Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Hcci Combustion Of Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers Pode

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Investigations into the Combustion Kinetics of Several Novel Oxygenated Fuels

Author : Wenyu Sun
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819945100
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Investigations into the Combustion Kinetics of Several Novel Oxygenated Fuels by : Wenyu Sun

Download or read book Investigations into the Combustion Kinetics of Several Novel Oxygenated Fuels written by Wenyu Sun and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-22 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, attention was paid to several novel oxygenated fuels—carbonates, polyethers and ketones. Combustion kinetic investigations were performed for typical representative compounds, including dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, cyclopentanone, 3-pentanone, 1,2-dimethoxyethane and dimethoxymethane. For experiments, suitable diagnostic techniques were used to measure the detailed speciation information of the target fuels under different conditions. For kinetic modeling, rate coefficients for crucial elementary reactions were obtained through high-level theoretical calculations. Based on that, validated kinetic models with good predictive performances were developed. On the basis of experimental measurements and model interpretations, this work highlighted two important combustion characteristics regarding the practical use: the pollutant formation and the ignition performance. Besides, the correlation between oxygen-containing functional groups and the aforementioned combustion characteristics was revealed. To reveal the potential interactions between the reaction networks of oxygenated additives and the hydrocarbon base fuels during combustion. Chemical structures of laminar premixed flames fueled by binary fuels were measured, and by changing the initial fuel compositions, the addition effects of the oxygenates on the fuel consumption and pollutant formation behaviors were explored. It was found that complicated chemical interactions do not exist in the reaction networks under the investigated conditions.

Nanotechnology for Advanced Biofuels

Author : Ashok Kumar Nadda
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323986412
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanotechnology for Advanced Biofuels by : Ashok Kumar Nadda

Download or read book Nanotechnology for Advanced Biofuels written by Ashok Kumar Nadda and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-03-16 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology for Advanced Biofuels: Fundamentals and Applications highlights emerging techniques for the formulation of fuels using nanotechnology and bio-based concepts. The addition of high-energy nanoparticles and biologically derived molecules in liquid fuel can increase the potential of energy-rich compounds. Key challenges in the production of nanotechnology-based fuels and their combustion or ignition during the operation are covered, along with the emission of oxidized particles and by-products of incomplete combustion and nano-fuels as an emerging field. The bio-based energy-rich fuels are largely diffused in conventionally used fuels. The addition of biofuels and nano-additives to pre-existing fuels can offer opportunities for developing modified fuels in domestic industries with the maximum usage of renewable biomass. This is an important reference source for materials scientists, energy scientists and chemical engineers who want to understand more about how nanotechnology can help create more efficient biofuels. - Shows how nano-additives can significantly improve the properties and efficiency of biofuels - Provides information to help readers better understand the basic and advanced applications of nano-additive-based biofuels - Assesses the challenges of manufacturing nanotechnology-enhanced biofuels on an industrial scale

Advances in Heterocatalysis by Nanomaterials

Author : Ioannis V. Yentekakis
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039288350
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (392 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Heterocatalysis by Nanomaterials by : Ioannis V. Yentekakis

Download or read book Advances in Heterocatalysis by Nanomaterials written by Ioannis V. Yentekakis and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-13 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heterogeneous catalysis played, plays, and will continue to play, a major key role in industrial processes for large-scale synthesis of commodity chemicals of global importance, and in catalytic systems that possess a critical role in energy generation and environmental protection approaches. As a result of the ongoing progress in materials science, nanotechnology, and characterizations, great advances have been achieved in heterogeneous catalysis by nanomaterials. Efficient approaches and advanced methods for the design of nano-structured composite materials (up to atomic level), subject to specific nano-morphologies with enhanced metal–metal and metal–support interactions favorable for catalysis (that enable fine-tuning of the critical properties of the designed catalysts), provide optimized catalysts with outstanding performances in numerous eco-friendly and cost-effective applications. Accordingly, great progress has been achieved involving, for example, emissions control, waste treatment, photocatalytic, bio-refinery, CO2 utilization, and fuel cells applications, as well as hydrocarbon processing for H2, added-value chemicals, and liquid fuels production. The themed Special Issue has succeeded in collecting 10 high-quality contributions that cover recent research progress in the field for a variety of applications (e.g., environment, energy, added-value chemicals/organics synthesis, and bio-transformation) declaring the prospect and importance of nanomaterials in all the directions of heterogeneous catalysis.

HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry

Author : Hua Zhao
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry by : Hua Zhao

Download or read book HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry written by Hua Zhao and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-09-10 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI)/controlled auto-ignition (CAI) has emerged as one of the most promising engine technologies with the potential to combine fuel efficiency and improved emissions performance, offering reduced nitrous oxides and particulate matter alongside efficiency comparable with modern diesel engines. Despite the considerable advantages, its operational range is rather limited and controlling the combustion (timing of ignition and rate of energy release) is still an area of on-going research. Commercial applications are, however, close to reality. HCCI a.

The Exergy Method of Thermal Plant Analysis

Author : T. J. Kotas
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483100367
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)

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Book Synopsis The Exergy Method of Thermal Plant Analysis by : T. J. Kotas

Download or read book The Exergy Method of Thermal Plant Analysis written by T. J. Kotas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Exergy Method of Thermal Plant Analysis aims to discuss the history, related concepts, applications, and development of the Exergy Method - analysis technique that uses the Second Law of Thermodynamics as the basis of evaluation of thermodynamic loss. The book, after an introduction to thermodynamics and its related concepts, covers concepts related to exergy, such as physical and chemical exergy, exergy concepts for a control method and a closed-system analysis, the exergy analysis of simple processes, and the thermocentric applications of exergy. A seven-part appendix is also included. Appendices A-D covers miscellaneous information on exergy, and Appendix E features charts of thermodynamic properties. Appendix F is a glossary of terms, and Appendix G contains the list of references. The text is recommended for physicists who would like to know more about the Exergy Method, its underlying principles, and its applications not only in thermal plant analysis but also in certain areas.

Fuel/Engine Interactions

Author : Gautam Kalghatgi
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 0768064589
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Fuel/Engine Interactions by : Gautam Kalghatgi

Download or read book Fuel/Engine Interactions written by Gautam Kalghatgi and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conventional fossil fuels will constitute the majority of automotive fuels for the foreseeable future but will have to adapt to changes in engine technology. Unconventional transport fuels such as biofuels, gas-to-liquid fuels, compressed natural gas, and liquid petroleum gas will also play a role. Hydrogen might be a viable transport fuel if it overcomes barriers in production, transport, storage, and safety and/or if fuel cells become viable. This book opens by considering these issues and then introduces practical transport fuels. A chapter on engine deposits follows, which is an important practical topic about how fuels affect engines that is not usually considered in other books. The next three chapters discuss auto-ignition phenomena in engines. The auto-ignition resistance of fuels is the most important fuel property since it limits the efficiency of spark ignition engines and determines the performance of compression ignition engines. Moreover, the manufacture of fuels is primarily driven by the need to meet auto-ignition quality demands set by fuel specifications. The final chapter considers the implications for future fuels. The book covers the many important ways that fuels and engines interact and why and how fuels will need to change to meet the requirements of future engines, as well as the implications for fuels manufacture and specifications.

Application of Clean Fuels in Combustion Engines

Author : Gabriele Di Blasio
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 981168751X
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Application of Clean Fuels in Combustion Engines by : Gabriele Di Blasio

Download or read book Application of Clean Fuels in Combustion Engines written by Gabriele Di Blasio and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-04 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the impact of fuels characteristics and their effects on the combustion processes in internal combustion engines. It includes the analysis of a variety of biofuels (alcohol fuels and biodiesel) and biogases (natural gas, hydrogen, etc.), providing valuable information related to consequent effects on performance and emissions. The contents focus on recent results and current trends of fuel utilization in the transport sector. State-of-the-art of clean fuels application are also discussed. Thighs book will be of interest to those in academia and industry involved in fuels, IC engines, engine instrumentation, and environmental research.

Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies for Improved Environmental Performance

Author : Richard Folkson
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0323900283
Total Pages : 800 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies for Improved Environmental Performance by : Richard Folkson

Download or read book Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies for Improved Environmental Performance written by Richard Folkson and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2022-07-27 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies for Improved Environmental Performance: Towards Zero Carbon Transportation, Second Edition provides a comprehensive view of key developments in advanced fuels and vehicle technologies to improve the energy efficiency and environmental impact of the automotive sector. Sections consider the role of alternative fuels such as electricity, alcohol and hydrogen fuel cells, as well as advanced additives and oils in environmentally sustainable transport. Other topics explored include methods of revising engine and vehicle design to improve environmental performance and fuel economy and developments in electric and hybrid vehicle technologies. This reference will provide professionals, engineers and researchers of alternative fuels with an understanding of the latest clean technologies which will help them to advance the field. Those working in environmental and mechanical engineering will benefit from the detailed analysis of the technologies covered, as will fuel suppliers and energy producers seeking to improve the efficiency, sustainability and accessibility of their work. - Provides a fully updated reference with significant technological advances and developments in the sector - Presents analyses on the latest advances in electronic systems for emissions control, autonomous systems, artificial intelligence and legislative requirements - Includes a strong focus on updated climate change predictions and consequences, helping the reader work towards ambitious 2050 climate change goals for the automotive industry

OntoCAPE

Author : Wolfgang Marquardt
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 364204655X
Total Pages : 493 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis OntoCAPE by : Wolfgang Marquardt

Download or read book OntoCAPE written by Wolfgang Marquardt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-16 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motivation for this Book Ontologies have received increasing attention over the last two decades. Their roots can be traced back to the ancient philosophers, who were interested in a c- ceptualization of the world. In the more recent past, ontologies and ontological engineering have evolved in computer science, building on various roots such as logics, knowledge representation, information modeling and management, and (knowledge-based) information systems. Most recently, largely driven by the next generation internet, the so-called Semantic Web, ontological software engineering has developed into a scientific field of its own, which puts particular emphasis on the theoretical foundations of representation and reasoning, and on the methods and tools required for building ontology-based software applications in diverse domains. Though this field is largely dominated by computer science, close re- tionships have been established with its diverse areas of application, where - searchers are interested in exploiting the results of ontological software engine- ing, particularly to build large knowledge-intensive applications at high productivity and low maintenance effort. Consequently, a large number of scientific papers and monographs have been p- lished in the very recent past dealing with the theory and practice of ontological software engineering. So far, the majority of those books are dedicated to the th- retical foundations of ontologies, including philosophical treatises and their re- tionships to established methods in information systems and ontological software engineering.

Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engines

Author : Fuquan Zhao
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 9780768011234
Total Pages : 658 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engines by : Fuquan Zhao

Download or read book Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engines written by Fuquan Zhao and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The homogeneous charge, compression-ignition (HCCI) combustion process has the potential to significantly reduce NOx and particulate emissions, while achieving high thermal efficiency and the capability of operating with a wide variety of fuels. This makes the HCCI engine an attractive technology that can ostensibly provide diesel-like fuel efficiency and very low emissions, which may allow emissions compliance to occur without relying on lean aftertreatment systems. A profound increase in the level of research and development of this technology has occurred in the last decade. This book gathers contributions from experts in both industry and academia, providing a basic introduction to the state-of-the-art of HCCI technology, a critical review of current HCCI research and development efforts, and perspective for the future. Chapters cover: Gasoline-Fueled HCCI Engines; Diesel-Fueled HCCI Engines; Alternative Fuels and Fuel Additives for HCCI Engines; HCCI Control and Operating Range Extension; Kinetics of HCCI Combustion; HCCI Engine Modeling Approaches.In addition to the extensive overview of terminology, physical processes, and future needs, each chapter also features select SAE papers (a total of 41 are included in the book), as well as a comprehensive list of references related to the subjects. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engines: Key Research and Development Issues provides a valuable base of information for those interested in learning about this rapidly-progressing technology which has the potential to enhance fuel economy and reduce emissions.

