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Government Expenditures On Education Health And Infrastructure
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Author :Lourdes Trujillo, Marianela González, Antonio Estache Publisher :World Bank Publications ISBN 13 : Total Pages :27 pages Book Rating :4./5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Government expenditures on education, health, and infrastructure : a naive look at levels, outcomes, and efficiency by : Lourdes Trujillo, Marianela González, Antonio Estache
Download or read book Government expenditures on education, health, and infrastructure : a naive look at levels, outcomes, and efficiency written by Lourdes Trujillo, Marianela González, Antonio Estache and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: All interested parties seem to agree that it is important to be able to monitor public sector performance at the sectoral level, but most current work based on multi-country databases does not lend itself to country-specific conclusions. This is due to a large extent to major data limitations both on sectoral expenditures and on sectoral outcomes. This paper discusses the related issues and shows what we can do with the current data inspite of the drastic limitations. The main conclusions of the paper are that any efforts to assess country-specific performances in relative terms are likely to be difficult in view of the data problems. A rough sense of performance across sectors can be estimated for groups of countries, allowing some modest benchmarking exercises. These estimates show that low-income countries generally lag significantly behind higher-income countries. Efficiency has improved during the 1990s in energy and education but has not improved significantly in transport.
Book Synopsis Government Expenditures on Education, Health, and Infrastructure by : Antonio Estache
Download or read book Government Expenditures on Education, Health, and Infrastructure written by Antonio Estache and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All interested parties seem to agree that it is important to be able to monitor public sector performance at the sectoral level, but most current work based on multi-country databases does not lend itself to country-specific conclusions. This is due to a large extent to major data limitations both on sectoral expenditures and on sectoral outcomes. This paper discusses the related issues and shows what we can do with the current data in spite of the drastic limitations. The main conclusions of the paper are that any efforts to assess country-specific performances in relative terms are likely to be difficult in view of the data problems. A rough sense of performance across sectors can be estimated for groups of countries, allowing some modest benchmarking exercises. These estimates show that low-income countries generally lag significantly behind higher-income countries. Efficiency has improved during the 1990s in energy and education but has not improved significantly in transport.
Book Synopsis Public Spending on Education, Health and Infrastructure and Its Inclusiveness in Cambodia by : Phay Sokcheng
Download or read book Public Spending on Education, Health and Infrastructure and Its Inclusiveness in Cambodia written by Phay Sokcheng and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis OECD Reviews of School Resources: Estonia 2016 by : Santiago Paulo
Download or read book OECD Reviews of School Resources: Estonia 2016 written by Santiago Paulo and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2016-04-06 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effective use of school resources is a policy priority across OECD countries. The OECD Reviews of School Resources explore how resources can be governed, distributed, utilised and managed to improve the quality, equity and efficiency of school education.
Book Synopsis Unproductive Public Expenditures by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Unproductive Public Expenditures written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2005-04-04 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public expenditure policy, together with efforts to raise revenue,is at the core of efficient and equitable adjustment. Public expenditureproductivity has critical implications for fiscal adjustment, particularly as the competition for limited public resources intensifies.By providing a framework for defining and analyzing public expenditureproductivity and unproductive expenditures, this pamphlet discusseshow economic policymakers may approach these issues.
Book Synopsis World Development Report 2018 by : World Bank Group
Download or read book World Development Report 2018 written by World Bank Group and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-10-16 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year, the World Bank’s World Development Report (WDR) features a topic of central importance to global development. The 2018 WDR—LEARNING to Realize Education’s Promise—is the first ever devoted entirely to education. And the time is right: education has long been critical to human welfare, but it is even more so in a time of rapid economic and social change. The best way to equip children and youth for the future is to make their learning the center of all efforts to promote education. The 2018 WDR explores four main themes: First, education’s promise: education is a powerful instrument for eradicating poverty and promoting shared prosperity, but fulfilling its potential requires better policies—both within and outside the education system. Second, the need to shine a light on learning: despite gains in access to education, recent learning assessments reveal that many young people around the world, especially those who are poor or marginalized, are leaving school unequipped with even the foundational skills they need for life. At the same time, internationally comparable learning assessments show that skills in many middle-income countries lag far behind what those countries aspire to. And too often these shortcomings are hidden—so as a first step to tackling this learning crisis, it is essential to shine a light on it by assessing student learning better. Third, how to make schools work for all learners: research on areas such as brain science, pedagogical innovations, and school management has identified interventions that promote learning by ensuring that learners are prepared, teachers are both skilled and motivated, and other inputs support the teacher-learner relationship. Fourth, how to make systems work for learning: achieving learning throughout an education system requires more than just scaling up effective interventions. Countries must also overcome technical and political barriers by deploying salient metrics for mobilizing actors and tracking progress, building coalitions for learning, and taking an adaptive approach to reform.
