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Download or read book Habitat Comparisons of Macroinvertebrate Community Structures in Headwater Streams of the Northern Jarrah Forest written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Emily R. Arsenault
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (897 download)
Download or read book Macroinvertebrate Community Structure and Feeding Dynamics in Three Forested Headwater Streams in Central Maine written by Emily R. Arsenault and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Headwater streams have some of the best quality water in the country (Dissmeyer 2000). Because headwaters eventually flow into other downstream water bodies like rivers and lakes, they are important places to focus research and conservation efforts. All streams in this study had good water quality based on several assessments of macroinvertebrate communities. 1. Judging from metrics of abundance, richness, EPT, and HBI, all study streams had very good water quality. Thirty-nine total families were observed among the three streams. Whittier Stream was the least healthy of the three, most likely as a result of human disturbances such as a road crossing, fishpond, and mill remnants. It is probable these habitat alterations are having an effect on downstream benthic communities. 2. The riparian zone of each stream was forested and stable, but there were some eroding banks at some points along the study reaches. The abundance of sensitive macroinvertebrates (measured using representative Orders Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera) increased with increasing percent canopy cover and decreased with high percentages of sand characterizing the streambed. 3. Macroinvertebrates can be categorized into functional feeding groups based on feeding behavior. Shredders should hypothetically be in high abundance in headwater streams due to high riparian organic matter inputs. However, observed shredders were limited. This may be due to seasonal changes in functional feeding group ratios. In addition, all study streams had a predator/prey ratio that was higher than the ratio expected for a typical stream, which suggests that there might be an abundance of prey biomass in the study stream headwaters. 4. Based on results from stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen, most macroinvertebrates within the study streams seem to be omnivorous. The most complex food web was observed at Stony Brook. Food webs of Beaver Brook and Stony Brook showed similar trophic clustering, a pattern that might be indicative of streams with excellent water quality.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 952 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 952 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : James J. Willacker (Jr.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (276 download)
Download or read book A Comparison of the Macroinvertebrate Communities in Two Headwater Streams in Advance of an Invasive Forest Pest written by James J. Willacker (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David Dudgeon
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080557171
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Tropical Stream Ecology written by David Dudgeon and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-05-04 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropical Stream Ecology describes the main features of tropical streams and their ecology. It covers the major physico-chemical features, important processes such as primary production and organic-matter transformation, as well as the main groups of consumers: invertebrates, fishes and other vertebrates. Information on concepts and paradigms developed in north-temperate latitudes and how they do not match the reality of ecosystems further south is expertly addressed. The pressing matter of conservation of tropical streams and their biodiversity is included in almost every chapter, with a final chapter providing a synthesis on conservation issues. For the first time, Tropical Stream Ecology places an important emphasis on viewing research carried out in contributions from international literature. First synthetic account of the ecology of all types of tropical streams Covers all of the major tropical regions Detailed consideration of possible fundamental differences between tropical and temperate stream ecosystems Threats faced by tropical stream ecosystems and possible conservation actions Descriptions and synstheses life-histories and breeding patterns of major aquatic consumers (fishes, invertebrates)
Author : Carl Willard Dick
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (44 download)
Download or read book Macroinvertebrate Community Structure of Headwater Streams of the Buffalo National River, Arkansas, in Relation to Physicochemical Environmental Variables written by Carl Willard Dick and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Miller Scott Jarrell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (67 download)
Download or read book Assessing Organic Matter Breakdown and Associated Macroinvertebrate Community Structure in Headwater Streams written by Miller Scott Jarrell and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Stuart E. Bunn
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (22 download)
Download or read book Community Structure and Functional Organization of Streams of the Northern Jarrah Forest, Western Australia written by Stuart E. Bunn and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 952 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 952 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Julie Elizabeth Helson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Macroinvertebrate Community Structure and Function in Seasonal, Low-land, Tropical Streams Across a Pristine-rural-Urban Land-use Gradient written by Julie Elizabeth Helson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Elizabeth Ellen Risley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (838 download)
Download or read book Relationships Among Land Use, Geomorphology, Local Habitat and Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Assemblages in Agricultural Headwater Stream Systems written by Elizabeth Ellen Risley and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: In-stream habitat structure and water chemistry have significant influence on the structure and composition of stream macroinvertebrate assemblages. Habitat at this local scale can be significantly affected by the geomorphology of a stream or region. Both in-stream habitat and geomorphology are, in turn, influenced by other factors operating at the landscape scale (e.g., land use, connectivity of habitat patches, etc.). It is unclear which of these three scales of habitat has the greatest influence over lotic assemblage structure. Anthropogenic disturbance to a stream ecosystem can occur at all three scales of habitat, and is particularly common in predominantly agricultural systems. The Sugar Creek watershed in northeastern Ohio represents several different types of anthropogenic disturbance, including dairy farming, crop production, urbanization, and industrialization. The South and Middle Forks of the Sugar Creek watershed, dominated by agriculture and a mix of agriculture and industry, respectively, were sampled in early summer 2005 for habitat and macroinvertebrates. Richness, evenness, diversity, familylevel biotic index, percent Diptera Chironomidae, and the number of macroinvertebrates were all similar across the drainages. The percent Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera was significantly larger in the Middle Fork than in the South Fork. There were no significant differences in habitat or macroinvertebrate assemblages between the two drainages overall. In-stream habitat structure and water chemistry explained 58.8% of the variation between sites among macroinvertebrate taxa. Geomorphology explained 10.4% and land use 9.4% of the variation. Shared variances between different scales of habitat did not explain substantial amounts of variation among macroinvertebrate taxa. These results have, however, identified several sites in the South Fork with good potential for Best Management Practice implementation and several sites in the Middle Fork for preservation.
