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Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Gnrh After Timed Insemination To Increase Pregnancy Rates In Dairy Cattle
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Book Synopsis Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) After Timed-insemination to Increase Pregnancy Rates in Dairy Cattle by : Divakar Ambrose
Download or read book Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) After Timed-insemination to Increase Pregnancy Rates in Dairy Cattle written by Divakar Ambrose and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis GnRH After Timed-insemination to Increase Pregnancy Rates in Dairy Cattle by : Divakar Ambrose
Download or read book GnRH After Timed-insemination to Increase Pregnancy Rates in Dairy Cattle written by Divakar Ambrose and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Optimizing a Timed Artificial Insemination Protocol in Lactating Dairy Cows by : Denise Joanne Brusveen
Download or read book Optimizing a Timed Artificial Insemination Protocol in Lactating Dairy Cows written by Denise Joanne Brusveen and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bovine Reproduction by : Richard M. Hopper
Download or read book Bovine Reproduction written by Richard M. Hopper and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-08-18 with total page 2206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bovine Reproduction is a comprehensive, current reference providing information on all aspects of reproduction in the bull and cow. Offering fundamental knowledge on evaluating and restoring fertility in the bovine patient, the book also places information in the context of herd health where appropriate for a truly global view of bovine theriogenology. Printed in full color throughout, the book includes 83 chapters and more than 550 images, making it the most exhaustive reference available on this topic. Each section covers anatomy and physiology, breeding management, and reproductive surgery, as well as obstetrics and pregnancy wastage in the cow. Bovine Reproduction is a welcome resource for bovine practitioners, theriogenologists, and animal scientists, as well as veterinary students and residents with an interest in the cow.
Book Synopsis Regulation of Implantation and Establishment of Pregnancy in Mammals by : Rodney D. Geisert
Download or read book Regulation of Implantation and Establishment of Pregnancy in Mammals written by Rodney D. Geisert and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-08 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past few decades technological advances in transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and glycomics along with the ability to selectively knockout genes of interest has greatly advanced our understanding of maternal-conceptus interactions that are essential for the establishment and maintenance of a successful pregnancy. This knowledge provides a foundation from which to build research endeavors to help resolve infertility, embryonic loss and recurrent abortion in humans, captive wild animals and important farm species. The present volume on “Regulation of Implantation and Establishment of Pregnancy in Mammals” brings together current reviews from leading experts to address the diversity of mechanisms by which species establish and maintain pregnancy. Implantation in rodents, dogs, pigs, cattle, sheep, horses, primates, humans and embryonic diapause in wild species are discussed. Reviews will provide current knowledge on the role of endometrial steroid receptors, adhesion factors, cytokines, interferons, steroids, prostaglandins, growth factors and immune cells involved with regulation of conceptus development.
Book Synopsis Human Chorionic Gonadotropin and Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Influence Pregnancy Survival and Resynchronized Ovulation Before Timed Artificial Insemination in Holstein Cattle by :
Download or read book Human Chorionic Gonadotropin and Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Influence Pregnancy Survival and Resynchronized Ovulation Before Timed Artificial Insemination in Holstein Cattle written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study was performed to determine the minimum effective dose of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) needed to induce ovulation of follicles in cattle (Exp. 1). Another study determined the effects of replacing the first injection of GnRH (d -7) with hCG or saline in a Resynch-Ovsynch protocol [injection of GnRH 7 d before and 48 h after PGF[subscript2alpha] before a resynchronized fixed-timed AI (TAI)] on pregnancy rates in cows diagnosed not pregnant and pregnancy survival in cows diagnosed pregnant (d 0; Exp. 2). A final study determined the ovulation potential of hCG compared with GnRH and saline (Exp. 3). In Exp. 1, ovaries of Holstein cows were mapped by using transrectal ultrasonography 7 d before pregnancy diagnosis. Cows were assigned to treatments of saline, 100 [Mu]g of GnRH, or 500, 1,000, 2,000, or 3,000 IU of hCG. Ovarian structures were monitored 7 d later and proportion of cows and follicles that ovulated were recorded. In Exp. 2, cows in 4 herds were assigned to treatments of 1,000 IU of hCG, 100 [Mu]g of GnRH, or left as untreated controls 7 d before pregnancy diagnosis. Nonpregnant cows were given PGF[subscript2alpha] (d 0), then inseminated 72 h later, concurrent with a GnRH injection. Pregnancy rates tended (P = 0.08) to be increased by GnRH (17.9%; n = 703) compared with control (12.9%; n = 505), but not hCG (16.5%; n = 541). Incidences of ovulation in nonpregnant cows (Exp. 3) were: hCG (51.6%; n = 126), GnRH (46.1%; n = 102), and control (28.1%; n = 96), whereas those in pregnant cows were: hCG (59.3%; n = 59), GnRH (24.5%; n = 49), and control (6.9%; n = 58). We concluded that: 1) a minimum dose of 1,000 IU of hCG resulted in a greater ovulatory response than saline, GnRH, or 500 IU of hCG (Exp. 1); 2) initiating a Resynch-Ovsynch protocol 7 d before pregnancy diagnosis with saline reduced timed AI pregnancy rates (Exp. 2); and 3) incidence of new CL was greater after hCG than GnRH in pregnant cows, but not in nonpregnant cows (Exp. 3).
