Higher Education Issues In Chile And The United States

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Reviews of National Policies for Education

Author : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Publisher : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Washington, D.C. : OECD Publications and Information Center
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Reviews of National Policies for Education by : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

Download or read book Reviews of National Policies for Education written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Washington, D.C. : OECD Publications and Information Center. This book was released on 1984 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A team of examiners from the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) reviews Portugal's education system in a three-part report. Part One begins with the consequences of the 1974 revolution, Portugal's economic problems, its impending attachment to the European Economic Community, and rising public expectations about education. It continues with criticism of the Ministry of Education, which is overstaffed and has duplicate functions. The examiners propose reduction of branches and suggest the establishment of a national education advisory council and closer relations with other government agencies. A high priority for the compulsory school-level education (four primary and two preparatory grades) is improvement of standards in rural areas. Accepting the future extension of compulsory schooling from 6 to 9 years, the examiners counsel step-by-step reform of the school structure and curriculum. Education of 16-to-19 year olds is a problematic issue since upper-secondary schools are not providing adequate vocational courses. The examiners feel a solution is for Portugal to adopt a comprehensive education and training policy for that age group implemented jointly by the Ministries of Education and Labor. Part Two of the report includes a record of the review meeting between the OECD examiners and the Minister of Education and his delegates and addresses five areas of concern. The third part is a summary of the Ministry of Education's Backgroud Report of the education system in Portugal. (MD)

The Education Systems of the Americas

Author : Sieglinde Jornitz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783319934433
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (344 download)

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Book Synopsis The Education Systems of the Americas by : Sieglinde Jornitz

Download or read book The Education Systems of the Americas written by Sieglinde Jornitz and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook focuses on and compares the education systems in the three Americas: North, Central and South America, and includes a chapter on most countries in the region. The chapters follow a common structure and include schematic diagrams of the structure of mainstream education from pre-primary to tertiary level. Each chapter starts with a description of the historical and social foundations of the education system from the post-World War II period up to today, including political, economic and cultural contexts and conditions. By highlighting important dates and structural decisions, the current education system can be understood as resulting from past developments. The first part ends with a description of the transitions to the labour market that are offered, and the way in which these are organized in the education system described. The second part consists of an overview of the institutional and organizational principles as well as the structure of education from pre-primary to tertiary level. It includes a focus on legislative bases and financial provisions for the education system and a description of the structure by using the ISCED-classification. It further includes information of the supply of human resources such as teachers and other educators. The third and final part of the handbook discusses selected educational trends and aspects. In this context, three topics are of particular interest: dealing with inequality, ICT and digitization activities, and STEM-related policies and programmes.

Academic Rebels in Chile

Author : Ivan Jaksic
Publisher : State University of New York Press
ISBN 13 : 1438407750
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Academic Rebels in Chile by : Ivan Jaksic

Download or read book Academic Rebels in Chile written by Ivan Jaksic and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 1989-07-03 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many philosophers have been appointed to top-level political positions during Chile's modern history. What makes Chilean philosophers unique in the context of Latin America and beyond, is that they have developed a sophisticated rationale for both their participation and withdrawal from politics. All along, philosophers have grappled with fundamental problems such as the role of religion and politics in society. They have also played a fundamental role in defining the nature and aims of higher education. The philosophers' production constitutes a substantial, albeit largely unknown, portion of the intellectual history of Chile and Latin America. This book describes in detail the evolution of philosophical work in Chile, and pays close attention to the relationship between philosophical activity and contemporary social and political events. Various Chilean philosophical sources are discussed for the first time in the literature on Chilean ideas. The work of such intellectuals as Andres Bello, Valentin Letelier, Enrique Molina, Jorge Millas, Juan Rivano, Juan de Dios Vial Larrain, and many others is examined in relation to the principal political and educational issues of their time. The book also develops a distinction between the two main currents of Chilean philosophy, namely, a "professionalist" current that seeks the independence of the field from social and political involvements, and a "critical" current that seeks to relate philosophical activity to national realities.

Myth, Reality, and Reform

Author : Cláudio de Moura Castro
Publisher : IDB
ISBN 13 : 9781886938601
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (386 download)

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Book Synopsis Myth, Reality, and Reform by : Cláudio de Moura Castro

Download or read book Myth, Reality, and Reform written by Cláudio de Moura Castro and published by IDB. This book was released on 2000 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Myth, Reality, and Reform bridges these critiques by balancing the importance of the four key functions of higher education: academic leadership, professional development, technological training and development, and general higher education. The book suggests how to consolidate the strengths of higher education systems while fundamentally reforming their weaker features.

