High Throughput Synthesis of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis High Throughput Synthesis of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers by :

Download or read book High Throughput Synthesis of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Phase I STTR program (Topic #AF03T024) was aimed at the design and synthesis of an AlGaAs/ GaAs-based epitaxial layer structure for terahertz quantum cascade lasers (THz QC lasers) that can be grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The program succeeded in growing two different THz QC laser structures by MOCVD. The wafer growths of these 10 micron thick epitaxial structures by MOCVD required 5 hours of growth time, compared to one day for the competing MBE growth technology. This was the first successful demonstration of an MOCVD-grown terahertz laser structure. Verification of the epitaxial layer parameters was carried out by scanning transmission electron microscopy, verifying conformance to design specifications within 0.16%. A highly efficient terahertz laser design, consisting of a metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM), planar waveguide structure, was theoretically analyzed and found to be the best design for low threshold current and high laser operating temperature. Phase I demonstrated that it is possible to grow high-quality THz QC laser material by the production-amenable, high wafer capacity MOCVD technology, while Phase II will utilize this design for laser fabrication.

Spectroscopic Applications of Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers

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Publisher : Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3736962975
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Spectroscopic Applications of Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers by : Tasmim Alam

Download or read book Spectroscopic Applications of Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers written by Tasmim Alam and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2020-10-29 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are attractive for high-resolution spectroscopy because they can provide high power and a narrow linewidth. They are particularly promising in the terahertz (THz) range since they can be used as local oscillators for heterodyne detection as well as transmitters for direct detection. However, THz QCL-based technologies are still under development and are limited by the lack of frequency tunability as well as the frequency and output power stability for free-running operation. In this dissertation, frequency tuning and linewidth of THz QCLs are studied in detail by using rotational spectroscopic features of molecular species. In molecular spectroscopy, the Doppler eff ect broadens the spectral lines of molecules in the gas phase at thermal equilibrium. Saturated absorption spectroscopy has been performed that allows for sub-Doppler resolution of the spectral features. One possible application is QCL frequency stabilization based on the Lamb dip. Since the tunability of the emission frequency is an essential requirement to use THz QCL for high-resolution spectroscopy, a new method has been developed that relies on near-infrared (NIR) optical excitation of the QCL rear-facet. A wide tuning range has been achieved by using this approach. The scheme is straightforward to implement, and the approach can be readily applied to a large class of THz QCLs. The frequency and output stability of the local oscillator has a direct impact on the performance and consistency of the heterodyne spectroscopy. A technique has been developed for a simultaneous stabilization of the frequency and output power by taking advantage of the frequency and power regulation by NIR excitation. The results presented in this thesis will enable the routine use of THz QCLs for spectroscopic applications in the near future.

Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (973 download)

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Book Synopsis Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers by : Saeed Fathololoumi

Download or read book Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers written by Saeed Fathololoumi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mid-Infrared and Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108570607
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Mid-Infrared and Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers by : Dan Botez

Download or read book Mid-Infrared and Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers written by Dan Botez and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-09-14 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn how the rapidly expanding area of mid-infrared and terahertz photonics has been revolutionized in this comprehensive overview. State-of-the-art practical applications are supported by real-life examples and expert guidance. Also featuring fundamental theory enabling you to improve performance of both existing and future devices.

High-Power and High-Efficiency Operation of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers at 3.3 THz*Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China Under Grant Nos 2014CB339803 and 2013CB632801, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China Under Grant

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
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Book Synopsis High-Power and High-Efficiency Operation of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers at 3.3 THz*Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China Under Grant Nos 2014CB339803 and 2013CB632801, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China Under Grant by :

Download or read book High-Power and High-Efficiency Operation of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers at 3.3 THz*Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China Under Grant Nos 2014CB339803 and 2013CB632801, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China Under Grant written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : A high-power and high-efficiency GaAs/AlGaAs-based terahertz (THz) quantum cascade laser structure emitting at 3.3 THz is presented. The structure is based on a hybrid bound-to-continuum transition and resonant-phonon extraction active region combined with a semi-insulating surface-plasmon waveguide. By optimizing material structure and device processing, the peak optical output power of 758 mW with a threshold current density of 120 A/cm 2 and a wall-plug efficiency of 0.92% at 10K and 404mW at 77K are obtained in pulsed operation. The maximum operating temperature is as high as 115 K. In the cw mode, a record optical output power of 160 mW with a threshold current density of 178 A/cm 2 and a wall-plug efficiency of 1.32% is achieved at 10 K.