Book Synopsis Large Dairy Herd Management by : H. H. Van Horn
Download or read book Large Dairy Herd Management written by H. H. Van Horn and published by American Dairy Science Association. This book was released on 1992 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Hormonal Protocals for Synchronization of Ovulation and Timed Artificial Insemination in Dairy Heifers by : Humberto Rivera
Download or read book Development of Hormonal Protocals for Synchronization of Ovulation and Timed Artificial Insemination in Dairy Heifers written by Humberto Rivera and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Use of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone to Improve Fertility in "repeat Breeder" Dairy Cows by : Emmauel Maurice
Download or read book Use of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone to Improve Fertility in "repeat Breeder" Dairy Cows written by Emmauel Maurice and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synchronization of Ovulation in Dairy Cattle by : James Richard Pursley
Download or read book Synchronization of Ovulation in Dairy Cattle written by James Richard Pursley and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synchronization of Follicular Wave Emergence, Luteal Regression, and Ovulation for Fixed-time Artificial Insemination in Beef Cows and Heifers by : Kyle Jeffrey Stutts
Download or read book Synchronization of Follicular Wave Emergence, Luteal Regression, and Ovulation for Fixed-time Artificial Insemination in Beef Cows and Heifers written by Kyle Jeffrey Stutts and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two experiments tested the efficacy of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) or estradiol cypionate (ECP) administration in combination with controlled internal drug release (CIDR) inserts on pregnancy rate to fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) in beef heifers. In the first experiment, heifers in the two ECP groups received ECP in conjunction with the CIDR insert. The CIDR insert was removed and PGF was administered on either d 7 or 9. Heifers received ECP 24 h after CIDR removal and were inseminated 30 h after ECP. Heifers in the two GnRH groups received GnRH in conjunction with the CIDR insert. Heifers received PGF on either d 6 or 7, and the CIDR insert was removed on d 7. Heifers were inseminated and received GnRH 48 h after CIDR removal. Pregnancy rates to FTAI were higher for heifers treated with GnRH. Pregnancy rate to FTAI was highest for heifers in the GnRH group that received PGF on d 6 and was lowest for the group that received ECP in combination with a 7-d CIDR insert. In the second experiment, heifers received GnRH in conjunction with the CIDR insert. CIDR inserts were removed and PGF was administered on d 7. Heifers were inseminated 60 h later, with one group receiving GnRH at insemination. Pregnancy rate to FTAI was higher for heifers that received GnRHat insemination. The final experiment tested the efficacy of estradiol 17 _(E17) or GnRH in combination with a CIDR insert on pregnancy rate to FTAI in Brahman cows. Either E17 or GnRH was administered in conjunction with the CIDR insert. CIDR inserts were removed on d 7. Cows in the GnRH group received PGF on d 6 and GnRH at insemination which occurred 48 h after CIDR removal. Cows in the E17 group received PGF on d 7, E17 24 h later, and were inseminated 30h after E17 administration. Pregnancy rate to FTAI was higher for cows treated with E17. These data indicate acceptable pregnancy rates were obtained when the CIDR insert was combined with either GnRH in beef heifers or with E17 in Brahman cows.
Book Synopsis Increasing Pregnancy Rates in Dairy Cows Through the Use of Chronic Administration of a GnRH Agonist by : Alan M. Willmore
Download or read book Increasing Pregnancy Rates in Dairy Cows Through the Use of Chronic Administration of a GnRH Agonist written by Alan M. Willmore and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of the present studies were to determine if chronic administration of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist, Deslorelin, would increase circulating progesterone (P4) concentrations and subsequently increase pregnancy rates in dairy cattle. Administration of Deslorelin for 12 days increased luteal volume and circulating P4 concentrations in primiparous dairy cows, but increased only luteal volumes in multiparous cows. Treatment with Deslorelin increased day 45 pregnancy rates in cows compared to untreated controls. Chronic treatment with Deslorelin in dairy cattle; 1) increased luteal volume of the primary CL; 2) induced accessory CL; 3) increased circulating P4 concentration; 4) did not lengthen the estrous cycle; and 5) increased pregnancy rates. This hormonal strategy may represent a suitable model to address local effects of P4 and GnRH/luteinizing hormone on uterine environment and embryonic survival.