Author : Amber Clarke
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Patterns and Determinants of Macroinvertebrate Diversity in Headwater Stream Networks written by Amber Clarke and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Headwater streams dominate stream channel length in catchments. They are important sources of water, sediment and biota for downstream reaches and critical sites for organic matter and nutrient processing. Aquatic biodiversity in headwater streams has been overlooked in comparison to higher-order rivers, and few studies have considered spatial biodiversity patterns in headwater streams, or streams in general. I reviewed studies of macroinvertebrate diversity in headwater streams and found equivocal evidence to support the view that headwater streams harbour high biodiversity. Headwater streams might still make an important contribution to [gamma] (regional) diversity at the landscape (catchment) scale by virtue of high [beta] (among-assemblage) diversity. I studied eight headwater streams from three forested, upland catchments along the Great Dividing Range, Victoria, Australia to test my hypothesis of high [beta] diversity and to understand the spatial patterns and determinants of macroinvertebrate diversity in headwater stream networks.Diversity partitioning showed that reaches each had high [alpha] (within-assemblage) diversity, while [beta] diversity made only a small contribution to [gamma] diversity at both the reach and catchment scales. [beta] diversity may have been lower than hypothesized due to relatively small distances between sites and high levels of dispersal among reaches and catchments in the study area. Contrary to other studies that have found environmental factors to be important for explaining variation in macroinvertebrate assemblage structure in headwater streams, I found a limited role for environmental factors structuring macroinvertebrate assemblages in the study area.In one year (2008), spatial factors (independent of environmental factors) were the dominant factor structuring macroinvertebrate assemblages. Therefore, metacommunity structure in the study area aligns most closely with the neutral/patch dynamic metacommunity model. This pattern of spatial structuring, coupled with low [beta] diversity, suggests that high neighbourhood dispersal might be the main factor structuring macroinvertebrate assemblages in the study area. Flow permanence had only a seasonal effect on macroinvertebrate diversity and so there is a temporal component to the spatial diversity patterns in this system.The explicit recognition of stream ecosystems as spatially structured networks has increased our understanding of ecological patterns and processes, and provided the impetus for this research. Recent advances in the study of networks, particularly in the fields of physics and network theory, offer an opportunity to considerably extend the current application of the network concept in stream ecology.Determining the relative contributions of [alpha] and [beta] diversity to [gamma] diversity, and the scale dependence of [alpha] and [beta] components, provides vital information for conservation planning because optimal reserve designs will differ depending on the relative contributions of [alpha] and [beta] diversity. My finding of high [alpha] and low [beta] diversity indicates that each stream in the study area can be considered to have low irreplaceability and the capacity to contribute a large portion of species to regional conservation targets.Information on spatial patterns of diversity is urgently required for systematic conservation planning for freshwater reserves if we are to halt the rapid decline in global freshwater biodiversity.
