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Governance Of Automated Decision Making And Eu Law
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Book Synopsis Governance of Automated Decision-Making and EU Law by :
Download or read book Governance of Automated Decision-Making and EU Law written by and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-08-22 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governance of Automated Decision-Making and EU Law presents a comprehensive and nuanced exploration of the intricate relationship between technological innovation and democratic governance in Europe. Focused on preserving constitutional values within the European Union, the book rigorously examines the profound impact of information technologies on rule-making and decision-making processes. The dual objectives of the volume are to comprehensively explore the impact of innovative information technologies on the EU's public law and to devise future-proof regulatory strategies in the face of rapid technological advancements. Addressing the spread of information technology and automated decision-making processes across EU policy sectors, the work delves into potential risks to democratic principles and accountability standards. Advocating for a comprehensive approach, the volume integrates legal, policy, and technological considerations to establish accountability standards for automated decision-making systems. Tailored for academics, researchers, and policymakers, Governance of Automated Decision-Making and EU Law provides a vital resource for understanding the complexities and opportunities associated with the digitalization of shared administration in the EU. It contributes significantly to the ongoing discourse on safeguarding constitutional values and principles of good governance in the digital era. The findings underscore the interconnectedness of information systems across EU-regulated policy areas and the risks posed by automated decision-making systems. Urging attention to transparency and accountability, the book addresses these concerns through eleven chapters, offering insights into normative requirements, administrative procedures, market regulation, digital health, borders and immigration, political advertising, interoperability framework, AI technology, and their intersection with legal principles. This is an open-access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
Book Synopsis The Rule of Law and Automated Decision-Making by : Markku Suksi
Download or read book The Rule of Law and Automated Decision-Making written by Markku Suksi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-24 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents observations concerning automated decision-making from a general point of view at the same time as it analyses the manner in which praxis in some jurisdictions has evolved as concerns automated decision-making and how the requirements that are placed by the legal orders on it are formulated. The principle of the rule of law should apply in the context of automated decision-making of public authorities just as much as when the decision-makers are physical persons. In sync with increasing automatization of decision-making in public authorities, problematizing questions about the appropriate legal basis for algorithmic decision-making have started emerge. How should the principle of the rule of law apply within the area of automated decision-making, how should automated decision-making be regulated so that it satisfies the requirements created by the principle of the rule of law, and how should the principle of the rule of law be made concrete in decision-making that is based on algorithms? The proposal for an AI Act launched by the European Commission in April 2021, including an identification of high-risk uses of algorithmic techniques, raises further questions concerning practices and interpretations related to automated decision-making. The state based on the rule of law proceeds from the maxim that public powers are exercised within a legal frame that makes the exercise of public powers foreseeable in light of legal norms. Also, a state based on the rule of law requires that the contents of the exercise of public powers is regulated by legal norms, which means that the citizens must be able to know everything that is relevant about how the powers will be exercised, not only who it is that will exercise the powers. Because of rules and principles of this kind, including non-discrimination and proportionality, the exercise of powers will not become arbitrary.
Book Synopsis Automated Decision-Making and Effective Remedies by : Simona Demková
Download or read book Automated Decision-Making and Effective Remedies written by Simona Demková and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-08-14 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book explores the legal and practical challenges created by the increasingly automated decision-making procedures underpinning EU multilevel cooperation, for example, in the fields of border control and law enforcement. It argues that such procedures impact not only the rights to privacy and data protection, but fundamentally challenge the EU constitutional promise of effective judicial protection
Book Synopsis Governmental Automated Decision-Making and Human Rights by : Stefan Schäferling
Download or read book Governmental Automated Decision-Making and Human Rights written by Stefan Schäferling and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-08 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the growing capabilities of artificial intelligence, governments are integrating AI technologies into administrative and even judicial decision-making, aiding and in some cases even replacing human decision-makers. Predictive policing, automated benefits administration, and automated risk assessment in criminal sentencing are but a few prominent examples of a general trend. While the turn towards governmental automated decision-making promises to reduce the impact of human biases and produce efficiency gains, reducing the human element in governmental decision-making also entails significant risks. This book analyses these risks through a comparative constitutional law and human rights lens, examining US law, German law, and international human rights law. It also highlights the structural challenges that automation poses for legal systems built on the assumption of exclusively human decision-making. Special attention is paid to the question whether existing law can adequately address the lack of transparency in governmental automated decision-making, its discriminatory processes and outcomes, as well as its fundamental challenge to human agency. Building on that analysis, it proposes a path towards securing the values of human dignity and agency at the heart of democratic societies and the rule of law in an increasingly automated world. This book will be of interest to researchers and scholars focusing on the evolving relationship of law and technology as well as human rights scholars. Further, it represents a valuable contribution to the debate on the regulation of artificial intelligence and the role human rights can play in that process.
