Hans Vaihingers Fictionalism As A Foundation For Scientific Truth In A Post Truth Era

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Hans Vaihinger's Fictionalism as a Foundation for Scientific Truth in a Post-Truth Era

Author : Vladislav Shenker
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3346545776
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (465 download)

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Book Synopsis Hans Vaihinger's Fictionalism as a Foundation for Scientific Truth in a Post-Truth Era by : Vladislav Shenker

Download or read book Hans Vaihinger's Fictionalism as a Foundation for Scientific Truth in a Post-Truth Era written by Vladislav Shenker and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2021-11-26 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Philosophy - Theoretical (Realisation, Science, Logic, Language), grade: 1.0, Saint-Petersburg State University (Institute of Philosophy), course: Seminar "Problems in Contemporary STS Studies", language: English, abstract: We need a strong meaning of truth in order to guide our actions as individuals and as a society. While lots of people tell us that we have to stop burning fossil fuels today in order to mitigate the effects of global warming, others tell us that global warming is nonsense. So how should we act, and who should we listen to, if we know that nobody can tell what the "real" truth is? It almost seems like truth is something that we desperately need but can not have. I begin my search for answers by looking at two of the most fundamental theories of truth: the Correspondence Theory of Truth and the Coherence Theory of Truth. Those two can be considered "basic" or classical answers to the question of truth, while several others, like Tarski‘s Theory of Truth, Realism and Antirealism, Deflationism, and others either try to cope with the problems that arise in the context of those classical conceptions or state completely new ones. Since I am ultimately interested in the notion of scientific truth, the second chapter is dedicated to the discussion of two modern theoretical approaches to the problem of truth, Steve Fuller's critical "Post-Truth" approach and the positive "Veritist" approach represented by Baker and Oreskes, that aim to explain how scientific truth differs from everyday truth and how scientists establish consensus among each other. 3As both approaches substantially differ in their interpretation of the problem, I discuss Hans Vaihinger's Fictionalist Theory of Truth in an effort to "sublate" ("aufheben" in Hegels words) both approaches in a synthesis afterwards. Finally, I use the newly gained knowledge and apply it to the example of man- made global warming. My proposal is that it could be beneficial, if we would stop trying to establish global warming as a scientific fact and start seeing it as a socially constructed fiction, that can positively guide our actions.

Post-Truth, Fake News

Author : Michael A. Peters
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811080135
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-Truth, Fake News by : Michael A. Peters

Download or read book Post-Truth, Fake News written by Michael A. Peters and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-17 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection brings together international authors to discuss the meaning and purpose of higher education in a “post-truth” world. The editors and authors argue that notions such as “fact” and “evidence” in a post-truth era must be understood not only politically, but also socially and epistemically. The essays philosophically examine the post-truth environment and its impact on education with respect to our most basic ideas of what universities, research and education are or should be. The book brings together authors working in Australia, China, Croatia, Romania, Canada, New Zealand, Portugal, Sweden, UK and USA.

The Philosophy of 'as If'

Author : Hans Vaihinger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Philosophy of 'as If' by : Hans Vaihinger

Download or read book The Philosophy of 'as If' written by Hans Vaihinger and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Applied Ontology

Author : Katherine Munn
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110324865
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Applied Ontology by : Katherine Munn

Download or read book Applied Ontology written by Katherine Munn and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ontology is the philosophical discipline which aims to understand how things in the world are divided into categories and how these categories are related together. This is exactly what information scientists aim for in creating structured, automated representations, called ‘ontologies,’ for managing information in fields such as science, government, industry, and healthcare. Currently, these systems are designed in a variety of different ways, so they cannot share data with one another. They are often idiosyncratically structured, accessible only to those who created them, and unable to serve as inputs for automated reasoning. This volume shows, in a non-technical way and using examples from medicine and biology, how the rigorous application of theories and insights from philosophical ontology can improve the ontologies upon which information management depends.

A Philosophy of the Possible

Author : Mikhail Epstein
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004398341
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis A Philosophy of the Possible by : Mikhail Epstein

Download or read book A Philosophy of the Possible written by Mikhail Epstein and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-06-07 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Mikhail Epstein offers a systematic theory of modalities (possible, actual, necessary) and their impact on the philosophy and culture of modernity and postmodernity, focusing on the creative potentials of possibilistic thinking for the humanities.