Diesel Combustion and Emissions

Author : Society of Automotive Engineers
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Diesel Combustion and Emissions by : Society of Automotive Engineers

Download or read book Diesel Combustion and Emissions written by Society of Automotive Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Biomass for Renewable Energy, Fuels, and Chemicals

Author : Donald L. Klass
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080528058
Total Pages : 669 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Biomass for Renewable Energy, Fuels, and Chemicals by : Donald L. Klass

Download or read book Biomass for Renewable Energy, Fuels, and Chemicals written by Donald L. Klass and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-07-06 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomass for Renewable Energy, Fuels, and Chemicals serves as a comprehensive introduction to the subject for the student and educator, and is useful for researchers who are interested in the technical details of biomass energy production. The coverage and discussion are multidisciplinary, reflecting the many scientific and engineering disciplines involved. The book will appeal to a broad range of energy professionals and specialists, farmers and foresters who are searching for methods of selecting, growing, and converting energy crops, entrepreneurs who are commercializing biomass energy projects, and those involved in designing solid and liquid waste disposal-energy recovery systems. Presents a graduated treatment from basic principles to the details of specific technologies Includes a critical analysis of many biomass energy research and commercialization activities Proposes several new technical approaches to improve efficiencies, net energy production, and economics Reviews failed projects, as well as successes, and methods for overcoming barriers to commercialization Written by a leader in the field with 40 years of educational, research, and commercialization experience

NOx Emission Control Technologies in Stationary and Automotive Internal Combustion Engines

Author : B. Ashok
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128242280
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis NOx Emission Control Technologies in Stationary and Automotive Internal Combustion Engines by : B. Ashok

Download or read book NOx Emission Control Technologies in Stationary and Automotive Internal Combustion Engines written by B. Ashok and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-09 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NOx Emission Control Technologies in Stationary and Automotive Internal Combustion Engines: Approaches Toward NOx Free Automobiles presents the fundamental theory of emission formation, particularly the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and its chemical reactions and control techniques. The book provides a simplified framework for technical literature on NOx reduction strategies in IC engines, highlighting thermodynamics, combustion science, automotive emissions and environmental pollution control. Sections cover the toxicity and roots of emissions for both SI and CI engines and the formation of various emissions such as CO, SO2, HC, NOx, soot, and PM from internal combustion engines, along with various methods of NOx formation. Topics cover the combustion process, engine design parameters, and the application of exhaust gas recirculation for NOx reduction, making this book ideal for researchers and students in automotive, mechanical, mechatronics and chemical engineering students working in the field of emission control techniques. - Covers advanced and recent technologies and emerging new trends in NOx reduction for emission control - Highlights the effects of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on engine performance parameters - Discusses emission norms such as EURO VI and Bharat stage VI in reducing global air pollution due to engine emissions

Gas Turbines

Author : Claire Soares
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0124104851
Total Pages : 1021 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (241 download)

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Book Synopsis Gas Turbines by : Claire Soares

Download or read book Gas Turbines written by Claire Soares and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-10-23 with total page 1021 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering basic theory, components, installation, maintenance, manufacturing, regulation and industry developments, Gas Turbines: A Handbook of Air, Sea and Land Applications is a broad-based introductory reference designed to give you the knowledge needed to succeed in the gas turbine industry, land, sea and air applications.Providing the big picture view that other detailed, data-focused resources lack, this book has a strong focus on the information needed to effectively decision-make and plan gas turbine system use for particular applications, taking into consideration not only operational requirements but long-term life-cycle costs in upkeep, repair and future use.With concise, easily digestible overviews of all important theoretical bases and a practical focus throughout, Gas Turbines is an ideal handbook for those new to the field or in the early stages of their career, as well as more experienced engineers looking for a reliable, one-stop reference that covers the breadth of the field. - Covers installation, maintenance, manufacturer's specifications, performance criteria and future trends, offering a rounded view of the area that takes in technical detail as well as well as industry economics and outlook - Updated with the latest industry developments, including new emission and efficiency regulations and their impact on gas turbine technology - Over 300 pages of new/revised content, including new sections on microturbines, non-conventional fuel sources for microturbines, emissions, major developments in aircraft engines, use of coal gas and superheated steam, and new case histories throughout highlighting component improvements in all systems and sub-systems

Mathematical Modelling of Gas-Phase Complex Reaction Systems: Pyrolysis and Combustion

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128195797
Total Pages : 1034 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematical Modelling of Gas-Phase Complex Reaction Systems: Pyrolysis and Combustion by :