Book Synopsis Algorithms and Law by : Martin Ebers
Download or read book Algorithms and Law written by Martin Ebers and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-23 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring issues from big-data to robotics, this volume is the first to comprehensively examine the regulatory implications of AI technology.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Administrative Law by : Peter Cane
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Administrative Law written by Peter Cane and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2021-01-17 with total page 1169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this Handbook, distinguished experts in the field of administrative law discuss a wide range of issues from a comparative perspective. The book covers the historical beginnings of comparative administrative law scholarship, and discusses important methodological issues and basic concepts such as administrative power and accountability.
Book Synopsis Standards for the Control of Algorithmic Bias by : Natalie Heisler
Download or read book Standards for the Control of Algorithmic Bias written by Natalie Heisler and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-07-04 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governments around the world use machine learning in automated decision-making systems for a broad range of functions. However, algorithmic bias in machine learning can result in automated decisions that produce disparate impact and may compromise Charter guarantees of substantive equality. This book seeks to answer the question: what standards should be applied to machine learning to mitigate disparate impact in government use of automated decision-making? The regulatory landscape for automated decision-making, in Canada and across the world, is far from settled. Legislative and policy models are emerging, and the role of standards is evolving to support regulatory objectives. While acknowledging the contributions of leading standards development organizations, the authors argue that the rationale for standards must come from the law and that implementing such standards would help to reduce future complaints by, and would proactively enable human rights protections for, those subject to automated decision-making. The book presents a proposed standards framework for automated decision-making and provides recommendations for its implementation in the context of the government of Canada’s Directive on Automated Decision-Making. As such, this book can assist public agencies around the world in developing and deploying automated decision-making systems equitably as well as being of interest to businesses that utilize automated decision-making processes.
Book Synopsis The Automated State by : Janina Boughey
Download or read book The Automated State written by Janina Boughey and published by . This book was released on 2021-06-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Algorithmic Governance and Governance of Algorithms by : Martin Ebers
Download or read book Algorithmic Governance and Governance of Algorithms written by Martin Ebers and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algorithms are now widely employed to make decisions that have increasingly far-reaching impacts on individuals and society as a whole (“algorithmic governance”), which could potentially lead to manipulation, biases, censorship, social discrimination, violations of privacy, property rights, and more. This has sparked a global debate on how to regulate AI and robotics (“governance of algorithms”). This book discusses both of these key aspects: the impact of algorithms, and the possibilities for future regulation.
Book Synopsis Algorithmic Regulation by : Karen Yeung
Download or read book Algorithmic Regulation written by Karen Yeung and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-09-05 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the power and sophistication of of 'big data' and predictive analytics has continued to expand, so too has policy and public concern about the use of algorithms in contemporary life. This is hardly surprising given our increasing reliance on algorithms in daily life, touching policy sectors from healthcare, transport, finance, consumer retail, manufacturing education, and employment through to public service provision and the operation of the criminal justice system. This has prompted concerns about the need and importance of holding algorithmic power to account, yet it is far from clear that existing legal and other oversight mechanisms are up to the task. This collection of essays, edited by two leading regulatory governance scholars, offers a critical exploration of 'algorithmic regulation', understood both as a means for co-ordinating and regulating social action and decision-making, as well as the need for institutional mechanisms through which the power of algorithms and algorithmic systems might themselves be regulated. It offers a unique perspective that is likely to become a significant reference point for the ever-growing debates about the power of algorithms in daily life in the worlds of research, policy and practice. The range of contributors are drawn from a broad range of disciplinary perspectives including law, public administration, applied philosophy, data science and artificial intelligence. Taken together, they highlight the rise of algorithmic power, the potential benefits and risks associated with this power, the way in which Sheila Jasanoff's long-standing claim that 'technology is politics' has been thrown into sharp relief by the speed and scale at which algorithmic systems are proliferating, and the urgent need for wider public debate and engagement of their underlying values and value trade-offs, the way in which they affect individual and collective decision-making and action, and effective and legitimate mechanisms by and through which algorithmic power is held to account.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Algorithmic Government by : Rajan Gupta
Download or read book Introduction to Algorithmic Government written by Rajan Gupta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-22 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world is changing at a fast pace, so is the Government and Governance style. Humans are bound to go for Algorithmic strategies rather than manual or electronic ones in different domains. This book introduces the Algorithmic Government or Government by Algorithm, which refers to authorizing machines in the Public Sector for automated decision-making based on Artificial Intelligence, Data Science, and other technologies. It is an emerging concept introduced globally and will be considered revolutionary in the future. The book covers concepts, applications, progress status, and potential use-cases of Algorithmic Government. This book serves as introductory material for the readers from technology, public policy, administration, and management fields.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of the Law of Algorithms by : Woodrow Barfield
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of the Law of Algorithms written by Woodrow Barfield and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-05 with total page 1327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algorithms are a fundamental building block of artificial intelligence - and, increasingly, society - but our legal institutions have largely failed to recognize or respond to this reality. The Cambridge Handbook of the Law of Algorithms, which features contributions from US, EU, and Asian legal scholars, discusses the specific challenges algorithms pose not only to current law, but also - as algorithms replace people as decision makers - to the foundations of society itself. The work includes wide coverage of the law as it relates to algorithms, with chapters analyzing how human biases have crept into algorithmic decision-making about who receives housing or credit, the length of sentences for defendants convicted of crimes, and many other decisions that impact constitutionally protected groups. Other issues covered in the work include the impact of algorithms on the law of free speech, intellectual property, and commercial and human rights law.
