Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Download Gravity Waves In The Lower Atmosphere In Mountainous Regions And The Role Of The Tropopause full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Gravity Waves In The Lower Atmosphere In Mountainous Regions And The Role Of The Tropopause ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author : Sonja Gisinger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Gravity Waves in the Lower Atmosphere in Mountainous Regions and the Role of the Tropopause written by Sonja Gisinger and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Miguel A. C. Teixeira
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889450163
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)
Download or read book The Atmosphere over Mountainous Regions written by Miguel A. C. Teixeira and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-11-09 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mountainous regions occupy a significant fraction of the Earth's continents and are characterized by specific meteorological phenomena operating on a wide range of scales. Being a home to large human populations, the impact of mountains on weather and hydrology has significant practical consequences. Mountains modulate the climate and create micro-climates, induce different types of thermally and dynamically driven circulations, generate atmospheric waves of various scales (known as mountain waves), and affect the boundary layer characteristics and the dispersion of pollutants. At the local scale, strong downslope winds linked with mountain waves (such as the Foehn and Bora) can cause severe damage. Mountain wave breaking in the high atmosphere is a source of Clear Air Turbulence, and lee wave rotors are a major near-surface aviation hazard. Mountains also act to block strongly stratified air layers, leading to the formation of valley cold air-pools (with implications for road safety, pollution, crop damage, etc.) and gap flows. Presently, neither the fine-scale structure of orographic precipitation nor the initiation of deep convection by mountainous terrain can be resolved adequately by regional-to global-scale models, requiring appropriate downscaling or parameterization. Additionally, the shortest mountain waves need to be parameterized in global weather and climate prediction models, because they exert a drag on the atmosphere. This drag not only decelerates the global atmospheric circulation, but also affects temperatures in the polar stratosphere, which control ozone depletion. It is likely that both mountain wave drag and orographic precipitation lead to non-trivial feedbacks in climate change scenarios. Measurement campaigns such as MAP, T-REX, Materhorn, COLPEX and i-Box provided a wealth of mountain meteorology field data, which is only starting to be explored. Recent advances in computing power allow numerical simulations of unprecedented resolution, e.g. LES modelling of rotors, mountain wave turbulence, and boundary layers in mountainous regions. This will lead to important advances in understanding these phenomena, as well as mixing and pollutant dispersion over complex terrain, or the onset and breakdown of cold air pools. On the other hand, recent analyses of global circulation biases point towards missing drag, especially in the southern hemisphere, which may be due to processes currently neglected in parameterizations. A better understanding of flow over orography is also crucial for a better management of wind power and a more effective use of data assimilation over complex terrain. This Research Topic includes contributions that aim to shed light on a number of these issues, using theory, numerical modelling, field measurements, and laboratory experiments.
Author : PLUMB
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 3034858256
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (348 download)
Download or read book Middle Atmosphere written by PLUMB and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PAGEOPH, stratosphere, these differences provide us with new evidence, interpretation of which can materially help to advance our understanding of stratospheric dynamics in general. It is now weil established that smaller-scale motions-in particular gravity waves and turbulence-are of fundamental importance in the general circulation of the mesosphere; they seem to be similarly, if less spectacularly, significant in the troposphere, and probably also in the stratosphere. Our understanding of these motions, their effects on the mean circulation and their mutual interactions is progressing rapidly, as is weil illustrated by the papers in this issue; there are reports of observational studies, especially with new instruments such as the Japanese MV radar, reviews of the state of theory, a laboratory study and an analysis of gravity waves and their effects in the high resolution "SKYHI" general circulation model. There are good reasons to suspect that gravity waves may be of crucial significance in making the stratospheric circulation the way it is (modeling experience being one suggestive piece of evidence for this). Direct observational proof has thus far been prevented by the difficulty of making observations of such scales of motion in this region; in one study reported here, falling sphere observations are used to obtain information on the structure and intensity of waves in the upper stratosphere.