Book Synopsis State and Local Government Spending by : Richard H. Mattoon
Download or read book State and Local Government Spending written by Richard H. Mattoon and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investing in Public Infrastructure by : Manoj Atolia
Download or read book Investing in Public Infrastructure written by Manoj Atolia and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-05-04 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do governments in developing economies invest in roads and not enough in schools? In the presence of distortionary taxation and debt aversion, the different pace at which roads and schools contribute to economic growth turns out to be central to this decision. Specifically, while costs are front-loaded for both types of investment, the growth benefits of schools accrue with a delay. To put things in perspective, with a “big push,” even assuming a large (15 percent) return differential in favor of schools, the government would still limit the fraction of the investment scale-up going to schools to about a half. Besides debt aversion, political myopia also turns out to be a crucial determinant of public investment composition. A “big push,” by accelerating growth outcomes, mitigates myopia—but at the expense of greater risks to fiscal and debt sustainability. Tied concessional financing and grants can potentially mitigate the adverse effects of both debt aversion and political myopia.
Book Synopsis Public Expenditure Analysis by : World Bank
Download or read book Public Expenditure Analysis written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focuses on the public sector in developing countries. Provides tools of analysis for discovering equity in tax burdens as well as in public spending and judging government performance in its role in safeguarding the interests of the poor and disadvantaged. Outlines a framework for a rights-based approach to citizen empowerment - in other words, creating an institutional design with appropriate rules, restraints, and incentives to make the public sector responsive and accountable to an average voter.
Book Synopsis Securing Development by : Bernard Harborne
Download or read book Securing Development written by Bernard Harborne and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-03-01 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Securing Development: Public Finance and the Security Sector highlights the role of public finance in the delivery of security and criminal justice services. This book offers a framework for analyzing public financial management, financial transparency, and oversight, as well as expenditure policy issues that determine how to most appropriately manage security and justice services. The interplay among security, justice, and public finance is still a relatively unexplored area of development. Such a perspective can help security actors provide more professional, effective, and efficient security and justice services for citizens, while also strengthening systems for accountability. The book is the result of a project undertaken jointly by staff from the World Bank and the United Nations, integrating the disciplines where each institution holds a comparative advantage and a core mandate. The primary audience includes government officials bearing both security and financial responsibilities, staff of international organizations working on public expenditure management and security sector issues, academics, and development practitioners working in an advisory capacity.
