History Of The Indian Tea Industry

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Tea War

Author : Andrew B. Liu
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300252331
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Tea War by : Andrew B. Liu

Download or read book Tea War written by Andrew B. Liu and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-14 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A history of capitalism in nineteenth‑ and twentieth‑century China and India that explores the competition between their tea industries “Tea War is not only a detailed comparative history of the transformation of tea production in the 19th and early 20th centuries, but it also intervenes in larger debates about the nature of capitalism, global modernity, and global history.”— Alexander F. Day, Occidental College Tea remains the world’s most popular commercial drink today, and at the turn of the twentieth century, it represented the largest export industry of both China and colonial India. In analyzing the global competition between Chinese and Indian tea, Andrew B. Liu challenges past economic histories premised on the technical “divergence” between the West and the Rest, arguing instead that seemingly traditional technologies and practices were central to modern capital accumulation across Asia. He shows how competitive pressures compelled Chinese merchants to adopt abstract industrial conceptions of time, while colonial planters in India pushed for labor indenture laws to support factory-style tea plantations. Characterizations of China and India as premodern backwaters, he explains, were themselves the historical result of new notions of political economy adopted by Chinese and Indian nationalists, who discovered that these abstract ideas corresponded to concrete social changes in their local surroundings. Together, these stories point toward a more flexible and globally oriented conceptualization of the history of capitalism in China and India.

The History of the Indian Tea Industry

Author : Sir Percival Joseph Griffiths
Publisher : London : Weidenfeld & Nicolson
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 820 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The History of the Indian Tea Industry by : Sir Percival Joseph Griffiths

Download or read book The History of the Indian Tea Industry written by Sir Percival Joseph Griffiths and published by London : Weidenfeld & Nicolson. This book was released on 1967 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Human Resource Management in the Indian Tea Industry

Author : Nirmal Roy
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000368688
Total Pages : 107 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Resource Management in the Indian Tea Industry by : Nirmal Roy

Download or read book Human Resource Management in the Indian Tea Industry written by Nirmal Roy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-03-15 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization policy was advocated in India in 1991 under the supervision of P.V. Narasimha Rao, the then Prime Minister of India. As a consequence, the tea plantation industry was largely affected. It has confronted difficult competition because of the simplification of tariff barriers and the removal of the quantity restrictions on imports. The result of these on the share of export of Indian tea has declined, the price has plunged, and the profitability has reduced. To remain competitive in the market, tea-producing companies have been forced to reduce the various costs, especially labour costs. Due to this, tea companies are not in a position to fulfil their responsibilities such as health, safety, welfare, and working conditions to the workers. Besides, improper recruitment of labour, lack of proper training facilities, and even irregularities in payment of wages have been increased significantly. As a result, 1.2 million workers in the tea industry to sustain themselves and their families have been adversely affected. This leads to labour unrest and the industry has become vulnerable. The final impact of all these issues spreads to the quality of tea and profitability of the industry in India. This book examines the existing human resource management practices in the Indian tea industry. It adopts a simplified yet comprehensive approach to showcase workforce management in the tea industry. This book will be of value to postgraduate students, researchers, HR professionals, and policymakers in the fields of human resource management, business history, and industrial relations.

Empire's Garden

Author : Jayeeta Sharma
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822350491
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis Empire's Garden by : Jayeeta Sharma

Download or read book Empire's Garden written by Jayeeta Sharma and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2011-08 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A history of the colonial tea plantation regime in Assam, which brought more than one million migrants to the region in northeast India, irrevocably changing the social landscape.

Green Gold

Author : Alan Macfarlane
Publisher : Random House
ISBN 13 : 1448116201
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Green Gold by : Alan Macfarlane

Download or read book Green Gold written by Alan Macfarlane and published by Random House. This book was released on 2011-11-30 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Apart from water, tea is more widely consumed than any other food or drink. Tens of billions of cups are drunk every day. How and why has tea conquered the world? Tea was the first global product. It altered life-styles, religions, etiquette and aesthetics. It raised nations and shattered empires. Economies were changed out of all recognition. Diseases were thwarted by the magical drink and cities founded on it. The industrial revolution was fuelled by tea, sealing the fate of the modern world. Green Gold is a remarkable detective story of how an East Himalayan camellia bush became the world's favourite drink. Discover how the tea plant came to be transplanted onto every continent and relive the stories of the men and women whose lives were transformed out of all recognition through contact with the deceptively innocuous green leaf.