Author : Carmen J. Nappo
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080491669
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)
Download or read book An Introduction to Atmospheric Gravity Waves written by Carmen J. Nappo and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-09-12 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gravity waves exist in all types of geophysical fluids, such as lakes, oceans, and atmospheres. They play an important role in redistributing energy at disturbances, such as mountains or seamounts and they are routinely studied in meteorology and oceanography, particularly simulation models, atmospheric weather models, turbulence, air pollution, and climate research. An Introduction to Atmospheric Gravity Waves provides readers with a working background of the fundamental physics and mathematics of gravity waves, and introduces a wide variety of applications and numerous recent advances. Nappo provides a concise volume on gravity waves with a lucid discussion of current observational techniques and instrumentation. Foreword is written by Prof. George Chimonas, a renowned expert on the interactions of gravity waves with turbulence. CD containing real data, computer codes for data analysis and linear gravity wave models included with the text
Author : John David Lindeman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (233 download)
Download or read book A Numerical Study of Topographical Effects on Flow Regimes in the Lower Atmosphere written by John David Lindeman and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Orographically generated gravity waves, or mountain waves, have been the focus of much research for decades because of their importance on the general mean atmospheric circulation. These waves affect the flow on scales which are too small to be resolved by global weather and climate models, and so their impact on the larger scale flow must be parameterized. Linear theory has proven useful for obtaining a quantitative understanding of wave processes and their effects on the background flow, though one must assume that the low level flow in mountainous regions is approximately linear. Numerical simulations and field experiments indicate that this is often not the case, however, as nonlinear effects can dominate the flow near the orography. These nonlinear effects, which include processes such as flow splitting around a mountain or upstream blocking of the flow, affect gravity wave generation and decrease the accuracy of predictions based on linear theory. The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the extent that linear theory-based mountain wave predictions can be improved by using an alternative initialization scheme. Linear orographic gravity wave models traditionally have been initialized at the lower boundary assuming the orography is equivalent to the surface vertical displacement field. While this method works when wave-induced perturbations are small compared to the mean flow, this has been shown to fail in weak flow regimes and tall mountains. We introduce an initialization technique where the linear model is initialized on a horizontal plane with results from a corresponding simulation from a nonlinear numerical model. The height level of initialization must be in a region in which the flow can be approximated by linear theory, and in practice this occurs above the low level nonlinear processes in the vicinity of the mountain. We show that this method leads to greater accuracy in the solutions of the wavefield above the orography. This new method is tested for flow regimes of uniform background wind and stability, and for simple bell shaped hills and more complex and realistic orography. Parameters derived from linear theory which are useful for global weather models are shown to be significantly affected by the new initialization scheme. These results have the potential to quantitatively improve global weather model mountain wave parameterization schemes in the relatively common instance of orographically-induced nonlinear flows, as well as to provide quick and accurate forecasts of wave activity for the aviation community.
Author : Triantaphyilos R. Akylas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (485 download)
Download or read book Topographic and Rotation Effects on Gravity-Wave Dynamics in the Atmosphere written by Triantaphyilos R. Akylas and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical models for the generation of gravity internal waves by flow over topography have been developed, in an effort to understand the role of orographically induced gravity waves in atmospheric turbulence production. For given background wind speed and distribution of buoyancy frequency, the location of the tropopause (the borderline between the troposphere and the stratosphere) is found to have a significant effect, consistent with observations of increased gravity-wave activity over New Mexico when the tropopause is 10-11 km above ground. Based on a finite-amplitude hydrostatic model that accounts for three dimensional effects, a theoretical explanation has been proposed for certain intense oblique gravity wave trains observed downstream of islands. Finally, the effects of periodic variations in the background buoyancy frequency have been studied, Under certain conditions, such fluctuations are found to cause trapping of mountain waves well below the tropopause while, in other instances, they result in unusually strong gravity-wave activity owing to a resonance phenomenon.
Author : David G. Andrews
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080954677
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Middle Atmosphere Dynamics written by David G. Andrews and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-07-21 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in atmospheric, oceanic, and climate science, Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics is an introductory textbook on the circulations of the atmosphere and ocean and their interaction, with an emphasis on global scales. It will give students a good grasp of what the atmosphere and oceans look like on the large-scale and why they look that way. The role of the oceans in climate and paleoclimate is also discussed. The combination of observations, theory and accompanying illustrative laboratory experiments sets this text apart by making it accessible to students with no prior training in meteorology or oceanography. * Written at a mathematical level that is appealing for undergraduates and beginning graduate students * Provides a useful educational tool through a combination of observations and laboratory demonstrations which can be viewed over the web * Contains instructions on how to reproduce the simple but informative laboratory experiments * Includes copious problems (with sample answers) to help students learn the material.