Design, Analysis, and Characterization of Indirectly-pumped Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (875 download)

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Book Synopsis Design, Analysis, and Characterization of Indirectly-pumped Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers by : Seyed Ghasem Razavipour

Download or read book Design, Analysis, and Characterization of Indirectly-pumped Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers written by Seyed Ghasem Razavipour and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum cascade laser (QCL), as a unipolar semiconductor laser based on intersubband transitions in quantum wells, covers a large portion of the Mid and Far Infrared electromagnetic spectrum. The frequency of the optical transition can be determined by engineering the layer sequence of the heterostructure. The focus of this work is on Terahertz (THz) frequency range (frequency of 1 - 10 THz and photon energy of ~ 4 - 40 meV), which is lacking of high power, coherent, and efficient narrowband radiation sources. THz QCL, demonstrated in 2002, as a perfect candidate of coherent THz source, is still suffering from the empirical operating temperature limiting factor of T [ap] h̳[omega]/kB, which allows this source to work only under a cryogenic system. Most of high performance THz QCLs, including the world record design which lased up to ~ 200 K, are based on a resonant phonon (RP) scheme, whose population inversion is always less than 50%. The indirectly-pumped (IDP) QCL, nicely implemented in MIR frequency, starts to be a good candidate to overcome the aforementioned limiting factor of RP-QCL. A rate equation (RE) formalism, which includes both coherent and incoherent transport process, will be introduced to model the carrier transport of all presented structures in this thesis. The second order tunneling which employed the intrasubband roughness and impurity scattering, was implemented in our model to nicely predict the behavior of the QCL designs. This model, which is easy to implement and fast to calculate, could help us to engineer the electron wavefunctions of the structure with optimization tools. We developed a new design scheme which employs the phonon scattering mechanism for both injecting carrier to the upper lasing state and extracting carrier from lower lasing state. Since there is no injection/extraction state to be in resonance with lasing states, this simple design scheme does not suffer from broadening due to the tunneling. Finally, three different THz IDP-QCLs, based on phonon-photon-phonon (3P) scheme were designed, grown, fabricated, and characterized. The performance of those structures in terms of operating temperature, threshold current density, maximum current density, output optical power, lasing frequency, differential resistance at threshold, intermediate resonant current before threshold, and kBT/h̳[omega] factor will be compared. We could improve the kBT/h̳[omega] factor of the 3P-QCL design from 0.9 in first iteration to 1.3 and the output optical power of the structure from 0.9 mW in first design to 3.4 mW. The performance of the structure in terms of intermediate resonant current and the change in differential resistance at threshold was improved.

Toward High Performance Broad-band Frequency Comb Operation of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Toward High Performance Broad-band Frequency Comb Operation of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers by : Chao Xu