A Comparative Analysis of the Post-war Era of Managed Markets and the 'embedded Liberalism' with the Subsequent Era of Neoliberalism Since the 1970s

Download A Comparative Analysis of the Post-war Era of Managed Markets and the 'embedded Liberalism' with the Subsequent Era of Neoliberalism Since the 1970s PDF Online Free

Author : Nathaniel Stevenson Odusola
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783346242839
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (428 download)

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Book Synopsis A Comparative Analysis of the Post-war Era of Managed Markets and the 'embedded Liberalism' with the Subsequent Era of Neoliberalism Since the 1970s by : Nathaniel Stevenson Odusola

Download or read book A Comparative Analysis of the Post-war Era of Managed Markets and the 'embedded Liberalism' with the Subsequent Era of Neoliberalism Since the 1970s written by Nathaniel Stevenson Odusola and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Speculative Everything

Author : Anthony Dunne
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262019841
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Speculative Everything by : Anthony Dunne

Download or read book Speculative Everything written by Anthony Dunne and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2013-12-06 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How to use design as a tool to create not only things but ideas, to speculate about possible futures. Today designers often focus on making technology easy to use, sexy, and consumable. In Speculative Everything, Anthony Dunne and Fiona Raby propose a kind of design that is used as a tool to create not only things but ideas. For them, design is a means of speculating about how things could be—to imagine possible futures. This is not the usual sort of predicting or forecasting, spotting trends and extrapolating; these kinds of predictions have been proven wrong, again and again. Instead, Dunne and Raby pose “what if” questions that are intended to open debate and discussion about the kind of future people want (and do not want). Speculative Everything offers a tour through an emerging cultural landscape of design ideas, ideals, and approaches. Dunne and Raby cite examples from their own design and teaching and from other projects from fine art, design, architecture, cinema, and photography. They also draw on futurology, political theory, the philosophy of technology, and literary fiction. They show us, for example, ideas for a solar kitchen restaurant; a flypaper robotic clock; a menstruation machine; a cloud-seeding truck; a phantom-limb sensation recorder; and devices for food foraging that use the tools of synthetic biology. Dunne and Raby contend that if we speculate more—about everything—reality will become more malleable. The ideas freed by speculative design increase the odds of achieving desirable futures.

Philosophy of Science A-Z

Author : Stathis Psillos
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 0748629149
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (486 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy of Science A-Z by : Stathis Psillos

Download or read book Philosophy of Science A-Z written by Stathis Psillos and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2007-03-23 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophy of science has always been an integral part of philosophy, and since the beginning of the 20h century it has developed its own structure and its fair share of technical vocabulary and problems. Philosophy of Science A-Z gives you concise, accurate and illuminating accounts of key positions, concepts, arguments and figures in the philosophy of science. It helps you to understand the current debates, explains their historical development and connects them with broader philosophical issues. It presupposes little prior knowledge of philosophy of science and is equally useful to students coming to the subject for the first time and for more advanced scholars who need to look up particular terms or figures. You will find illuminating explanations, careful analysis, relevant examples, open problems and precise arguments. Philosophy of science is a flourishing discipline and Philosophy of Science A-Z is a practical and imaginative way into and through it.

Philosophy of Mathematics

Author : Stewart Shapiro
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190282525
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy of Mathematics by : Stewart Shapiro

Download or read book Philosophy of Mathematics written by Stewart Shapiro and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1997-08-07 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do numbers, sets, and so forth, exist? What do mathematical statements mean? Are they literally true or false, or do they lack truth values altogether? Addressing questions that have attracted lively debate in recent years, Stewart Shapiro contends that standard realist and antirealist accounts of mathematics are both problematic. As Benacerraf first noted, we are confronted with the following powerful dilemma. The desired continuity between mathematical and, say, scientific language suggests realism, but realism in this context suggests seemingly intractable epistemic problems. As a way out of this dilemma, Shapiro articulates a structuralist approach. On this view, the subject matter of arithmetic, for example, is not a fixed domain of numbers independent of each other, but rather is the natural number structure, the pattern common to any system of objects that has an initial object and successor relation satisfying the induction principle. Using this framework, realism in mathematics can be preserved without troublesome epistemic consequences. Shapiro concludes by showing how a structuralist approach can be applied to wider philosophical questions such as the nature of an "object" and the Quinean nature of ontological commitment. Clear, compelling, and tautly argued, Shapiro's work, noteworthy both in its attempt to develop a full-length structuralist approach to mathematics and to trace its emergence in the history of mathematics, will be of deep interest to both philosophers and mathematicians.