The Quest for Equity in Chile’s Higher Education

Author : María Verónica Santelices
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1498543480
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis The Quest for Equity in Chile’s Higher Education by : María Verónica Santelices

Download or read book The Quest for Equity in Chile’s Higher Education written by María Verónica Santelices and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-11-15 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Chile during the last forty years, there have been important initiatives aimed at increasing equity in higher education, including the private provision of tertiary education starting in 1980, the growing support provided by the state to low-income students through financial aid, the increasing importance of institutional financial aid, a university admissions system that has made efforts to reduce the important weight standardized test scores have traditionally had in admissions decisions and institutional-level programs implemented to broadened the admission of low income students to selective institutions. This book seeks to describe the concurrent efforts undertaken both at the national and at the institutional level to increase equity in access to higher education and educational outcomes in Chile during the last four decades. Taking stock of the accomplishments of Chile´s higher education system is especially important at a time when social demands and political decisions seem to deeply question the road traveled.

Understanding Global Higher Education

Author : Georgiana Mihut
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9463510443
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (635 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Global Higher Education by : Georgiana Mihut

Download or read book Understanding Global Higher Education written by Georgiana Mihut and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-24 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together selected articles published in University World News (UWN) and International Higher Education (IHE) between 2011 and 2016. Researchers, policy makers, and practitioners alike further the development of higher education as a field of study through public and ongoing conversations. It is news, analysis, and commentary publications like UWN and IHE that facilitate this dialogue and keep pace with the most up-to-date developments in the field. Together, the articles included in this volume—alongside the section introductions—offer a rich and relevant picture of the dynamic state of higher education globally. While both publications are freely available online, this book provides a thematically coherent selection of articles, offering an accessible and analytic perspective on the pressing concerns of contemporary higher education.

Higher Education in Latin America and the Challenges of the 21st Century

Author : Simon Schwartzman
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030442632
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Higher Education in Latin America and the Challenges of the 21st Century by : Simon Schwartzman

Download or read book Higher Education in Latin America and the Challenges of the 21st Century written by Simon Schwartzman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-29 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview of the region with one of the fastest growing higher education sectors in the world. Until the beginning of the 1980s, universities were restricted to the elites in Latin American countries, with less than 5 million students enrolled in its courses. In the last four decades, however, the region went through a boom of higher education institutions and now has more than 25 million students enrolled in more than 3,800 universities – approximately 10% of all students enrolled in higher education courses in the world with four times more higher education institutions than Europe. The boom of Latin American higher education is analyzed in this contributed volume by leading experts from the region. They discuss the causes and consequences of this massive expansion and the challenges they pose for different stakeholders such as governments, private entrepreneurs, teachers, researchers, students, policy makers, educational managers and many other social groups. Topics discussed in the volume include: Massive expansion of tertiary enrollment in Latin America Expansion of private higher education Proliferation of new kinds of institutions, different from the classic university model The challenge of developing quality assurance and accreditation systems Internationalization of academic research and teaching in Latin America The challenge of integrating academic research and technological innovation Higher Education in Latin America and the Challenges of the 21st Century will be a valuable resource for educational researchers, sociologists, political scientists and other social scientists dedicated to the study of the expansion of higher education and its social implications in different parts of the world. The book will also be of interest to policy makers s and both public and private agents interested in understanding the global dynamics of higher education.

School Choice In Chile

Author : Varun Gauri
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis School Choice In Chile by : Varun Gauri

Download or read book School Choice In Chile written by Varun Gauri and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 1998 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: School Choice in Chile examines the dramatic educational decentralization and privatization of schools in Chile. Given the lack of experience the United States has with school choice, Gauri presents a necessary report that parents, policy analysts in education and social welfare, as well as students of political science, public policy, and education, will find extremely useful.

Improving a Country’s Education

Author : Nuno Crato
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030590313
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving a Country’s Education by : Nuno Crato

Download or read book Improving a Country’s Education written by Nuno Crato and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-23 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book compares and contrasts the results of international student assessments in ten countries. The OECD’s Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) released the results of its 2018 assessment in December 2019. This book reflects the debates that typically follow the release of these results and focuses on the causes of differences between countries. Such causes include continuous decline in one country, improvement combined with increasing internal inequalities in another country, or rapid improvement in spite of an outdated curriculum in yet another. In addition, the book discusses a number of general questions: Is knowledge outdated? Are computers taking over and replacing teachers? Are schools killing creativity? Are we adequately preparing the next generation? Are schools failing to educate our kids? The book starts out with a summary of PISA’s evolution and PISA results, and an explanation of the major factors that play a role in changes in countries’ results. The next ten chapters are devoted to ten specific countries, offering a summary of data and an explanation of the major drives for changes in education results for each one. Each chapter includes a short description of the country’s educational system as well as the impact of PISA and other ILSA studies on the country’s educational policies. The chapters also include a timeline of policy measures and main hallmarks of the country’s educational evolution, discussing the impact of these measures on its PISA results. A final reference chapter explains what PISA is, what it measures and how. While highlighting the 2018 results, the book also takes into consideration previous results, as well as long-term initiatives. This book gathers the contribution of well-known and respected experts in the field. Specialists such as Eric Hanushek, for the US, Tim Oates, for England, Montse Gomendio, for Spain, Gunda Tire, for Estonia, and all other contributors draw on their vast experience and statistical analysis expertise to draw a set of rich country lessons and recommendations that are invaluable for all of those who care about improving a country’s education system.

