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High Power Hall Thrusters
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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion by : Dan M. Goebel
Download or read book Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion written by Dan M. Goebel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-12-22 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout most of the twentieth century, electric propulsion was considered the technology of the future. Now, the future has arrived. This important new book explains the fundamentals of electric propulsion for spacecraft and describes in detail the physics and characteristics of the two major electric thrusters in use today, ion and Hall thrusters. The authors provide an introduction to plasma physics in order to allow readers to understand the models and derivations used in determining electric thruster performance. They then go on to present detailed explanations of: Thruster principles Ion thruster plasma generators and accelerator grids Hollow cathodes Hall thrusters Ion and Hall thruster plumes Flight ion and Hall thrusters Based largely on research and development performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and complemented with scores of tables, figures, homework problems, and references, Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters is an indispensable textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students who are preparing to enter the aerospace industry. It also serves as an equally valuable resource for professional engineers already at work in the field.
Book Synopsis High Power Hall Thrusters by : Robert Jankovsky
Download or read book High Power Hall Thrusters written by Robert Jankovsky and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Performance Evaluation of the SPT-140 by :
Download or read book Performance Evaluation of the SPT-140 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Clustering of Hall Effect Thrusters for High-power Electric Propulsion Applications by : Brian Eric Beal
Download or read book Clustering of Hall Effect Thrusters for High-power Electric Propulsion Applications written by Brian Eric Beal and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis NASA's Hall Thruster Program by : Robert S. Jankovsky
Download or read book NASA's Hall Thruster Program written by Robert S. Jankovsky and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book חומת מגן written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Performance Test Results of the Nasa-457m V2 Hall Thruster by : George C. Soulas
Download or read book Performance Test Results of the Nasa-457m V2 Hall Thruster written by George C. Soulas and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Performance testing of a second generation, 50 kW-class Hall thruster labeled NASA-457M v2 was conducted at the NASA Glenn Research Center. This NASA-designed thruster is an excellent candidate for a solar electric propulsion system that supports human exploration missions. Thruster discharge power was varied from 5 to 50 kW over discharge voltage and current ranges of 200 to 500 V and 15 to 100 A, respectively. Anode efficiencies varied from 0.56 to 0.71. The peak efficiency was similar to that of other state-of-the-art high power Hall thrusters, but outperformed these thrusters at lower discharge voltages. The 0.05 to 0.18 higher anode efficiencies of this thruster compared to its predecessor were primarily due to which of two stable discharge modes the thruster was operated. One stable mode was at low magnetic field strengths, which produced high anode efficiencies, and the other at high magnetic fields where its predecessor was operated. Cathode keeper voltages were always within 2.1 to 6.2 V and cathode voltages were within 13 V of tank ground during high anode efficiency operation. However, during operation at high magnetic fields, cathode-to-ground voltage magnitudes increased dramatically, exceeding 30 V, due to the high axial magnetic field strengths in the immediate vicinity of the centrally-mounted cathode. The peak thrust was 2.3 N and this occurred at a total thruster input power of 50.0 kW at a 500 V discharge voltage. The thruster demonstrated a thrust-to-power range of 76.4 mN/kW at low power to 46.1 mN/kW at full power, and a specific impulse range of 1420 to 2740 s. For a discharge voltage of 300 V, where specific impulses would be about 2000 s, thrust efficiencies varied from 0.57 to 0.63.