Tasting Qualities

Author : Sarah Besky
Publisher : University of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520303245
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Tasting Qualities by : Sarah Besky

Download or read book Tasting Qualities written by Sarah Besky and published by University of California Press. This book was released on 2020-05-12 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the role of quality in contemporary capitalism? How is a product as ordinary as a bag of tea judged for its quality? In her innovative study, Sarah Besky addresses these questions by going inside an Indian auction house where experts taste and appraise mass-market black tea, one of the world’s most recognized commodities. Pairing rich historical data with ethnographic research among agronomists, professional tea tasters and traders, and tea plantation workers, Besky shows how the meaning of quality has been subjected to nearly constant experimentation and debate throughout the history of the tea industry. Working across fields of political economy, science and technology studies, and sensory ethnography, Tasting Qualities argues for an approach to quality that sees it not as a final destination for economic, imperial, or post-imperial projects but as an opening for those projects.

Chai

Author : Rekha Sarin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789381523919
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Chai by : Rekha Sarin

Download or read book Chai written by Rekha Sarin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experience the cultural history of Indian tea production; journey across this rich and fascinating country, to discover ancient landscapes, the natural environments of tea cultivation, the passions and the human story behind one of the most celebrated and sought after beverages.

One Hundred Years of Servitude

Author : Rana Partap Behal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789382381433
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (814 download)

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Book Synopsis One Hundred Years of Servitude by : Rana Partap Behal

Download or read book One Hundred Years of Servitude written by Rana Partap Behal and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a hundred-year history of tea plantations in the Assam (Brahmaputra) Valley during British colonial rule in India. It explores a world where more than two million migrant laborers worked under conditions of indentured servitude in the plantations, producing tea for an increasingly profitable global market. Behal traces the genesis and early development of the tea industry; the links between the colonial state and private British capital in fostering plantations in Assam; the nature of the 'tea mania,' and its consequences, which led to the emergence of the indenture labor system in Assam's tea gardens. The book describes process of labor mobilization and the nature of labor relations in the tea plantations. It deals with the operational aspects of labor recruitment, which involved the transportation and employment of migrant laborers, from the 1860s until the the indenture system was formally dismantled. It focuses on the power structure that ruled over the organization of production and labor relations within the plantations. This power structure operated at two levels: around the Indian Tea Association, the apex body of the tea industry, and the tea planters' coercive authority. The book examines the role of the colonial state and provides statistics on production, while also telling the story of everyday labor life in the tea gardens, and of the resistance to the oppressive regime by 'coolie' laborers who had been coerced into generational servitude. It analyses the forms of their protests, and raises the question whether the transformation of these migrant agrarian communities working in conditions of unfree labor was proletarian in nature.

The History of the Indian Tea Industry

Author : Percival Griffiths
Publisher : Weidenfeld & Nicolson
ISBN 13 : 9780297747321
Total Pages : 730 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (473 download)

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Book Synopsis The History of the Indian Tea Industry by : Percival Griffiths

Download or read book The History of the Indian Tea Industry written by Percival Griffiths and published by Weidenfeld & Nicolson. This book was released on 1945-01-01 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Time for Tea

Author : Piya Chatterjee
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822380153
Total Pages : 435 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis A Time for Tea by : Piya Chatterjee

Download or read book A Time for Tea written by Piya Chatterjee and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2001-11-29 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this creative, ethnographic, and historical critique of labor practices on an Indian plantation, Piya Chatterjee provides a sophisticated examination of the production, consumption, and circulation of tea. A Time for Tea reveals how the female tea-pluckers seen in advertisements—picturesque women in mist-shrouded fields—came to symbolize the heart of colonialism in India. Chatterjee exposes how this image has distracted from terrible working conditions, low wages, and coercive labor practices enforced by the patronage system. Allowing personal, scholarly, and artistic voices to speak in turn and in tandem, Chatterjee discusses the fetishization of women who labor under colonial, postcolonial, and now neofeudal conditions. In telling the overarching story of commodity and empire, A Time for Tea demonstrates that at the heart of these narratives of travel, conquest, and settlement are compelling stories of women workers. While exploring the global and political dimensions of local practices of gendered labor, Chatterjee also reflects on the privileges and paradoxes of her own “decolonization” as a Third World feminist anthropologist. The book concludes with an extended reflection on the cultures of hierarchy, power, and difference in the plantation’s villages. It explores the overlapping processes by which gender, caste, and ethnicity constitute the interlocked patronage system of villages and their fields of labor. The tropes of coercion, consent, and resistance are threaded through the discussion. A Time for Tea will appeal to anthropologists and historians, South Asianists, and those interested in colonialism, postcolonialism, labor studies, and comparative or international feminism. Designated a John Hope Franklin Center book by the John Hope Franklin Seminar Group on Race, Religion, and Globalization.