Trends and Challenges in Science and Higher Education

Author : Hugo Horta
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319209647
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Trends and Challenges in Science and Higher Education by : Hugo Horta

Download or read book Trends and Challenges in Science and Higher Education written by Hugo Horta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the role that integrated science and higher education policies may play in further democratizing and promoting social-economic development in Latin America. It suggests that such democratizing and development may be achieved in two complementary ways: i) broadening the access to knowledge through formal learning processes of higher education, and ii) promoting the advanced qualification of people while strengthening research institutions. The book shows how this entails a complex process of policy integration, with an emphasis on human resources and institutional issues combined in processes of technical change. It discusses in detail the three main challenges that most Latin American countries face in a globalized age, based on knowledge and ever-evolving learning processes. These challenges are the need to broaden the access to higher education; to make this access more socially balanced; and to recover from a long gap in investing in knowledge production and dissemination. This book treats these issues from a variety of conceptual and methodological perspectives that present a contribution to the field of science policy and higher education studies, and inform policymakers in Latin America.

Primary and Secondary Education During Covid-19

Author : Fernando M. Reimers
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030815005
Total Pages : 467 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Primary and Secondary Education During Covid-19 by : Fernando M. Reimers

Download or read book Primary and Secondary Education During Covid-19 written by Fernando M. Reimers and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access edited volume is a comparative effort to discern the short-term educational impact of the covid-19 pandemic on students, teachers and systems in Brazil, Chile, Finland, Japan, Mexico, Norway, Portugal, Russia, Singapore, Spain, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States. One of the first academic comparative studies of the educational impact of the pandemic, the book explains how the interruption of in person instruction and the variable efficacy of alternative forms of education caused learning loss and disengagement with learning, especially for disadvantaged students. Other direct and indirect impacts of the pandemic diminished the ability of families to support children and youth in their education. For students, as well as for teachers and school staff, these included the economic shocks experienced by families, in some cases leading to food insecurity and in many more causing stress and anxiety and impacting mental health. Opportunity to learn was also diminished by the shocks and trauma experienced by those with a close relative infected by the virus, and by the constrains on learning resulting from students having to learn at home, where the demands of schoolwork had to be negotiated with other family necessities, often sharing limited space. Furthermore, the prolonged stress caused by the uncertainty over the resolution of the pandemic and resulting from the knowledge that anyone could be infected and potentially lose their lives, created a traumatic context for many that undermined the necessary focus and dedication to schoolwork. These individual effects were reinforced by community effects, particularly for students and teachers living in communities where the multifaceted negative impacts resulting from the pandemic were pervasive. This is an open access book.

Mass Intellectuality of the Neoliberal State

Author : Nicolas Fleet
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030771938
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Mass Intellectuality of the Neoliberal State by : Nicolas Fleet

Download or read book Mass Intellectuality of the Neoliberal State written by Nicolas Fleet and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-19 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the political effects of the massification of higher education and intellectual labor in the neoliberal state. Using the case of Chile, the author argues that public professionalism emerges in the mass university system, producing excesses of knowledge which infuse the state with political purpose at many levels. The emergence of the student movement in 2011, then the major social mobilization against the neoliberal state since the restoration of democracy in 1990, provided a clear manifestation of the politicization and ideological divisions of the mass university system. In conditions of mass intellectuality, public professionals mobilize their political affinities and links with society, eventually affecting the direction of state power, even against neoliberal policy. Through several interviews with academics, public professionals, and other documentary and statistical analyses, the book illustrates the different sites of political socialization and the ideological effectiveness of the emergent mass intellectuality of the neoliberal state.

Higher Education in Latin America

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821362099
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Higher Education in Latin America by : World Bank

Download or read book Higher Education in Latin America written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on studies of higher education in seven countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Mexico, and Peru), the volume identifies opportunities for raising Latin America's profile on the global stage"--Jacket.