Scientific Realism

Author : Jarrett Leplin
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520337441
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific Realism by : Jarrett Leplin

Download or read book Scientific Realism written by Jarrett Leplin and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2023-04-28 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1984.

The World in Your Head

Author : Steven M. Lehar
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135636591
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis The World in Your Head by : Steven M. Lehar

Download or read book The World in Your Head written by Steven M. Lehar and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2003-01-30 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World In Your Head: A Gestalt View of the Mechanism of Conscious Experience represents a bold assault on one of the greatest unsolved mysteries in science: the nature of consciousness and the human mind. Rather than examining the brain and nervous system to see what they tell us about the mind, this book begins with an examination of conscious experience to see what it can tell us about the brain. Through this analysis, the first and most obvious observation is that consciousness appears as a volumetric spatial void, containing colored objects and surfaces. This reveals that the representation in the brain takes the form of an explicit volumetric spatial model of external reality. Therefore, the world we see around us is not the real world itself, but merely a miniature virtual-reality replica of that world in an internal representation. In fact, the phenomena of dreams and hallucinations clearly demonstrate the capacity of the brain to construct complete virtual worlds even in the absence of sensory input. Perception is somewhat like a guided hallucination, based on sensory stimulation. This insight allows us to examine the world of visual experience not as scientists exploring the external world, but as perceptual scientists examining a rich and complex internal representation. This unique approach to investigating mental function has implications in a wide variety of related fields, including the nature of language and abstract thought, and motor control and behavior. It also has implications to the world of music, art, and dance, showing how the patterns of regularity and periodicity in space and time--apparent in those aesthetic domains--reflect the periodic basis set of the underlying harmonic resonance representation in the brain.

Fictional Discourse and the Law

Author : Hans J. Lind
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429887612
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Fictional Discourse and the Law by : Hans J. Lind

Download or read book Fictional Discourse and the Law written by Hans J. Lind and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-04-14 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on insights from literary theory and analytical philosophy, this book analyzes the intersection of law and literature from the distinct and unique perspective of fictional discourse. Pursuing an empirical approach, and using examples that range from Victorian literature to the current judicial treatment of rap music, the volume challenges the prevailing fact–fiction dichotomy in legal theory and practice by providing a better understanding of the peculiarities of legal fictionality, while also contributing further material to fictional theory’s endeavor to find a transdisciplinary valid criterion for a definition of fictional discourse. Following the basic presumptions of the early law-as-literature movement, past approaches have mainly focused on textuality and narrativity as the common denominators of law and literature, and have largely ignored the topic of fictionality. This volume provides a much needed analysis of this gap. The book will be of interest to scholars of legal theory, jurisprudence and legal writing, along with literature scholars and students of literature and the humanities.

The Spirit of Catholicism

Author : Dr. Karl Adam
Publisher : Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1787204944
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis The Spirit of Catholicism by : Dr. Karl Adam

Download or read book The Spirit of Catholicism written by Dr. Karl Adam and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-28 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the 1929 English translation of the original German text first published in 1924 and authored by one of the world’s most distinguished Christian philosophers, Dr. Karl Adam. This book is a brilliant and evocative study of the fundamental concepts of the Catholic Faith, from its tenets, its historical development and the role of the Church in world society. For many on the outside, Catholicism, according to Dr. Adam, represents a daunting and somewhat foreign confused mass of conflicting forces that has somehow survived the tests of time. Catholicism is simultaneously new yet quite old; holy yet corrupt; hierarchical yet personal; dogmatic yet utilitarian, and so on. How can someone outside the Church get a good grasp on the essence of Catholicism when it is so vast and seemingly complex? Those attempting to grasp the very heart and spirit of Catholicism should read Karl Adam’s book, which is a most elegant and concise exploration of the faith and an attempt to address these ambiguities. What are the fundamental attributes of the Catholic Church? What is the source from which it has drawn vigor and life through its two thousand years of life on earth? What are the secret sources of its incredible vitality in the world today? The author answers these and many other questions about the nature and structure of the Church. He examines the essential nature of the Catholic Church from the basic premise that it was expressly founded by Christ, traces its historical development and analyzes its actual functioning through the ages.