Tea

Author : Roy Moxham
Publisher : Constable
ISBN 13 : 9781841199177
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (991 download)

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Book Synopsis Tea by : Roy Moxham

Download or read book Tea written by Roy Moxham and published by Constable. This book was released on 2004 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The British were slow to take to tea, lagging behind the Portuguese and Dutch, and even the French. When they finally took it to their hearts, however, it became a national obsession. They covered their kingdom with tea gardens and tea shops. The taxation of tea led to massive smuggling, and the loss of their American empire.

Tea Environments and Plantation Culture

Author : Arnab Dey
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108610153
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Tea Environments and Plantation Culture by : Arnab Dey

Download or read book Tea Environments and Plantation Culture written by Arnab Dey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-12-13 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arnab Dey examines the intersecting role of law, ecology, and agronomy in shaping the history of tea and its plantations in British east India. He suggests that looking afresh at the legal, environmental, and agro-economic aspects of tea production illuminate covert, expedient, and often illegal administrative and commercial dealings that had an immediate and long-term human and environmental impact on the region. Critiquing this imperial commodity's advertised mandate of agrarian modernization in colonial India, Dey points to numerous tea pests, disease ecologies, felled forests, harsh working conditions, wage manipulation, and political resistance as examples of tea's unseemly legacy in the subcontinent. Dey draws together the plant and the plantation in highlighting the ironies of the tea economy and its consequences for the agrarian history of eastern India.

A Thirst for Empire

Author : Erika Rappaport
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691192707
Total Pages : 568 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis A Thirst for Empire by : Erika Rappaport

Download or read book A Thirst for Empire written by Erika Rappaport and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-05 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Tea has been one of the most popular commodities in the world. Over centuries, profits from its growth and sales funded wars and fueled colonization, and its cultivation brought about massive changes--in land use, labor systems, market practices, and social hierarchies--the effects of which are with us even today. A Thirst for Empire takes a vast and in-depth historical look at how men and women--through the tea industry in Europe, Asia, North America, and Africa--transformed global tastes and habits and in the process created our modern consumer society. As Erika Rappaport shows, between the seventeenth and twentieth centuries the boundaries of the tea industry and the British Empire overlapped but were never identical, and she highlights the economic, political, and cultural forces that enabled the British Empire to dominate--but never entirely control--the worldwide production, trade, and consumption of tea. Rappaport delves into how Europeans adopted, appropriated, and altered Chinese tea culture to build a widespread demand for tea in Britain and other global markets and a plantation-based economy in South Asia and Africa. Tea was among the earliest colonial industries in which merchants, planters, promoters, and retailers used imperial resources to pay for global advertising and political lobbying. The commercial model that tea inspired still exists and is vital for understanding how politics and publicity influence the international economy ..."--Jacket.

For All the Tea in China

Author : Sarah Rose
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1101190019
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis For All the Tea in China by : Sarah Rose

Download or read book For All the Tea in China written by Sarah Rose and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2010-03-18 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A dramatic historical narrative of the man who stole the secret of tea from China In 1848, the British East India Company, having lost its monopoly on the tea trade, engaged Robert Fortune, a Scottish gardener, botanist, and plant hunter, to make a clandestine trip into the interior of China—territory forbidden to foreigners—to steal the closely guarded secrets of tea horticulture and manufacturing. For All the Tea in China is the remarkable account of Fortune's journeys into China—a thrilling narrative that combines history, geography, botany, natural science, and old-fashioned adventure. Disguised in Mandarin robes, Fortune ventured deep into the country, confronting pirates, hostile climate, and his own untrustworthy men as he made his way to the epicenter of tea production, the remote Wu Yi Shan hills. One of the most daring acts of corporate espionage in history, Fortune's pursuit of China's ancient secret makes for a classic nineteenth-century adventure tale, one in which the fate of empires hinges on the feats of one extraordinary man.