Download or read book Toward High Performance Broad-band Frequency Comb Operation of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers written by Chao Xu and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in Terahertz Quantum Cascade Laser (THz QCL) development are pushing this technology ever closer to practical application, particularly within the spectroscopic field. For this reason, optimizing the operation of THz QCL frequency combs, which can potentially provide unprecedented accuracy and stability to the optical spectra in a broad frequency band, is of particular interest to the research community. The THz QCLs frequency comb was only recently realized using two separate techniques: either a broad-gain active region or a group velocity dispersion controlled waveguide. However, due to residual optical dispersion from both the gain medium and the cold waveguide, comb formation in these reported THz QCLs can only sustain a limited current injection region and the observed comb frequency range is much narrower than the bandwidth of the designed gain medium. To overcome these limitations, this thesis targets a new THz QCL frequency comb device design that simultaneously exploits the broadband gain active region and a group velocity dispersion (GVD)-compensated waveguide over an octave frequency band of 2-4 THz. In designing a broadband gain active region, two heterogeneous structures are proposed and simulated, with one combining three different bound-to-continuum (BTC) active regions operating at a temperature of 25 K, and another one consisting of four different resonant-phonon (RP) active regions operating at the liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) or higher. The simulation results show that both active region designs can provide a broadband and 'flat-top' gain profile covering the frequency range from 2 to 4 THz. To design a group velocity dispersion-compensated waveguide, strategies are explored for simulating chirped Distributed Bragg Reflectors (DBRs) that can serve as THz QCL metal-metal waveguides, and one-dimensional (1D) and three-dimensional (3D) modeling approaches are established and verified. A novel two-section chirped DBR is proposed, which provides substantially-improved group delay compensation over a broadband octave frequency range from 2 to 4 THz. Two THz QCL structures are grown using in-house molecular beam epitaxy and THz QCL devices equipped with a metal-metal waveguides are fabricated in the University of Waterloo Quantum-Nano-Centre clean-room fabrication lab. The experimental results demonstrate that the new THz QCL active region design can operate up to a maximum lasing temperature of 111 K, and with a broad lasing spectrum covering frequencies from 2.36 to 2.86 THz under pulse mode, at temperature of 13 K. The combined theoretical and experimental work would ultimately lead to the demonstration of improved THz QCL frequency comb operation over the broadband range from 2 to 4 THz.

High Power-efficiency Terahertz Quantum Cascade Laser*Project Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2014CB339803 and 2013CB632801), the Special-funded Program on National Key Scientific Instruments and Equipment Development, China (Grant No. 2011YQ13001802-04), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61376051).

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Total Pages : pages
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Book Synopsis High Power-efficiency Terahertz Quantum Cascade Laser*Project Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2014CB339803 and 2013CB632801), the Special-funded Program on National Key Scientific Instruments and Equipment Development, China (Grant No. 2011YQ13001802-04), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61376051). by :

Download or read book High Power-efficiency Terahertz Quantum Cascade Laser*Project Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2014CB339803 and 2013CB632801), the Special-funded Program on National Key Scientific Instruments and Equipment Development, China (Grant No. 2011YQ13001802-04), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61376051). written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Characterization and Analysis of Highly Diagonal Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 157 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (711 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterization and Analysis of Highly Diagonal Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers by : Chun Wang Ivan Chan

Download or read book Characterization and Analysis of Highly Diagonal Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers written by Chun Wang Ivan Chan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The as yet unattained milestone of room-temperature operation is essential for establishing Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers (THz QCLs) as practical sources of THz radiation. Temperature performance is hypothesized to be limited by upper laser level lifetime reduction due to non-radiative scattering, particularly by longitudinal optical phonons. To address this issue, this work studies highly "diagonal" QCLs, where the upper and lower laser level wave functions are spatially separated to preserve upper laser level lifetime, as well as several other issues relevant to high temperature performance. The highly diagonal devices of this work performed poorly, but the analysis herein nevertheless suggest that diagonality as a design strategy cannot yet be ruled out. Other causes of poor performance in the lasers are identified, and suggestions for future designs are made.

Development of Terahertz QCLs

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Terahertz QCLs by : Sushil Kumar (Ph. D.)