Book Synopsis High Power Hall Thrusters by : Robert S. Jankovsky
Download or read book High Power Hall Thrusters written by Robert S. Jankovsky and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781721783267 Total Pages :30 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (832 download)
Book Synopsis Multi-Kilowatt Power Module for High-Power Hall Thrusters by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Multi-Kilowatt Power Module for High-Power Hall Thrusters written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-24 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Future NASA missions will require high-performance electric propulsion systems. Hall thrusters are being developed at NASA Glenn for high-power, high-specific impulse operation. These thrusters operate at power levels up to 50 kW of power and discharge voltages in excess of 600 V. A parallel effort is being conducted to develop power electronics for these thrusters that push the technology beyond the 5kW state-of-the-art power level. A 10 kW power module was designed to produce an output of 500 V and 20 A from a nominal 100 V input. Resistive load tests revealed efficiencies in excess of 96 percent. Load current share and phase synchronization circuits were designed and tested that will allow connecting multiple modules in parallel to process higher power. Pinero, Luis R. and Bowers, Glen E. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2005-213348, AIAA Paper 2004-3973, E-14816
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781721531929 Total Pages :30 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis Ion Engine and Hall Thruster Development at the NASA Glenn Research Center by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Ion Engine and Hall Thruster Development at the NASA Glenn Research Center written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-20 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NASA's Glenn Research Center has been selected to lead development of NASA's Evolutionary Xenon Thruster (NEXT) system. The central feature of the NEXT system is an electric propulsion thruster (EPT) that inherits the knowledge gained through the NSTAR thruster that successfully propelled Deep Space 1 to asteroid Braille and comet Borrelly, while significantly increasing the thruster power level and making improvements in performance parameters associated with NSTAR. The EPT concept under development has a 40 cm beam diameter, twice the effective area of the Deep-Space 1 thruster, while maintaining a relatively-small volume. It incorporates mechanical features and operating conditions to maximize the design heritage established by the flight NSTAR 30 cm engine, while incorporating new technology where warranted to extend the power and throughput capability. The NASA Hall thruster program currently supports a number of tasks related to high power thruster development for a number of customers including the Energetics Program (formerly called the Space-based Program), the Space Solar Power Program, and the In-space Propulsion Program. In program year 2002, two tasks were central to the NASA Hall thruster program: 1.) the development of a laboratory Hall thruster capable of providing high thrust at high power; 2.) investigations into operation of Hall thrusters at high specific impulse. In addition to these two primary thruster development activities, there are a number of other on-going activities supported by the NASA Hall thruster program, These additional activities are related to issues such as thruster lifetime and spacecraft integration. Domonkos, Matthew T. and Patterson, Michael J. and Jankovsky, Robert S. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2002-211969, NAS 1.15:211969, E-13612, IMECE-2002-34444
Book Synopsis Ion Propulsion for Space Flight by : Ernst Stuhlinger
Download or read book Ion Propulsion for Space Flight written by Ernst Stuhlinger and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Comprehensive Investigation of Facility Effects on the Testing of High-Power Monolithic and Clustered Hall Thruster Systems by :
Download or read book A Comprehensive Investigation of Facility Effects on the Testing of High-Power Monolithic and Clustered Hall Thruster Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The USAF has identified high-power Electric Propulsion (EP) as an enabling technology for orbital transfer vehicles and re-supply ships. While the path for developing high-power EP systems is somewhat certain given NASA's recent success with its 70+ kW NASA-457M Hall thruster, it is clear that testing 50-kW-class thrusters in current test facilities is of concern given the high facility pressures. In response to this issue, the USAF has embarked on the concept of clustering the use of multiple Hall thrusters in a propulsion array-to allow a single thruster to be ground-tested on behalf of the entire cluster. While clustering is a logical approach to high-power EP, there is no fundamental understanding of how clustered thrusters operate or how one can use single-engine ground-based data to predict the performance, life, or interaction among engines, and the potential spacecraft integration issues associated with clustering. Our program addresses these issues by characterizing the influence of tank pressure on performance and plume characteristics for monolithic and clustered thrusters. We report on our second year studies on clustering, about how chamber pressure influences ion current density distribution, and summarize findings from cold- and hot-flow pressure map data of our vacuum chamber for a number of Hall thruster mass flow rates.
Book Synopsis "High-Power Hall Devices: Status and Current Challenges." by :
Download or read book "High-Power Hall Devices: Status and Current Challenges." written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consideration of the high power electric propulsion (EP) orbit transfer vehicles, interplanetary robotic and manned missions from one side and successful application of Hall thrusters onboard of numerous GEO satellites (Russian EXPRESS and YAMAL series), European scientific mission SMART-I on the other side stimulate interest to high power Hall devices, suitable for the future applications. Current experience for the Hall flight thrusters is limited by 1-kW-class of propulsion systems. At the same time engineering thrusters have demonstrated power level about 25 kW (Fakel Design Bureau, Russia) and almost 100 kW (NASA GRC) with using xenon as a propellant, 150 kW for bismuth thruster (TSNIIMASH, Russia). It is necessary to underline, that principal limits have not been identified for the further increasing of the thruster size and power. This makes the Hall devices at least very competitive for high power application as compared with other types of electric thrusters: MPD and ION thrusters. For high power EP systems two typical operation modes may be considered, namely "high specific impulse (Isp)" and high thrust" modes. Correspondingly challenges to develop Hall EP system are different for each one. For high thrust" mode the development issues associate with increasing of propellant flow and thruster size. Discharge voltage to get "high thrust" regime with best power-to-thrust ratio should be 150.300 V, and it is inside of well studied operation range of Hall thrusters. For "high Isp" mode required discharge voltage in several times than one for flight qualified Hall EP systems, while mass flow does not essentially exceed already achieved level.
