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Government Revenue Taxation Tariffs
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Book Synopsis Coordinating Tariff Reduction and Domestic Tax Reform by : Mr.Michael Keen
Download or read book Coordinating Tariff Reduction and Domestic Tax Reform written by Mr.Michael Keen and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1999-07-01 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A key obstacle to fundamental tariff reform in many developing countries is the revenue loss that it ultimately implies. This paper establishes a simple and practicable strategy for realizing the efficiency gains from tariff reform without reducing public revenues, showing that for a small open economy, a cut in tariffs combined with a point-for-point increase in domestic consumption taxes increases both welfare and public revenues. Increasingly stringent conditions are required, however, to ensure unambiguously beneficial outcomes from this reform strategy when allowance is made for such important features as nontradeable goods, intermediate inputs, and imperfect competition.
Book Synopsis Tariffs, Taxes and Electronic Commerce by : Susanne Teltscher
Download or read book Tariffs, Taxes and Electronic Commerce written by Susanne Teltscher and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government Revenue by : Ellis Henry Roberts
Download or read book Government Revenue written by Ellis Henry Roberts and published by Boston : Houghton, Mifflin, 1888 [c1884]. This book was released on 1888 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Clashing Over Commerce by : Douglas A. Irwin
Download or read book Clashing Over Commerce written by Douglas A. Irwin and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Foreign Affairs Best Book of the Year: “Tells the history of American trade policy . . . [A] grand narrative [that] also debunks trade-policy myths.” —Economist Should the United States be open to commerce with other countries, or should it protect domestic industries from foreign competition? This question has been the source of bitter political conflict throughout American history. Such conflict was inevitable, James Madison argued in the Federalist Papers, because trade policy involves clashing economic interests. The struggle between the winners and losers from trade has always been fierce because dollars and jobs are at stake: depending on what policy is chosen, some industries, farmers, and workers will prosper, while others will suffer. Douglas A. Irwin’s Clashing over Commerce is the most authoritative and comprehensive history of US trade policy to date, offering a clear picture of the various economic and political forces that have shaped it. From the start, trade policy divided the nation—first when Thomas Jefferson declared an embargo on all foreign trade and then when South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union over excessive taxes on imports. The Civil War saw a shift toward protectionism, which then came under constant political attack. Then, controversy over the Smoot-Hawley tariff during the Great Depression led to a policy shift toward freer trade, involving trade agreements that eventually produced the World Trade Organization. Irwin makes sense of this turbulent history by showing how different economic interests tend to be grouped geographically, meaning that every proposed policy change found ready champions and opponents in Congress. Deeply researched and rich with insight and detail, Clashing over Commerce provides valuable and enduring insights into US trade policy past and present. “Combines scholarly analysis with a historian’s eye for trends and colorful details . . . readable and illuminating, for the trade expert and for all Americans wanting a deeper understanding of America’s evolving role in the global economy.” —National Review “Magisterial.” —Foreign Affairs
Book Synopsis The Linkage Between Domestic Taxes and Border Taxes by : Roger Hall Gordon
Download or read book The Linkage Between Domestic Taxes and Border Taxes written by Roger Hall Gordon and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this paper is to explore to what degree the pattern of border distortions may simply result from each country's attempt to offset the trade distortions created by their domestic tax structure and by other domestic policies.
Book Synopsis Optimal Tariffs, Optimal Taxes, and Economic Development by : Michael B. Loewy
Download or read book Optimal Tariffs, Optimal Taxes, and Economic Development written by Michael B. Loewy and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cross-section and time-series data show that nations substitute income taxes for tariffs as they develop. This paper confronts this observation within the context of a two-country open-economy endogenous growth model in which public expenditure is financed by an optimal tariff and income tax the second of which is subject to an administrative cost. The model is calibrated and its transition is shown to yield time paths for the shares of total government revenue derived from the tariff and the income tax that are consistent with the data.
Book Synopsis Taxation and economic performance by :
Download or read book Taxation and economic performance written by and published by Hoover Press. This book was released on with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two centuries, economists have debated whether or not higher rates of taxation lead to increased levels of government revenues. In the eighteenth century, Adam Smith pointed to a reduced level of revenues from substantially higher tariffs and duties on traded goods. In the twentieth century, the Laffer Curve postulated that there would be no government revenue at a taxation level of 100 percent or 0 percent. More recently, the debate focused on the tax increases of 1990 and 1993, which were designed to reduce the federal budget deficit through an increase in government revenues. In fact, the forecasted revenue generation following each tax increase fell short of the mark. Increases in tax rates have not raised the desired additional revenues, but they have dampened economic activity. Higher tax rates tend to reduce the tax base as taxpayers have disincentives to work, produce, save, or invest. There are, however, incentives to hide, shelter, and underreport income as tax rates are raised. Thus, the economy as a whole tends to perform less well following a tax increase. Conversely, the economy tends to perform more favorably following a reduction in tax rates. In the postwar period, government revenues as a percentage of gross domestic product have averaged 19.5 percent despite marginal income tax rates as high as 92 percent and as low as 28 percent. Despite the historic record, policy makers continue to embrace the notion that an increase in marginal tax rates will raise revenues without any attendant adverse effects on economic growth, job creation, or standard of living.