The Human Rights-Based Approach to Higher Education

Author : Jane Kotzmann
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019086351X
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis The Human Rights-Based Approach to Higher Education by : Jane Kotzmann

Download or read book The Human Rights-Based Approach to Higher Education written by Jane Kotzmann and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-05 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A human right to higher education was included in the International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), which came into force in 1976. Yet the world has changed significantly since the ICESCR was drafted. State legislation and policies have generally followed a neoliberal trajectory, shifting the perception of higher education from being a public good to being a commodity able to be bought and sold. This model has been criticized, particularly because it generally reinforces social inequality. At the same time, attaining higher education has become more important than ever before. Higher education is a prerequisite for many jobs and those who have attained higher education enjoy improved life circumstances. This book seeks to determine: Is there still a place for the human right to higher education in the current international context? In seeking to answer this question, this book compares and contrasts two general theoretical models that are used to frame higher education policy: the market-based approach and the human rights-based approach. In the process, it contributes to an understanding of the likely effectiveness of market-based versus human rights-based approaches to higher education provision in terms of teaching and learning. This understanding should enable the development of more improved, sophisticated, and ultimately successful higher education policies. This book contends that a human rights-based approach to higher education policy is more likely to enable the achievement of higher education purposes than a market-based approach. In reaching this conclusion, the book identifies and addresses some strategic considerations of relevance for advocates of a human rights-based approach in this context.

Global Opportunities and Challenges for Higher Education Leaders: Briefs on Key Themes

Author : Laura E. Rumbley
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9462098638
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Opportunities and Challenges for Higher Education Leaders: Briefs on Key Themes by : Laura E. Rumbley

Download or read book Global Opportunities and Challenges for Higher Education Leaders: Briefs on Key Themes written by Laura E. Rumbley and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-26 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Higher education leaders today recognize the need to develop an international strategy for their institutions but may lack the knowledge and perspective

Chile in Transition

Author : Roland Benedikter
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319179519
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Chile in Transition by : Roland Benedikter

Download or read book Chile in Transition written by Roland Benedikter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-14 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic, political and social situation in Chile shows a country in transition. Some observers anticipate a broad “reboot” of the nation. While Chile is still seen by many as an example of progress in South America and of developmental potential in the global South, it faces a complex political constellation, particularly in the aftermath of the re-election of Michelle Bachelet. Many wonder how social and institutional innovations can be incepted without interrupting the country’s remarkable success over the past decades. This book provides an interdisciplinary analysis of Chile’s situation and perspectives. In particular, it addresses the questions: What is Chile’s real socio-political situation behind the curtains, irrespective of simplifications? What are the nation’s main opportunities and problems? What future strategies will be concretely applicable to improve social balance and mitigate ideological divisions? The result is a provocative examination of a nation in search of identity and its role on the global stage. Roland Benedikter, Dr. Dr. Dr., is Research Scholar at the Orfalea Center for Global and International Studies, University of California, Santa Barbara, Senior Research Scholar of the Council on Hemispheric Affairs Washington D.C., Trustee of the Toynbee Prize Foundation Boston and Full Member of the Club of Rome. Katja Siepmann, MA, is Senior Research Fellow of the Counc il on Hemispheric Affairs Washington D.C., Member of the German Council on Foreign Relations, and Lecturer at the Faculty of Interdisciplinary Cultural Sciences of the European University Frankfurt/Oder. The volume features a Foreword by Ned Strong, Executive Director of the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies, Harvard University, and a Preface by Larry Birns, Director of the Council on Hemispheric Affairs, Washington D.C., and Former Senior Public Affairs Officer of the United Nations’ Economic Commission for Latin America (Santiago, Chile).

Higher Education and the State in Latin America

Author : Daniel C. Levy
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226476087
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Higher Education and the State in Latin America by : Daniel C. Levy

Download or read book Higher Education and the State in Latin America written by Daniel C. Levy and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1986-03 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Latin America higher education has undergone an astonishing transformation in recent years, highlighted by the private sector's growth from 3 to 34 percent of the region's total enrollment. In this provocative work Daniel Levy examines the sources, characteristics, and consequences of the development and considers the privatization of higher education within the broader context of state-society relationships. Levy shows how specific national circumstances cause variations and identifies three basic private-public patterns: one in which the private and public sectors are relatively similar and those in which one sector or the other is dominant. These patterns are analyzed in depth in case studies of Chile, Mexico, and Brazil. For each sector, Levy investigates origins and growth, and then who pays, who rules, and whose interests are served. In addition to providing a wealth of information, Levy offers incisive analyses of the nature of public and private institutions. Finally, he explores the implications of his findings for concepts such as autonomy, corporatism, and privatization. His multifaceted study is a major contribution to the literature on Latin American studies, comparative politics, and higher education.