Book Synopsis Economic Analysis and Infrastructure Investment by : Edward L. Glaeser
Download or read book Economic Analysis and Infrastructure Investment written by Edward L. Glaeser and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2021-11-11 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Policy-makers often call for expanding public spending on infrastructure, which includes a broad range of investments from roads and bridges to digital networks that will expand access to high-speed broadband. Some point to near-term macro-economic benefits and job creation, others focus on long-term effects on productivity and economic growth. This volume explores the links between infrastructure spending and economic outcomes, as well as key economic issues in the funding and management of infrastructure projects. It draws together research studies that describe the short-run stimulus effects of infrastructure spending, develop new estimates of the stock of U.S. infrastructure capital, and explore the incentive aspects of public-private partnerships (PPPs). A salient issue is the treatment of risk in evaluating publicly-funded infrastructure projects and in connection with PPPs. The goal of the volume is to provide a reference for researchers seeking to expand research on infrastructure issues, and for policy-makers tasked with determining the appropriate level of infrastructure spending"--
Book Synopsis NCES Statistical Standards by : Emmett Flemming
Download or read book NCES Statistical Standards written by Emmett Flemming and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spending for Development by : World Bank
Download or read book Spending for Development written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After almost a decade of successful macroeconomic management and several bold policy decisions, Indonesia is finally in a position of fiscal strength. Since 2006, Indonesia has freed up "fiscal space" of about US$15 billion. Equivalent to around 7 percent of GDP, this is the largest increase in additional fiscal resources since the 1973-74 oil revenue windfall, providing a tremendous window of opportunity for Indonesia to upgrade its public services."Spending for Development: Making the Most of Indonesia's New Opportunities" is the first Public Expenditure Review to cover national and sub-national spending in Indonesia. It sheds light on the impact of the country's transition towards decentralization and the new ways of which public resources are now administrated and allocated. An essential source of analysis for all stakeholders in public finance in Indonesia, some of the most important findings include:1 Thanks to the fuel subsidies cuts in 2005, Indonesia freed up US$10 billion in 2006 to spend on development programs. An additional US$5 billion also came available from increasing revenues and declining debt service.2 Despite the 2005 domestic fuel price adjustments, Indonesia still spends US$12 billion on subsidies annually, mainly on fuel and electricity. 3 Thirty-six percent of all public spending is now in the hands of sub-national governments.4 While spending on education since the crisis has nearly doubled and spending on health has increased almost 70 percent, spending on infrastructure investment remains significantly less than pre-crisis levels (below 3.4 percent of GDP). 5 Indonesia spends about 50 percent of its total annual capital expenditure in the final quarter of the year.
Download or read book Education at a Glance written by and published by . This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD education indicators enable countries to see themselves in light of other countries performance. They reflect on both the human and financial resources invested in education and on the returns of these investments.
Book Synopsis The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-02-01 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anthrax incidents following the 9/11 terrorist attacks put the spotlight on the nation's public health agencies, placing it under an unprecedented scrutiny that added new dimensions to the complex issues considered in this report. The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century reaffirms the vision of Healthy People 2010, and outlines a systems approach to assuring the nation's health in practice, research, and policy. This approach focuses on joining the unique resources and perspectives of diverse sectors and entities and challenges these groups to work in a concerted, strategic way to promote and protect the public's health. Focusing on diverse partnerships as the framework for public health, the book discusses: The need for a shift from an individual to a population-based approach in practice, research, policy, and community engagement. The status of the governmental public health infrastructure and what needs to be improved, including its interface with the health care delivery system. The roles nongovernment actors, such as academia, business, local communities and the media can play in creating a healthy nation. Providing an accessible analysis, this book will be important to public health policy-makers and practitioners, business and community leaders, health advocates, educators and journalists.
Book Synopsis Government Expenditure and Economic Growth by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Government Expenditure and Economic Growth written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1989-05-15 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the empirical evidence on the contribution that government and, in particular, capital expenditure make to the growth performance of a sample of developing countries. Using the Denison growth accounting approach, this study finds that social expenditures may have a significant impact on growth in the short run, but infrastructure expenditures may have little influence. While current expenditures for directly productive purposes may exert a positive influence, capital expenditure in these sectors appears to exert a negative influence. Experiments with other explanatory variables confirm the importance of the growth of exports to the overall growth rate.
Book Synopsis Who Will Keep the Public Healthy? by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Who Will Keep the Public Healthy? written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-04-29 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioterrorism, drug-resistant disease, transmission of disease by global travel . . . there's no shortage of challenges facing America's public health officials. Men and women preparing to enter the field require state-of-the-art training to meet these increasing threats to the public health. But are the programs they rely on provide the high caliber professional training they require? Who Will Keep the Public Healthy? provides an overview of the past, present, and future of public health education, assessing its readiness to provide the training and education needed to prepare men and women to face 21st century challenges. Advocating an ecological approach to public health, the Institute of Medicine examines the role of public health schools and degree-granting programs, medical schools, nursing schools, and government agencies, as well as other institutions that foster public health education and leadership. Specific recommendations address the content of public health education, qualifications for faculty, availability of supervised practice, opportunities for cross-disciplinary research and education, cooperation with government agencies, and government funding for education. Eight areas of critical importance to public health education in the 21st century are examined in depth: informatics, genomics, communication, cultural competence, community-based participatory research, global health, policy and law, and public health ethics. The book also includes a discussion of the policy implications of its ecological framework.