Coolies of Capitalism

Author : Nitin Varma
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110461285
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Coolies of Capitalism by : Nitin Varma

Download or read book Coolies of Capitalism written by Nitin Varma and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-05-07 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Coolie” is a generic category for the “unskilled” manual labour. The offering of services for hire had various pre-colonial lineages. In the nineteenth century there was an attempt to recast the term in discursive constructions and material practices for “mobilized-immobilized” labour. Coolie labour was often proclaimed as a deliberate compromise straddling the regimes of the past (slave labour) and the future (free labour). It was portrayed as a stage in a promised transition. The tea plantations of Assam, like many other tropical plantations in South Asia, were inaugurated and formalized during this period. They were initially worked by the locals. In the late 1850s, the locals were replaced by labourers imported from outside the province who were unquestioningly designated “coolies” in the historical literature. Qualifying this framework of transition (local to coolie labour) and introduction (of coolie labour), this study makes a case for the “production” of coolie labour in the history of the colonial-capitalist plantations in Assam. The intention of the research is not to suggest an unfettered agency of colonial-capitalism in defining and “producing” coolies, with an emphasis on the attendant contingencies, negotiations, contestations and crises. The study intervenes in the narratives of an abrupt appearance of the archetypical coolie of the tea gardens (i.e., imported and indentured) and situates this archetype’s emergence, sustenance and shifts in the context of material and discursive processes.

The Life of a Text

Author : Philip Lutgendorf
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520909348
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis The Life of a Text by : Philip Lutgendorf

Download or read book The Life of a Text written by Philip Lutgendorf and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1991-07-23 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Life of a Text offers a vivid portrait of one community's interaction with its favorite text—the epic Ramcaritmanas—and the way in which performances of the epic function as a flexible and evolving medium for cultural expression. Anthropologists, historians of religion, and readers interested in the culture of North India and the performance arts will find breadth of subject, careful scholarship, and engaging presentation in this unique and beautifully illustrated examination of Hindi culture. The most popular and influential text of Hindi-speaking North India, the epic Ramcaritmanas is a sixteenth century retelling of the Ramayana story by the poet Tulsidas. This masterpiece of pre-modern Hindi literature has always reached its largely illiterate audiences primarily through oral performance including ceremonial recitation, folksinging, oral exegesis, and theatrical representation. Drawing on fieldwork in Banaras, Lutgendorf breaks new ground by capturing the range of performance techniques in vivid detail and tracing the impact of the epic in its contemporary cultural context.

Hanuman's Tale

Author : Philip Lutgendorf
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199885826
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Hanuman's Tale by : Philip Lutgendorf

Download or read book Hanuman's Tale written by Philip Lutgendorf and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-01-11 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hanuman, the devoted monkey helper of Rama and Sita, has long been recognized as a popular character in India's ancient Ramayana epic. But more recently he has also become one of the most beloved and worshiped gods in the Hindu pantheon - enshrined in majestic new temples, but equally present in poster art, advertising, and mass media. Drawing on Sanskrit and vernacular texts, classical iconography and modern TV serials, and extensive fieldwork and interviews, Philip Lutgendorf challenges the academic cliché of Hanuman as a "minor" or "folk" deity by exploring his complex and growing role in South Asian religion and culture. This wide-ranging study examines the historical evolution of Hanuman's worship, his close association with Shiva and goddesses, his invocation in tantric ritual, his physical immortality and enduring presence in sacred sites, and his appeal to devotees who include scholars, wrestlers, healers, politicians, and middle-class urbanites. Lutgendorf also offers a rich array of entertaining stories not previously available in English: an expanding epic cycle that he christens the "Hanumayana." Arguing that Hanuman's role as cosmic "middle man" is intimately linked to his embodiment in a charming and provocative simian form, Lutgendorf moves beyond the Indian subcontinent to interrogate the wider human fascination with anthropoid primates as boundary beings and as potent signifiers of both Self and Other.