to detonation, and self-sustaining detonation. Mesoscale modeling of the shock compression and temperature dependent chemical decomposition of individual explosive particles are currently yielding accurate predictions of hot spot formation and the subsequent growth (or failure) of these hotspot reactions in the surrounding grains. For two- and three-dimensional simulations of larger scale explosive charges, a statistical hotspot model that averages over thousands of individual hotspot dimensions and temperatures and then allows exothermic chemical reactions to grow (or fail to grow) due to thermal conduction is required. This paper outlines a first approach to constructing a probabilistic hot spot formulation based on the number density of potential hotspot sites. These hotspots can then either ignite or die out if they do not exceed certain ignition criteria, which are based on physical properties of the explosive particles. The growing hot spots spread at burn velocities given by experimentally determined deflagration velocity versus pressure relationships. The mathematics and assumptions involved in formulating the model and practical examples of its usefulness are given.
Author : Michael John Gifford
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book The role of hot-spots in the ignition and growth of explosion written by Michael John Gifford and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Thomas P. Liddiard
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Hot Spot Initiation Patterns in Shocked Explosives and Propellants Recorded by Thermal Film written by Thomas P. Liddiard and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recovery of thermally sensitive films from explosives subjected to low level, long duration shocks allows one to obtain in situ records of heating patterns and formation of hot spots. The degree of discoloration in the recovered film corresponds to reaction induced temperatures of the order of several hundred C. Differing patterns of initiation buildup may be observed in different explosive compositions. The film technique is also seen to be a more sensitive detector of low level reactions than the underwater bulk expansion optical method.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Computational Study of 3-D Hot-Spot Initiation in Shocked Insensitive High-Explosive written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Charles L. Mader
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Two-dimensional Hydrodynamic Hot Spot written by Charles L. Mader and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1532 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 1532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Blaine Asay
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540879536
Total Pages : 630 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (48 download)
Download or read book Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library, Vol. 5 written by Blaine Asay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-16 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Los Alamos National Laboratory is an incredible place. It was conceived and born amidst the most desperate of circumstances. It attracted some of the most brilliant minds, the most innovative entrepreneurs, and the most c- ative tinkerers of that generation. Out of that milieu emerged physics and engineering that beforehand was either unimagined, or thought to be f- tasy. One of the ?elds essentially invented during those years was the science of precision high explosives. Before 1942, explosives were used in munitions and commercial pursuits that demanded proper chemistry and con?nement for the necessary e?ect, but little else. The needs and requirements of the Manhattan project were of a much more precise and speci?c nature. Spatial and temporal speci?cations were reduced from centimeters and milliseconds to micrometers and nanoseconds. New theory and computational tools were required along with a raft of new experimental techniques and novel ways of interpreting the results. Over the next 40 years, the emphasis was on higher energy in smaller packages, more precise initiation schemes, better and safer formulations, and greater accuracy in forecasting performance. Researchers from many institutions began working in the emerging and expanding ?eld. In the midst of all of the work and progress in precision initiation and scienti?c study, in the early 1960s, papers began to appear detailing the ?rst quantitative studies of the transition from de?agration to detonation (DDT), ?rst in cast, then in pressed explosives, and ?nally in propellants.
Author : Valery K. Kedrinskiy
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540285636
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)
Download or read book Hydrodynamics of Explosion written by Valery K. Kedrinskiy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-11-04 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydronamics of Explosion presents the research results for the problems of underwater explosions and contains a detailed analysis of the structure and the parameters of the wave fields generated by explosions of cord and spiral charges, a description of the formation mechanisms for a wide range of cumulative flows at underwater explosions near the free surface, and the relevant mathematical models. Shock-wave transformation in bubbly liquids, shock-wave amplification due to collision and focusing, and the formation of bubble detonation waves in reactive bubbly liquids are studied in detail. Particular emphasis is placed on the investigation of wave processes in cavitating liquids, which incorporates the concepts of the strength of real liquids containing natural microinhomogeneities, the relaxation of tensile stress, and the cavitation fracture of a liquid as the inversion of its two-phase state under impulsive (explosive) loading. The problems are classed among essentially nonlinear processes that occur under shock loading of liquids and may be of interest to researchers in physical acoustics, mechanics of multiphase media, shock-wave processes in condensed media, explosive hydroacoustics, and cumulation.