Download or read book Development of Terahertz QCLs written by Sushil Kumar (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The terahertz or the far-infrared frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum (...) has historically been technologically underdeveloped despite having many potential applications, primarily due to lack of suitable sources of coherent radiation. Following on the remarkable development of mid-infrared (...) quantum-cascade lasers (QCLs) in the past decade, this thesis describes the development of electrically-pumped terahertz quantum-cascade lasers in GaAs/AlsGal_. As heterostructures that span a spectral range of 1.59 - 5.0 THz (...). A quantum-cascade laser (QCL) emits photons due to electronic intersubband transitions in the quantum-wells of a semiconductor heterostructure. The operation of terahertz QCLs at frequencies below the Reststrahlen band in the semiconductor (...), is significantly more challenging as compared to that of the mid-infrared QCLs. Firstly, due to small energy separation between the laser levels various intersubband scattering mechanisms are activated, which make it difficult to selectively depopulate the lower laser level. Additionally, as electrons gain enough kinetic energy in the upper laser level thermally activated longitudinal-optical (LO) phonon scattering reduces the level lifetime and makes it difficult to sustain population inversion at higher temperatures. Secondly, waveguide design for terahertz mode confinement is also more challenging due to higher free-carrier losses in the semiconducting doped regions at the terahertz frequencies. For successful designs reported in this work, the lower radiative state depopulation is achieved by a combination of resonant-tunneling and fast LO phonon scattering, which allow robust operation even at relatively high temperatures. An equally important enabling mechanism for these lasers is the development of metal-metal waveguides, which provide low waveguides losses, and strong mode confinement due to subwavelength mode localization in the vertical dimension. With these techniques some record performances for terahertz QCLs are demonstrated including the highest pulsed operating temperature of 169 K, the highest continuous-wave (cw) operating temperature of 117 K, and the highest optical power output (248 mW in pulsed and 138 mW in cw at 5 K) for any terahertz QCL. Towards the bigger goal of realizing a 1-THz solid-state laser to ultimately bridge the gap between electronic and optical sources of electromagnetic radiation, QCLs with a unique one-well injection scheme, which minimizes intersubband absorption losses that occur at longer wavelengths, are developed. Based on this scheme a QCL operating at 1.59 THz (A - 189 ym) is realized, which is amongst the lowest frequency solid-state lasers that operate without the assistance of a magnetic field. This thesis also reports on the development of distributed-feedback lasers in metal-metal waveguides to obtain single-mode operation, with greater output power and better beam quality. The subwavelength vertical dimension in these waveguides leads to a strongly coupled DFB action and a large reflection from the end-facets, and thus conventional coupled-mode theory is not directly applicable to the DFB design. A design technique with precise control of phase of reflection at the end-facets is developed with the aid of finite-element analysis, and with some additional unique design and fabrication methods, robust DFB operation has been obtained. Single-mode surface-emitting terahertz QCLs operating up to - 150 K are demonstrated, with different grating devices spanning a range of approximately 0.35 THz around v - 3 THz using the same gain medium. A single-lobed far-field radiation pattern, higher output power due to surface-emission, and a relatively small degradation in temperature performance compared to the Fabry-Perot ridge lasers makes these DFB lasers well suited for practical applications that are being targeted by the terahertz quantum-cascade lasers.

From High Power Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers to Terahertz Light Amplifiers

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis From High Power Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers to Terahertz Light Amplifiers by : Tsung-Yu Kao