Author : Mangalathayil Ali Abdu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400703260
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Aeronomy of the Earth's Atmosphere and Ionosphere written by Mangalathayil Ali Abdu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-26 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a multi-author treatise on the most outstanding research problems in the field of the aeronomy of the Earth’s atmosphere and ionosphere, encompassing the science covered by Division II of the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA). It contains several review articles and detailed papers by leading scientists in the field. The book is organized in five parts: 1) Mesosphere-Lower Thermosphere Dynamics and Chemistry; 2) Vertical Coupling by Upward Propagating Waves; 3) Ionospheric Electrodynamics and Structuring; 4) Thermosphere- Ionosphere Coupling, Dynamics and Trends and 5) Ionosphere-Thermosphere Disturbances and Modeling. The book consolidates the progress achieved in the field in recent years and it serves as a useful reference for graduate students as well as experienced researchers.
Author : Gerald R. North
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0123822262
Total Pages : 2874 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences written by Gerald R. North and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-09-14 with total page 2874 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences, Second Edition, Six Volume Set is an authoritative resource covering all aspects of atmospheric sciences, including both theory and applications. With more than 320 articles and 1,600 figures and photographs, this revised version of the award-winning first edition offers comprehensive coverage of this important field. The six volumes in this set contain broad-ranging articles on topics such as atmospheric chemistry, biogeochemical cycles, boundary layers, clouds, general circulation, global change, mesoscale meteorology, ozone, radar, satellite remote sensing, and weather prediction. The Encyclopedia is an ideal resource for academia, government, and industry in the fields of atmospheric, ocean, and environmental sciences. It is written at a level that allows undergraduate students to understand the material, while providing active researchers with the latest information in the field. Covers all aspects of atmospheric sciences—including both theory and applications Presents more than 320 articles and more than 1,600 figures and photographs Broad-ranging articles include topics such as atmospheric chemistry, biogeochemical cycles, boundary layers, clouds, general circulation, global change, mesoscale meteorology, ozone, radar, satellite remote sensing, and weather prediction An ideal resource for academia, government, and industry in the fields of atmospheric, ocean, and environmental sciences
Author : Chester Newton
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1944970339
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (449 download)
Download or read book Extratropical Cyclones written by Chester Newton and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-22 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is composed of 12 review papers invited for the Palmen Memorial Symposium on Extratropical Cyclones held in Helsinki, Finland, 29 August - 2 September 1988. To celebrate the 90th anniversary of the birth of Professor Erik Palmén, this symposium was organized to give a state-of-the-art picture of research on the structure and dynamics of extratropical cyclones, a topic which Palmén pioneered during the era of advances in aerological analysis. This symposium was organized by the Geophysical Society of Finland and the American Meteorological Society in cooperation with the Danish, Norwegian and Swedish Geophysical Societies. Extratropical Cyclones offers state-of-the-art information on extratropical cyclones, and recent findings by European and American authorities in various subject areas. The first two chapters discuss Palmen's works on cyclones and his early general circulation concepts. The ten chapters following chronicle the advances in understanding cyclones; the theory, structure, and physical processes of cyclones; orographic cyclogenesis; and more. Extratropical Cyclones also contains synoptic case analyses, modeling results, examples of the phenomena discussed, and abundant references. While particular aspects are emphasized in the individual contributions, the book as a whole summarizes the major features of various kinds of extratropical cyclones based on observational analyses, theory and numerical experimentation. This volume is of interest to researchers in dynamic and synoptic meteorology, climatology and mesometeorology, as well as in numerical modeling and weather forecasting. It is also useful for meteorology courses at graduate and upper undergraduate levels.