Author : Roger Holmes (M.Sc.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Determining the Association Between the Structure of Stream Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities and Agricultural Best Management Practices written by Roger Holmes (M.Sc.) and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Farmers have been encouraged to adopt more sustainable farming practices (BMPs) that mitigate adverse agricultural effects on the natural environment. However, the ability of BMPs to protect or restore riverine systems continues to be questioned due to limited evidence directly linking BMP use with improved ecological conditions. The exclusion of hydrological pathways in previous field studies may explain why a direct link has not yet been established. The goal of this study was to assess the association between benthic macroinvertebrate community structure and the number and location of agricultural BMPs. Macroinvertebrates and water chemistry were sampled in 30 headwater catchments in the Grand River Watershed. Catchments exhibited gradients of BMP use and location as measured by the degree of hydrologic connectedness. Stepwise ordination regressions and variance partitioning were used to determine which environmental variables (i.e., BMP metrics, water chemistry parameters, habitat characteristics, and land use variables) were associated with benthic macroinvertebrate community structure. Water chemistry parameters were negatively associated with BMP metrics suggesting BMPs were mitigating losses of nutrients and sediments. However, BMP abundance and location explained minimal variation in benthic macroinvertebrate structure within the 30 sampled catchments. The absence of a strong association between BMPs and benthic macroinvertebrates may indicate a need for greater numbers and targeted siting of BMPS to improve water quality beyond a threshold point that would allow recolonization of intolerant invertebrate taxa. Focusing of conservation goals on ecological conditions and the promotion of BMPs that enhance in-stream habitat may also be required.
Author : Ivor Owen Growns
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (223 download)
Download or read book Macroinvertebrate Community Structure in the Streams of the Southern Forests of Western Australia written by Ivor Owen Growns and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ivor O. Growns
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (225 download)
Download or read book Macroinvertebrate Community Structure in the Streams of the Southern Forest of Western Australia written by Ivor O. Growns and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Raj Kiran Parmar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)
Download or read book Macroinvertebrate Community Composition in Stream Networks Across Three Land Cover Types written by Raj Kiran Parmar and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land cover change strongly affects biodiversity in stream ecosystems, with several studies demonstrating the negative impacts of agricultural and urban expansion on local community richness. However, little is known of the effects of land cover on the variation among sets of local communities in stream networks, as well as the drivers of community variation in these systems. Using the metacommunity framework, this study takes a multi-scale approach to understand how macroinvertebrate communities are assembled across three catchment land cover types; native forest, agricultural and urban. Specifically, the aims of this study are to assess; (1) how stream network land cover influences alpha and beta diversity of macroinvertebrate communities and, (2) the relative role of local environmental conditions and spatial dispersal variables in structuring these communities. Benthic macroinvertebrate samples and local in-stream and riparian environmental variables were collected at 20 sampling sites in each of the six study stream networks in Auckland. Spatial distance proxies of macroinvertebrate dispersal in stream networks were calculated using geospatial techniques. Community alpha and beta diversity, environmental and distance variables were analysed using multivariate statistical techniques. Comparisons showed reference forest and impacted (agricultural and urban) networks supported distinct communities, with lower alpha diversity in the impacted stream networks. Unexpectedly, beta diversity in the impacted networks was greater than, or equal to the reference stream networks, with community dissimilarity almost entirely driven by species turnover. Overall, irrespective of land cover, macroinvertebrate communities were largely structured by local environmental conditions. Benthic substrate and the presence and composition of riparian vegetation were the most significant local environmental variables influencing community composition. Spatial dispersal limitation variables had a small, but significant, effect on inter-site community dissimilarity and overall community structure in each catchment. Network distance between local communities explained the greatest variation in community dissimilarity of the three distance types. This study identified potential drivers of macroinvertebrate community variation in Auckland streams, specifically highlighting the relative role of local environmental and spatial dispersal processes. The results of this study have relevance for biomonitoring and state of environment reporting of Auckland’s freshwater systems, as well as future stream rehabilitation projects.
Author : Kate Roberts
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (141 download)
Download or read book The Effects of Drought on Community Structure of Stream Macroinvertebrates written by Kate Roberts and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural stresses such as drought can cause changes in macroinvertebrate community composition over time. This study examines the relationship between low flows, macroinvertebrate habitat and the macroinvertbrate community. The sensitivity of AUSRIVAS biological monitoring methods to impacts associated with low flows are also examined. A flow threshold was used to define low flows and to test for changes in macroinvertebrate habitat and macroinvertebrate communities. Assessments of the biological condition of the macroinvertebrate community were performed using AUSRIVAS predictive models. Low flows reduced the available habitat for macroinvertebrates, thus altering resources for macroinvertebrates. However, macroinvertebrate abundance and community composition showed no significant response to the effects of low. AUSRIVAS assessments detected few reductions in biological condition of macroinvertebrate under low flow conditions. The threshold value used to define drought was useful for determining habitat change, but was appropriate for determinig levels at which changes to the macroinvertebrate community occur. Alternative methods such as a combination of low flow thresholds, low flow duration and channel characteristics may enable observations of biological impacts associated with low flow conditions.