Download or read book Mathematical Modelling of Gas-Phase Complex Reaction Systems: Pyrolysis and Combustion written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-06-21 with total page 1034 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematical Modelling of Gas-Phase Complex Reaction Systems: Pyrolysis and Combustion, Volume 45, gives an overview of the different steps involved in the development and application of detailed kinetic mechanisms, mainly relating to pyrolysis and combustion processes. The book is divided into two parts that cover the chemistry and kinetic models and then the numerical and statistical methods. It offers a comprehensive coverage of the theory and tools needed, along with the steps necessary for practical and industrial applications. Details thermochemical properties and "ab initio" calculations of elementary reaction rates Details kinetic mechanisms of pyrolysis and combustion processes Explains experimental data for improving reaction models and for kinetic mechanisms assessment Describes surrogate fuels and molecular reconstruction of hydrocarbon liquid mixtures Describes pollutant formation in combustion systems Solves and validates the kinetic mechanisms using numerical and statistical methods Outlines optimal design of industrial burners and optimization and dynamic control of pyrolysis furnaces Outlines large eddy simulation of turbulent reacting flows

Biodiesel

Author : Meisam Tabatabaei
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030009858
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Biodiesel by : Meisam Tabatabaei

Download or read book Biodiesel written by Meisam Tabatabaei and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-02 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents in-depth information on the state of the art of global biodiesel production and investigates its impact on climate change. Subsequently, it comprehensively discusses biodiesel production in terms of production systems (reactor technologies) as well as biodiesel purification and upgrading technologies. Moreover, the book reviews essential parameters in biodiesel production systems as well as major principles of operation, process control, and trouble-shooting in these systems. Conventional and emerging applications of biodiesel by-products with a view to further economize biodiesel production are also scrutinized. Separate chapters are dedicated to economic risk analysis and critical comparison of biodiesel production systems as well as techno-economical aspects of biodiesel plants. The book also thoroughly investigates the important aspects of biodiesel production and combustion by taking advantage of advanced sustainability analysis tools including life cycle assessment (LCA) and exergy techniques. In closing, the application of Omics technologies in biodiesel production is presented and discussed. This book is relevant to anyone with an interest in renewable, more sustainable fuel and energy solutions.

Clean Coal Engineering Technology

Author : Bruce G. Miller
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080961169
Total Pages : 697 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Clean Coal Engineering Technology by : Bruce G. Miller

Download or read book Clean Coal Engineering Technology written by Bruce G. Miller and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-11-15 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concern over the effects of airborne pollution, green house gases, and the impact of global warming has become a worldwide issue that transcends international boundaries, politics, and social responsibility. The 2nd Edition of Coal Energy Systems: Clean Coal Technology describes a new generation of energy processes that sharply reduce air emissions and other pollutants from coal-burning power plants. Coal is the dirtiest of all fossil fuels. When burned, it produces emissions that contribute to global warming, create acid rain, and pollute water. With all of the interest and research surrounding nuclear energy, hydropower, and biofuels, many think that coal is finally on its way out. However, coal generates half of the electricity in the United States and throughout the world today. It will likely continue to do so as long as it's cheap and plentiful [Source: Energy Information Administration]. Coal provides stability in price and availability, will continue to be a major source of electricity generation, will be the major source of hydrogen for the coming hydrogen economy, and has the potential to become an important source of liquid fuels. Conservation and renewable/sustainable energy are important in the overall energy picture, but will play a lesser role in helping us satisfy our energy demands today. Dramatically updated to meet the needs of an ever changing energy market, Coal Energy Systems, 2nd Edition is a single source covering policy and the engineering involved in implementing that policy. The book addresses many coal-related subjects of interest ranging from the chemistry of coal and the future engineering anatomy of a coal fired plant to the cutting edge clean coal technologies being researched and utilized today. A 50% update over the first edition, this new book contains new chapters on processes such as CO2 capture and sequestration, Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) systems, Pulverized-Coal Power Plants and Carbon Emission Trading. Existing materials on worldwide coal distribution and quantities, technical and policy issues regarding the use of coal, technologies used and under development for utilizing coal to produce heat, electricity, and chemicals with low environmental impact, vision for utilizing coal well into the 21st century, and the security coal presents. - Clean Liquids and Gaseous Fuels from Coal for Electric Power - Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) systems - Pulverized-Coal Power Plants - Advanced Coal-Based Power Plants - Fluidized-Bed Combustion Technology - CO2 capture and sequestration