Download or read book From High Power Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers to Terahertz Light Amplifiers written by Tsung-Yu Kao and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The terahertz (THz) frequency range (300 GHz to 10 THz, wavelength 30-1000 [mu]m), despite having many potential applications, is technologically relatively underdeveloped mainly because of the lack of suitable coherent radiation sources when compared with nearby electromagnetic radiation spectrum. The invention of the THz quantum cascade laser, a electronically-pumped semiconductor heterostructure which emits photons from electronic intersubband transitions, provides the first solidstate fundamental oscillator at the frequency range from 1.2 to 5.1 THz. Due to the subwavelength confinement nature of the metal-metal waveguide used in most of the THz QC lasers, far-field beam patterns from lasers with simple Fabry-Perot waveguides are divergent and far from ideal Gaussian beams. The first part of this thesis describes the development of single-mode THz QC lasers on metal-metal waveguides. Starting with the corrugated third-order DFB laser-a clever laser structure which utilizes end-fire array effect to achieve low divergence beam patterns-several applications using densely-packed third-order DFB laser arrays, such as frequency agile sources for THz swept-source optical tomography and local oscillators for THz heterodyne receivers with precise frequency control, have been investigated. With the improved design rules and fabrication techniques, 830 GHz single-mode frequency coverage on a monolithic multicolor DFB laser array has been achieved. The origin of the deterioration in far-field beam patterns and power outputs in long third-order DFB lasers is then identified. This finding leads to a modified third-order DFB laser structure which can achieve perfect phase-matching (PM) condition, resulting in scalable power output and even lower beam divergence when compared with that of a conventional third-order DFB laser. Radiations from up to 151 laser sectors are phase-locked to form a single-lobe beam pattern with divergence ~ 6 x 11° and ~13 mW pulsed power at the end-fire direction. This approach substantially increases the usable length of a third-order DFB laser while keeping a high slope efficiency (140 mW/A). Later development applies the concept of microstrip antenna-a structure commonly used in microwave engineering-to THz photonics devices. By coupling the microstrip antenna to each grating aperture of a perfectly phase-matched DFB laser, the radiation impedance of the laser can now be tuned to enhance the overall emission efficiency. This novel genre of DFB laser achieves > 8 mW pulsed power (10% duty-cycle) at 12 K with beam divergence as low as 12.5 x 12.5' and maximum lasing temperature Tmax = 109 K (pulsed) and 77 K (c.w.) with the highest slope efficiency (~450 mW/A) and wall-plug efficiency (0.57%) of all THz DFB laser sources. The second part of the thesis then focuses on the development of the first light amplifier in THz frequency under Fabry-Perot amplifier (FPA) scheme. Although amplification at terahertz frequency in quantum cascade structures has been demonstrated under the transient state or in a integrated platform, none of them is suitable for amplifying continuous-wave free-space THz radiations. The proposed amplifier is consisted of an array of short-cavity surface-emitting second-order distributed feedback lasers arranged in a two-dimensional grid which are operated marginally beneath their lasing thresholds. A overall system power gain of ~5.6x = 7.5 dB at ~3 THz is obtained with ~1 GHz bandwidth. The free-space THz light amplifier can be used as the pre-amplifier for a THz heterodyne receiver system to reduce the receiver system noise, or be placed on the focal plane of a THz imaging system to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of the image and reduce the acquisition time. A new locking mechanism for two-dimensional phase-locked laser arrays based on antenna mutual-coupling is also proposed and then successfully demonstrated in the THz frequency using short-cavity DFB THz lasers. Up to 37 lasers are phase-locked to deliver 6.5 mW single-mode pulsed power (4% duty-cycle) at 3 THz with symmetric beam pattern ( 10 x 10°). This new coupling scheme can be extended to other electromagnetic systems with sub-wavelength confined elements such as plasmonic lasers and nanolasers. This thesis also reports the development of fabrication techniques required to bring the aforementioned novel THz cavity designs from concepts to reality which include a high aspect ratio ( 1:10) anisotropic reactive-ion etch on GaAs which is compatible with the metal-metal waveguide platform and the procedure to create airbridge structures by selectively removing the dielectric materials beneath the metal contacts.

Terahertz Difference Frequency Generation Quantum Cascade Lasers with Improved Terahertz Out-coupling Efficiency

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis Terahertz Difference Frequency Generation Quantum Cascade Lasers with Improved Terahertz Out-coupling Efficiency by : Jae Hyun Kim

Download or read book Terahertz Difference Frequency Generation Quantum Cascade Lasers with Improved Terahertz Out-coupling Efficiency written by Jae Hyun Kim and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Development of Terahertz Quantum-cascade VECSELs

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Terahertz Quantum-cascade VECSELs by : Christopher Curwen