Author : Triantaphyilos R. Akylas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 3 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (485 download)
Download or read book Topographic and Rotation Effects on Gravity-Wave Dynamics in the Atmosphere written by Triantaphyilos R. Akylas and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : C. J. Nappo
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123852234
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)
Download or read book An Introduction to Atmospheric Gravity Waves written by C. J. Nappo and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gravity waves exist in all types of geophysical fluids, such as lakes, oceans, and atmospheres. They play an important role in redistributing energy at disturbances, such as mountains or seamounts and they are routinely studied in meteorology and oceanography, particularly simulation models, atmospheric weather models, turbulence, air pollution, and climate research. An Introduction to Atmospheric Gravity Waves provides readers with a working background of the fundamental physics and mathematics of gravity waves, and introduces a wide variety of applications and numerous recent advances. Nappo provides a concise volume on gravity waves with a lucid discussion of current observational techniques and instrumentation.An accompanying website contains real data, computer codes for data analysis, and linear gravity wave models to further enhance the reader's understanding of the book's material. Companion web site features animations and streaming video Foreword by George Chimonas, a renowned expert on the interactions of gravity waves with turbulence Includes a new application-based component for use in climate and weather predictions
Author : Kevin Hamilton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642606547
Total Pages : 568 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (426 download)
Download or read book Gravity Wave Processes written by Kevin Hamilton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject of this volume is the observation and modelling of the gravity wave field in the atmosphere. The focus is on the question of how to include the effects of small-scale gravity waves in sophisticated global climate models. The book comprises 26 chapters, including contributions from distinguished experts in observation and theory, along with results from studies of gravity wave parameterization within comprehensive climate models.
Author : Geoffrey K. Vallis
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139459961
Total Pages : 772 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)
Download or read book Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics written by Geoffrey K. Vallis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-11-06 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluid dynamics is fundamental to our understanding of the atmosphere and oceans. Although many of the same principles of fluid dynamics apply to both the atmosphere and oceans, textbooks tend to concentrate on the atmosphere, the ocean, or the theory of geophysical fluid dynamics (GFD). This textbook provides a comprehensive unified treatment of atmospheric and oceanic fluid dynamics. The book introduces the fundamentals of geophysical fluid dynamics, including rotation and stratification, vorticity and potential vorticity, and scaling and approximations. It discusses baroclinic and barotropic instabilities, wave-mean flow interactions and turbulence, and the general circulation of the atmosphere and ocean. Student problems and exercises are included at the end of each chapter. Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics: Fundamentals and Large-Scale Circulation will be an invaluable graduate textbook on advanced courses in GFD, meteorology, atmospheric science and oceanography, and an excellent review volume for researchers. Additional resources are available at www.cambridge.org/9780521849692.
Author : Mareike Kenntner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Using MTP Measurements to Characterise Atmospheric Gravity Waves in the Tropopause Region written by Mareike Kenntner and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : James R. Wait
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Characteristics of the Earth-ionosphere Waveguide for VLF Radio Waves written by James R. Wait and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principal results of this technical note are graphical presentations of the attenuation rates, phase velocities, and excitation factors for the dominant modes in the earth-ionosphere waveguide.The frequency range considered is 8 kc/s to 30 kc/s. *The model adopted for the ionosphere has an exponential variation for both the electron density and the collision frequency, and the effect of the earth's magnetic field is considered.Comparison with published experimental data confirms that the minimum attenuation of VLF radio waves in daytime is approximtely at 18 kc/s, while at night it is somewhat lower.The directional dependences of propagation predicted by the theory are also confirmed by experimental data.(Author).
Author : Robert Sharman
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331923630X
Total Pages : 529 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)
Download or read book Aviation Turbulence written by Robert Sharman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-27 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anyone who has experienced turbulence in flight knows that it is usually not pleasant, and may wonder why this is so difficult to avoid. The book includes papers by various aviation turbulence researchers and provides background into the nature and causes of atmospheric turbulence that affect aircraft motion, and contains surveys of the latest techniques for remote and in situ sensing and forecasting of the turbulence phenomenon. It provides updates on the state-of-the-art research since earlier studies in the 1960s on clear-air turbulence, explains recent new understanding into turbulence generation by thunderstorms, and summarizes future challenges in turbulence prediction and avoidance.