Download or read book Propulsion written by Kazuo Matsuuchi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-12-15 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost all animals move around frequently in space. Their aim is to walk and fly in search of food or to propagate their species. Thus, changing positions is important for creatures’ survival and maintaining the environment. As such, this book examines movement with a focus on force and propulsion. Chapters cover topics including rocket engines, electric propulsion, mechanisms of force, and more.
Book Synopsis Physics of Electric Propulsion by : Robert G. Jahn
Download or read book Physics of Electric Propulsion written by Robert G. Jahn and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2006-05-26 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Literaturangaben. - Originally published: New York, NY : McGraw-Hill, 1968
Book Synopsis Low-Power Magnetically Shielded Hall Thrusters by : Ryan Conversano
Download or read book Low-Power Magnetically Shielded Hall Thrusters written by Ryan Conversano and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation presents an investigation of the applicability of magnetic shielding to low-power Hall thrusters as a means to significantly improve operational lifetime. The key life-limiting factors of conventional Hall thrusters, including ion-bombardment sputter erosion of the discharge channel and high-energy electron power deposition to the channel walls, have been investigated extensively for a wide range of thruster scales. As thruster power is reduced to the "miniature" (i.e. sub-500 W) power regime, the increased surface-to-volume ratio of the discharge channel and decreased thruster component sizes promotes increased plasma-wall interactions and susceptibility to overheating, thereby reducing thruster operational lifetime and performance. Although methods for compensating for these issues have been investigated, unshielded miniature Hall thrusters are generally limited to sub-45% anode efficiencies and maximum lifetimes on the order of 1,000 h. A magnetically shielded magnetic field topology aims to maintain a low electron temperature along the channel surfaces and a plasma potential near that of the discharge voltage along the entire surface of the discharge channel along its axial length. These features result in a reduction of the kinetic energy of ions that impact the channel surfaces to near to or below the sputtering threshold, thus preventing significant ion-bombardment erosion of the discharge channel. Improved confinement of high-energy electrons is another byproduct of the field structure, aiding in the reduction of electron power deposition to the channel. Magnetic shielding has been shown to dramatically reduce plasma-wall interactions on 4 - 6 kW Hall thrusters, resulting in significant increases in projected operational lifetimes with minimal effects to thruster performance. In an effort to explore the scalability of magnetic shielding to low-power devices, two magnetically shielded miniature Hall thrusters were designed, fabricated and tested. The performance of the first thruster, called the MaSMi 40, was characterized at an operating condition of 275 V and 325 W. A peak thrust of approximately 13 mN with a specific impulse of approximately 1,100 s at an anode efficiency of approximately 22% were measured at the nominal operating point. Observations of the near exit plasma discharge during operation, and the discharge channel after operation, suggested that the outer channel wall of the thruster was well shielded from ion bombardment while the inner channel wall appeared to be weakly shielded. Further analysis concluded that the MaSMi-40 generated a partially-magnetically shielded field topology. However, the shortcomings of the MaSMi-40's magnetic circuit design were investigated in detail and are now well understood. The second design iteration in the development of a low-power magnetically shielded Hall thruster was the MaSMi-60. Magnetic field measurements confirmed that a symmetric and fully shielded magnetic field topology was generated by this device across a wide range of possible operating conditions. At operating powers of 160 W to nearly 750 W, the key performance metrics of the MaSMi-60 included a measured thrust ranging from approximately 8 mN to over 33 mN with anode specific impulses of up to approximately 1370 s at anode efficiencies of over 28%. Downstream plume measurements identified the primary factors contributing to the low anode efficiency. Visual observations of the discharge plasma and channel walls during and after thruster operation offered strong evidence of magnetic shielding. Erosion rates of the channel were approximated using carbon backsputter measurements; the results suggested a 10x - 100x decrease in wall erosion compared to unshielded Hall thrusters, corresponding to an equal increase in discharge channel lifetime compared to conventional miniature unshielded Hall thrusters. The physics and behaviors of the MaSMi-60's plasma discharge upstream of and in the near-field of the thruster exit plane were investigated using Hall2De, the 2-D axisymmetric code developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for the simulation of the partially ionized plasma in Hall thrusters. Simulations of the MaSMi-60 suggested that the thruster achieved the plasma properties required for effective magnetic shielding, including low electron temperatures and a near-constant plasma potential along the channel walls. This was the final piece of evidence suggesting that magnetic shielding was attained at the miniature scale. The experimentally measured performance of the MaSMi-60 was captured by the Hall2De model, offering physical explanations for the low measured anode efficiency and leading to suggestions for improving the performance in future design iterations.
Book Synopsis High-performance Low Power Hall Thruster by : M. B. Belikov
Download or read book High-performance Low Power Hall Thruster written by M. B. Belikov and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