Book Synopsis Making Money Matter by : National Research Council
Download or read book Making Money Matter written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-11-30 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States annually spends over $300 billion on public elementary and secondary education. As the nation enters the 21st century, it faces a major challenge: how best to tie this financial investment to the goal of high levels of achievement for all students. In addition, policymakers want assurance that education dollars are being raised and used in the most efficient and effective possible ways. The book covers such topics as: Legal and legislative efforts to reduce spending and achievement gaps. The shift from "equity" to "adequacy" as a new standard for determining fairness in education spending. The debate and the evidence over the productivity of American schools. Strategies for using school finance in support of broader reforms aimed at raising student achievement. This book contains a comprehensive review of the theory and practice of financing public schools by federal, state, and local governments in the United States. It distills the best available knowledge about the fairness and productivity of expenditures on education and assesses options for changing the finance system.
Author :United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Internal Revenue Taxation Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :150 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (6 download)
Book Synopsis The Taxing Power of the Federal and State Governments by : United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Internal Revenue Taxation
Download or read book The Taxing Power of the Federal and State Governments written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Internal Revenue Taxation and published by . This book was released on 1937 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis What is a Tariff for Revenue? by : Michael Crawford Kerr
Download or read book What is a Tariff for Revenue? written by Michael Crawford Kerr and published by . This book was released on 1872 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Corruption and Trade Tariffs, Or a Case for Uniform Tariffs by : Roberta Gatti
Download or read book Corruption and Trade Tariffs, Or a Case for Uniform Tariffs written by Roberta Gatti and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A highly diversified trade tariff menu may fuel bribe-taking behavior. Setting trade tariff rates at a uniform level limits public officials' ability to extract bribes from importers.
Book Synopsis A General Equilibrium Model for Tax Policy Evaluation by : Charles L. Ballard
Download or read book A General Equilibrium Model for Tax Policy Evaluation written by Charles L. Ballard and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-05-15 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports the authors' research on one of the most sophisticated general equilibrium models designed for tax policy analysis. Significantly disaggregated and incorporating the complete array of federal, state, and local taxes, the model represents the U.S. economy and tax system in a large computer package. The authors consider modifications of the tax system, including those being raised in current policy debates, such as consumption-based taxes and integration of the corporate and personal income tax systems. A counterfactual economy associated with each of these alternatives is generated, and the possible outcomes are compared.
Book Synopsis Optimal Taxation in an Open Economy with Tariffs and Inflation by : George Thomas McCandless
Download or read book Optimal Taxation in an Open Economy with Tariffs and Inflation written by George Thomas McCandless and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Oregon Blue Book by : Oregon. Office of the Secretary of State
Download or read book Oregon Blue Book written by Oregon. Office of the Secretary of State and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis United States Code by : United States
Download or read book United States Code written by United States and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 1506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The United States Code is the official codification of the general and permanent laws of the United States of America. The Code was first published in 1926, and a new edition of the code has been published every six years since 1934. The 2012 edition of the Code incorporates laws enacted through the One Hundred Twelfth Congress, Second Session, the last of which was signed by the President on January 15, 2013. It does not include laws of the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, First Session, enacted between January 2, 2013, the date it convened, and January 15, 2013. By statutory authority this edition may be cited "U.S.C. 2012 ed." As adopted in 1926, the Code established prima facie the general and permanent laws of the United States. The underlying statutes reprinted in the Code remained in effect and controlled over the Code in case of any discrepancy. In 1947, Congress began enacting individual titles of the Code into positive law. When a title is enacted into positive law, the underlying statutes are repealed and the title then becomes legal evidence of the law. Currently, 26 of the 51 titles in the Code have been so enacted. These are identified in the table of titles near the beginning of each volume. The Law Revision Counsel of the House of Representatives continues to prepare legislation pursuant to 2 U.S.C. 285b to enact the remainder of the Code, on a title-by-title basis, into positive law. The 2012 edition of the Code was prepared and published under the supervision of Ralph V. Seep, Law Revision Counsel. Grateful acknowledgment is made of the contributions by all who helped in this work, particularly the staffs of the Office of the Law Revision Counsel and the Government Printing Office"--Preface.
Download or read book Governments Quarterly Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Taxation: A Very Short Introduction by : Stephen Smith
Download or read book Taxation: A Very Short Introduction written by Stephen Smith and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taxation is crucial to the functioning of the modern state. Tax revenues pay for public services - roads, the courts, defence, welfare assistance to the poor and elderly, and in many countries much of health care and education too. More than one third of national income in the industrialized (OECD) countries is on average taken in taxation. Taxes affect individuals in many ways. Taxes paid on income and spending directly reduce taxpayer disposable income, taxpayers face the hassle of tax returns and making payments, and they may be anxious about the possibility of investigation and enforcement action. People also adapt their activities in various ways to reduce the impact of taxation - putting money into tax-free savings accounts, or making shopping trips to other countries where taxes are lower. Taxation is therefore central to politics and public debate. Politicians that make reckless campaign promises about taxation then have to live with the uncomfortable consequences if elected. Businesses lobby for tax breaks that they claim will create jobs and prosperity. In this Very Short Introduction Stephen Smith shows how taxes have real effects on citizens and the economy that tax policy-makers have to balance. Although tax policy will always be a highly political issue, he argues that public decisions about taxation would be improved by a better understanding of the role of taxation, and of the nature and effects of different taxes. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