Download or read book Development of Terahertz Quantum-cascade VECSELs written by Christopher Curwen and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terahertz (THz) quantum-cascade lasers (QCLs) are an emerging semiconductor source of compact, high-power THz radiation. Though first realized more than 15 years ago, THz QCLs continue to suffer from poor beam quality and outcoupling efficiency due to the subwavelength nature of the semiconductor ridge-waveguides typically used. In this thesis, a new technique is discussed for obtaining high power and good beam quality from THz QCLs, the THz quantum-cascade external cavity surface emitting laser (QC-VECSEL). The concept of the QC-VECSEL is to use THz QC-gain material to design a millimeter-scale reflective amplifying surface, or metasurface, for free space THz waves and incorporate it into a free-space THz resonant cavity to provide feedback to the amplification and form a laser. In this manner, the beam shape is determined by the external cavity, which supports fundamental Gaussian solutions. Further, the metasurface itself is composed of a subwavelength array (to prevent diffraction) of surface-coupled QC-elements whose properties, such as phase and polarization response, can be engineered on a unit cell basis allowing for a variety of unique experiments. The power output power of the QC-VECSEL can be scaled by either increasing the size of the metasurface, or increasing the density (or fill factor) of QC-elements across the surface. In this work, large area metasurfaces with high fill-factor have been studied and demonstrated up to 1.35 W of peak output power for a QC-VECSEL operating at 3.4 THz at a heat sink temperature of 4 K. A peak wall-plug efficiency of ~2% is demonstrated, but observation of self lasing from the metasurface at high bias (when no external cavity is provided) in combination with a simultaneous roll-off in VECSEL output power suggests even higher efficiency can be achieved with improved suppression of self-lasing modes. The output beam is well fit to a Gaussian distribution with a 4 degree full-width half-maximum divergence angle. In addition to power and beam quality, the QC-VECSEL opens the door to many interesting and unique studies via engineering of the metasurface properties and external cavity. Much of this thesis describes frequency tuning of QC-VECSELs based on broadband metasurfaces by varying the length of the external cavity. By making the external cavity extremely short (comparable to the operating wavelength), we are able to push all other external cavity modes outside of the gain bandwidth of the metasurface and demonstrate more than 20% fractional single-mode tuning around a center operating frequency of 3.5 THz. Because there are almost no diffraction losses at such a short cavity, the size of the metasurface could be reduced, allowing for continuous wave lasing with up to 20 milliwatts of output power at a heatsink temperature of 77 K, though the output power is highly variable as the reflectance of the output coupler has a strong frequency dependence. At the time of writing this, these are record performances in both frequency tuning and high-temperature continuous wave operation for lasers based on THz QC-gain material. The amount of tuning that be achieved with this approach is limited by the phase response of the metasurface, which squeezes the external cavity modes closer together in the spectral domain. Development of metasurfaces with lower electrical power consumption and higher conversion efficiency for the purpose of improving continuous wave performance. A sparse, patch-based metasurface with reduced power consumption is demonstrated, though the design was not optimal and only showed a 20% reduction in current draw compared to the previously demonstrated metasurfaces. Routes towards improving the performance are discussed. The last subject discussed is the design of a mid-infrared (IR) QC-VECSEL. Due to the large metal losses at mid-IR frequencies compared to THz, the technique used to develop THz QC-VECSELs cannot be directly extended to the mid-IR. We propose a scheme based on a diffraction grating to provide surface coupling of the QC-gain material. Progress on experimental realization is discussed, but lasing has not yet been observed.