Author : Lawrence John Zajac
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (212 download)
Download or read book Dynamics of an Explosive Hot Spot written by Lawrence John Zajac and published by . This book was released on 1968* with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Stuart Davis Herring
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781124315768
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (157 download)
Download or read book Dependence of Hotspot Initiation on Void Distribution in High Explosive Crystals Simulated with Molecular Dynamics written by Stuart Davis Herring and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microscopic defects may dramatically affect the susceptibility of high explosives to shock initiation. Such defects redirect the shock's energy and become hotspots (concentrations of stress and heat) that can initiate chemical reactions. Sufficiently large or numerous defects may produce a self-sustaining deflagration or even detonation from a shock notably too weak to detonate defect-free samples. The effects of circular or spherical voids on the shock sensitivity of a model (two- or three-dimensional) high explosive crystal are considered. We simulate a piston impact using molecular dynamics with a Reactive Empirical Bond Order (REBO) model potential for a sub-micron, sub-ns exothermic reaction in a diatomic molecular solid. In both dimensionalities, the probability of initiating chemical reactions rises more suddenly with increasing piston velocity for larger voids that collapse more deterministically. A void of even 10 nm radius (~39 interatomic spacings) reduces the minimum initiating velocity by a factor of 4 (8 in 3D). The transition at larger velocities to detonation is studied in micron-long samples with a single void (and its periodic images). Reactions during the shock traversal increase rapidly with velocity, then become a reliable detonation. In 2D, a void of radius 2.5 nm reduces the critical velocity by 10% from the perfect crystal; a Pop plot of the detonation delays at higher velocities shows a characteristic pressure dependence. 3D samples are more likely to react but less to detonate. In square lattices of voids, reducing the (common) void radius or increasing the porosity without changing the other parameter causes the hotspots to consume the material faster and detonation to occur sooner and at lower velocities. Early behavior is seen to follow a very simple ignition and growth model; the pressure exponents are more realistic than with single voids. The hotspots collectively develop a broad pressure wave (a sonic, diffuse deflagration front) that triggers detonation when it reaches the lead shock. Reaction yields from triangular lattices are insignificantly different. Random void arrangements delay detonation by 15.5% but introduce a standard deviation of just 5.1%.
Author : David J. Edwards
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 824 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Detonation written by David J. Edwards and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Rolf K. Eckhoff
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080488749
Total Pages : 745 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Dust Explosions in the Process Industries written by Rolf K. Eckhoff and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-07-18 with total page 745 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unfortunately, dust explosions are common and costly in a wide array of industries such as petrochemical, food, paper and pharmaceutical. It is imperative that practical and theoretical knowledge of the origin, development, prevention and mitigation of dust explosions is imparted to the responsible safety manager. The material in this book offers an up to date evaluation of prevalent activities, testing methods, design measures and safe operating techniques. Also provided is a detailed and comprehensive critique of all the significant phases relating to the hazard and control of a dust explosion. An invaluable reference work for industry, safety consultants and students. - A completely new chapter on design of electrical equipment to be used in areas containing combustible/explosible dust - A substantially extended and re-organized final review chapter, containing nearly 400 new literature references from the years 1997-2002 - Extensive cross-referencing from the original chapters 1-7 to the corresponding sections of the expanded review chapter
Author : C.-O. Leiber
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080527620
Total Pages : 617 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Assessment of Safety and Risk with a Microscopic Model of Detonation written by C.-O. Leiber and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-04-25 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book is a store of less well-known explosion anddetonation phenomena, including also data and experiences related tosafety risks. It highlights the shortcomings of the currentengineering codes based on a classical plane wave model of thephenomenon, and why these tools must fail. For the first time all the explosion phenomena are described in termsof proper assemblages of hot spots, which emit pressure waves andassociated near field terms in flow. Not all of the approaches arenew. Some even date back to the 19th century or earlier.. What is newis the application of these approaches to explosion phenomena. Inorder to make these tools easily available to the current detonationphysicist, basic acoustics is therefore also addressed. Whereas the current plane wave, homogeneous flow detonation physicsis an excellent engineering tool for numerical predictions undergiven conditions, the multi-hot-spot-model is an additional tool foranalyzing phenomena that cannot be explained by classicalcalculations. The real benefit comes from being able to understand,without any artificial assumptions, the whole phenomenology ofdetonations and explosions. By specifying pressure generatingmechanisms, one is able to see that the current treatment of thedetonics of energetic materials is only a very special - but powerful- case of explosion events and hazards. It becomes clear thatphysical explosions must be taken into account in any safetyconsiderations. In these terms it is easy to understand why evenliquid carbon dioxide and inert silo materials can explode. A unique collection of unexpected events, which might surprise evenspecialists, has resulted from the evaluation of the model. Thereforethis book is valuable for each explosion and safety scientist for theunderstanding and forecasting of unwanted events. The text mainlyaddresses the next generation of explosion and detonation scientists,with the goal of promoting the science of detonation on a newphysical basis. For this reason gaps in current knowledge are alsoaddressed. The science of explosions is not fully mature, but isstill in its beginning - and the tools necessary for furthering theunderstanding of these phenomena have been with us for centuries.