Idealism and Freedom

Author : Henry E. Allison
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521482950
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (829 download)

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Book Synopsis Idealism and Freedom by : Henry E. Allison

Download or read book Idealism and Freedom written by Henry E. Allison and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-01-26 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Henry Allison is one of the foremost interpreters of the philosophy of Kant. This new volume collects all his recent essays on Kant's theoretical and practical philosophy. Special features of the collection are: a detailed defense of the author's interpretation of transcendental idealism; a consideration of the Transcendental Deduction and some other recent interpretations thereof; further elaborations of the tensions between various aspects of Kant's conception of freedom and of the complex role of this conception within Kant's moral philosophy.

Nietzsche's Philosophy of Science

Author : Babette E. Babich
Publisher : SUNY Press
ISBN 13 : 9780791418659
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (186 download)

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Book Synopsis Nietzsche's Philosophy of Science by : Babette E. Babich

Download or read book Nietzsche's Philosophy of Science written by Babette E. Babich and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Proxies

Author : Dylan Mulvin
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262361949
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Proxies by : Dylan Mulvin

Download or read book Proxies written by Dylan Mulvin and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2021-08-17 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How those with the power to design technology, in the very moment of design, are allowed to imagine who is included--and who is excluded--in the future. Our world is built on an array of standards we are compelled to share. In Proxies, Dylan Mulvin examines how we arrive at those standards, asking, "To whom and to what do we delegate the power to stand in for the world?" Mulvin shows how those with the power to design technology, in the very moment of design, are allowed to imagine who is included--and who is excluded--in the future. For designers of technology, some bits of the world end up standing in for other bits, standards with which they build and calibrate. These "proxies" carry specific values, even as they disappear from view. Mulvin explores the ways technologies, standards, and infrastructures inescapably reflect the cultural milieus of their bureaucratic homes. Drawing on archival research, he investigates some of the basic building-blocks of our shared infrastructures. He tells the history of technology through the labor and communal practices of, among others, the people who clean kilograms to make the metric system run, the women who pose as test images, and the actors who embody disease and disability for medical students. Each case maps the ways standards and infrastructure rely on prototypical ideas of whiteness, able-bodiedness, and purity to control and contain the messiness of reality. Standards and infrastructures, Mulvin argues, shape and distort the possibilities of representation, the meaning of difference, and the levers of change and social justice.

Legal Fictions in Theory and Practice

Author : Maksymilian Del Mar
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319092324
Total Pages : 413 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Legal Fictions in Theory and Practice by : Maksymilian Del Mar

Download or read book Legal Fictions in Theory and Practice written by Maksymilian Del Mar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-11 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This multi-disciplinary, multi-jurisdictional collection offers the first ever full-scale analysis of legal fictions. Its focus is on fictions in legal practice, examining and evaluating their roles in a variety of different areas of practice (e.g. in Tort Law, Criminal Law and Intellectual Property Law) and in different times and places (e.g. in Roman Law, Rabbinic Law and the Common Law). The collection approaches the topic in part through the discussion of certain key classical statements by theorists including Jeremy Bentham, Alf Ross, Hans Vaihinger, Hans Kelsen and Lon Fuller. The collection opens with the first-ever translation into English of Kelsen’s review of Vaihinger’s As If. The 17 chapters are divided into four parts: 1) a discussion of the principal theories of fictions, as above, with a focus on Kelsen, Bentham, Fuller and classical pragmatism; 2) a discussion of the relationship between fictions and language; 3) a theoretical and historical examination and evaluation of fictions in the common law; and 4) an account of fictions in different practice areas and in different legal cultures. The collection will be of interest to theorists and historians of legal reasoning, as well as scholars and practitioners of the law more generally, in both common and civil law traditions.