Fundamentals of Terahertz Devices and Applications

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119460735
Total Pages : 576 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Terahertz Devices and Applications by : Dimitris Pavlidis

Download or read book Fundamentals of Terahertz Devices and Applications written by Dimitris Pavlidis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-07-19 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative and comprehensive guide to the devices and applications of Terahertz technology Terahertz (THz) technology relates to applications that span in frequency from a few hundred GHz to more than 1000 GHz. Fundamentals of Terahertz Devices and Applications offers a comprehensive review of the devices and applications of Terahertz technology. With contributions from a range of experts on the topic, this book contains in a single volume an inclusive review of THz devices for signal generation, detection and treatment. Fundamentals of Terahertz Devices and Applications offers an exploration and addresses key categories and aspects of Terahertz Technology such as: sources, detectors, transmission, electronic considerations and applications, optical (photonic) considerations and applications. Worked examples—based on the contributors' extensive experience— highlight the chapter material presented. The text is designed for use by novices and professionals who want a better understanding of device operation and use, and is suitable for instructional purposes This important book: Offers the most relevant up-to-date research information and insight into the future developments in the technology Addresses a wide-range of categories and aspects of Terahertz technology Includes material to support courses on Terahertz Technology and more Contains illustrative worked examples Written for researchers, students, and professional engineers, Fundamentals of Terahertz Devices and Applications offers an in-depth exploration of the topic that is designed for both novices and professionals and can be adopted for instructional purposes.

Fundamentals of Terahertz Devices and Applications

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119460719
Total Pages : 580 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Terahertz Devices and Applications by : Dimitris Pavlidis

Download or read book Fundamentals of Terahertz Devices and Applications written by Dimitris Pavlidis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-08-02 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative and comprehensive guide to the devices and applications of Terahertz technology Terahertz (THz) technology relates to applications that span in frequency from a few hundred GHz to more than 1000 GHz. Fundamentals of Terahertz Devices and Applications offers a comprehensive review of the devices and applications of Terahertz technology. With contributions from a range of experts on the topic, this book contains in a single volume an inclusive review of THz devices for signal generation, detection and treatment. Fundamentals of Terahertz Devices and Applications offers an exploration and addresses key categories and aspects of Terahertz Technology such as: sources, detectors, transmission, electronic considerations and applications, optical (photonic) considerations and applications. Worked examplesbased on the contributors extensive experience highlight the chapter material presented. The text is designed for use by novices and professionals who want a better understanding of device operation and use, and is suitable for instructional purposes This important book: Offers the most relevant up-to-date research information and insight into the future developments in the technology Addresses a wide-range of categories and aspects of Terahertz technology Includes material to support courses on Terahertz Technology and more Contains illustrative worked examples Written for researchers, students, and professional engineers, Fundamentals of Terahertz Devices and Applications offers an in-depth exploration of the topic that is designed for both novices and professionals and can be adopted for instructional purposes.

THz Quantum Cascade Laser - Astrophysical Applications and High Temperature Performance

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Book Rating : 4.:/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis THz Quantum Cascade Laser - Astrophysical Applications and High Temperature Performance by : Lorenzo Bosco

Download or read book THz Quantum Cascade Laser - Astrophysical Applications and High Temperature Performance written by Lorenzo Bosco and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Power Amplification and Coherent Combination Techniques for Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers

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Book Synopsis Power Amplification and Coherent Combination Techniques for Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers by : Yan Xie

Download or read book Power Amplification and Coherent Combination Techniques for Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers written by Yan Xie and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Power amplification and coherent combination are important ways to improve the output power and beam quality of single-mode terahertz quantum cascade lasers (THz QCLs). Up to date, the tapered waveguide is the most convenient way to amplify the power of THz QCLs. The self-focusing effect in tapered THz QCLs induces non-monotonic behaviours of the peak power and far-field beam divergence, which lead to the existence of optimal structural parameters. The surface and lateral grating techniques have also been employed in tapered THz QCLs to further improve the spectral purity. For coherent combinations, the progress of facet-emitting phase-locked arrays of THz QCLs is still limited due to both the lack of the understanding of dynamics of coupled QCLs and the difficulties in designing high-performance coupled waveguides. We will briefly review the developments of coherent arrays of THz QCLs and present a design of monolithic QCL arrays with common coupled cavity to achieve the optical mutual injection, which may provide a new way for coherent combination of THz QCLs.