Download or read book Group Privacy written by Linnet Taylor and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-28 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of the book is to present the latest research on the new challenges of data technologies. It will offer an overview of the social, ethical and legal problems posed by group profiling, big data and predictive analysis and of the different approaches and methods that can be used to address them. In doing so, it will help the reader to gain a better grasp of the ethical and legal conundrums posed by group profiling. The volume first maps the current and emerging uses of new data technologies and clarifies the promises and dangers of group profiling in real life situations. It then balances this with an analysis of how far the current legal paradigm grants group rights to privacy and data protection, and discusses possible routes to addressing these problems. Finally, an afterword gathers the conclusions reached by the different authors and discuss future perspectives on regulating new data technologies.
Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence in Society by : OECD
Download or read book Artificial Intelligence in Society written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-11 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The artificial intelligence (AI) landscape has evolved significantly from 1950 when Alan Turing first posed the question of whether machines can think. Today, AI is transforming societies and economies. It promises to generate productivity gains, improve well-being and help address global challenges, such as climate change, resource scarcity and health crises.
Book Synopsis Powering the Digital Economy: Opportunities and Risks of Artificial Intelligence in Finance by : El Bachir Boukherouaa
Download or read book Powering the Digital Economy: Opportunities and Risks of Artificial Intelligence in Finance written by El Bachir Boukherouaa and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-10-22 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the impact of the rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in the financial sector. It highlights the benefits these technologies bring in terms of financial deepening and efficiency, while raising concerns about its potential in widening the digital divide between advanced and developing economies. The paper advances the discussion on the impact of this technology by distilling and categorizing the unique risks that it could pose to the integrity and stability of the financial system, policy challenges, and potential regulatory approaches. The evolving nature of this technology and its application in finance means that the full extent of its strengths and weaknesses is yet to be fully understood. Given the risk of unexpected pitfalls, countries will need to strengthen prudential oversight.
Book Synopsis EU Internet Law by : Tatiana-Eleni Synodinou
Download or read book EU Internet Law written by Tatiana-Eleni Synodinou and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-09 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of recent and future legal developments concerning the digital era, to examine the extent to which law has or will further evolve in order to adapt to its new digitalized context. More specifically it focuses on some of the most important legal issues found in areas directly connected with the Internet, such as intellectual property, data protection, consumer law, criminal law and cybercrime, media law and, lastly, the enforcement and application of law. By adopting this horizontal approach, it highlights – on the basis of analysis and commentary of recent and future EU legislation as well as of the latest CJEU and ECtHR case law – the numerous challenges faced by law in this new digital era. This book is of great interest to academics, students, researchers, practitioners and policymakers specializing in Internet law, data protection, intellectual property, consumer law, media law and cybercrime as well as to judges dealing with the application and enforcement of Internet law in practice.
Book Synopsis Algorithmic Impact Assessments Under the GDPR by : Margot E. Kaminski
Download or read book Algorithmic Impact Assessments Under the GDPR written by Margot E. Kaminski and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policy-makers, scholars, and commentators are increasingly concerned with the risks of using profiling algorithms and automated decision-making. The EU's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has tried to address these concerns through an array of regulatory tools. As one of us has argued, the GDPR combines individual rights with systemic governance, towards algorithmic accountability. The individual tools are largely geared towards individual “legibility”: making the decision-making system understandable to an individual invoking her rights. The systemic governance tools, instead, focus on bringing expertise and oversight into the system as a whole, and rely on the tactics of “collaborative governance,” that is, use public-private partnerships towards these goals. How these two approaches to transparency and accountability interact remains a largely unexplored question, with much of the legal literature focusing instead on whether there is an individual right to explanation.The GDPR contains an array of systemic accountability tools. Of these tools, impact assessments (Art. 35) have recently received particular attention on both sides of the Atlantic, as a means of implementing algorithmic accountability at early stages of design, development, and training. The aim of this paper is to address how a Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA) links the two faces of the GDPR's approach to algorithmic accountability: individual rights and systemic collaborative governance. We address the relationship between DPIAs and individual transparency rights. We propose, too, that impact assessments link the GDPR's two methods of governing algorithmic decision-making by both providing systemic governance and serving as an important “suitable safeguard” (Art. 22) of individual rights.After noting the potential shortcomings of DPIAs, this paper closes with a call -- and some suggestions -- for a Model Algorithmic Impact Assessment in the context of the GDPR. Our examination of DPIAs suggests that the current focus on the right to explanation is too narrow. We call, instead, for data controllers to consciously use the required DPIA process to produce what we call “multi-layered explanations” of algorithmic systems. This concept of multi-layered explanations not only more accurately describes what the GDPR is attempting to do, but also normatively better fills potential gaps between the GDPR's two approaches to algorithmic accountability.