Book Synopsis Improving Dairy Cattle Fertility by : Jennifer A. Spencer
Download or read book Improving Dairy Cattle Fertility written by Jennifer A. Spencer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In cattle, early embryonic loss may occur due to the premature secretion of prostaglandin F2a (PGF2a) during days 14-16 after fertilization. The objective of the first experiment in this study was to determine aspirin's effects on PGF2a during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle in lactating dairy cows by characterizing blood plasma prostaglandin metabolites (PGFM) and progesterone (P4) concentrations. Aspirin decreased PGFM for 30 hours after last bolus administration and increased the day to luteolysis. The objective of the second experiment was to determine the effectiveness of the initial gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in a 5-day CIDR (controlled internal drug releasing inserts)-Cosynch resynchronization protocol on fertility to second insemination in lactating dairy cows. No differences in pregnancy rate per artificial insemination (PR/AI) were observed between no GnRH (treatment) and GnRH (control) for the second insemination. Indicating that GnRH may not be necessary at the initiation of a CIDR-Cosynch resynchronization protocol.
Book Synopsis Veterinary Epidemiologic Research by : Ian Robert Dohoo
Download or read book Veterinary Epidemiologic Research written by Ian Robert Dohoo and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 865 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synchronization and Ovarian Development in Dairy Cows and Heifers by : Rebecca L. J. Coral Escalante
Download or read book Synchronization and Ovarian Development in Dairy Cows and Heifers written by Rebecca L. J. Coral Escalante and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reproductive management is an important factor for improving reproductive efficiency in the dairy industry. Reproductive efficiency affects the profitability of the dairy herd by decreasing days not pregnant and increasing milk produced in a cow's lifetime. There are many reproductive programs used to synchronize the estrous cycle. Prostaglandin F2[alpha] (PGF2[alpha])-based programs synchronize estrus before artificial insemination (AI) after observed estrus. Some disadvantages to PGF2[alpha]-based reproductive programs are time requirements necessary for estrus detection (2 to 3 times/d for about 30 min) and lack of estrus activity observed in dairy cows (only about 40% will show estrus). An advantage to PGF2[alpha]-based reproductive programs is acceptable conception rates (about 45 to 60%) that can surpass timed AI (TAI). Reproductive programs that employ TAI are achieved by synchronization of ovulation with a series of PGF2[alpha] and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) injections followed by insemination 16 h later. Some of the advantages to synchronization of ovulation followed by TAI are: no estrus detection and acceptable conception rates (40 to 50%). Many reproductive programs include a presynchronization step. The advantage to presynchronization is a tightened synchrony by getting more cows and heifers in the same stage of the estrous cycle before estrous synchronization and AI or TAI. There are a variety of presynchronization methods used in cattle. One of the most common programs is two injections of PGF2[alpha] 14 d apart 12 d before initiation of Ovsynch (d 0 GnRH, 7 d, PGF2[alpha], 56 h, GnRH, 16 h, TAI) (Moreira et al., 2001). Another is double Ovsynch where the Ovsynch program is administered 7 d before another Ovsynch program (Giordano et al., 2012). Long-term progestogens can also be used as a means to presynchronize the estrous cycle and has been successful in beef cows and heifers. Long term progestogens, such as a CIDR (controlled internal drug release) for 14 d, will suppress estrus, inhibit ovulation, and induce the development of a persistent dominant follicle that can ovulate after CIDR removal (Ahmad et al., 1995; Revah and Butler, 1996; Roche et al., 1999). Ovulation of the dominant follicle allows for cows and heifers to be late in the luteal stage of the estrous cycle before PGF2[alpha] and AI or PGF2[alpha], 56 h, GnRH, 16 h, TAI. Presynchronization has shown to decrease the days to pregnancy. This is an advantage because it will directly affect the number of days a cow is not pregnant and the amount of milk she will produce in her lifetime. The objective of this research was to evaluate pregnancies per AI, ovarian follicular and luteal development of postpartum dairy cows and dairy heifers in response to long term progestin-based programs (14dCIDR) compared with PGF2[alpha]-based programs. Experiment 1 (Chapter 2) evaluated the use of a 14dCIDR-PGF2[alpha] program to a PGF2[alpha]-alone program for synchronizing dairy heifers before AI. Heifers were examined by real-time ultrasonography during treatment to assess the ovarian response. Heifers were also monitored for estrus following presynchronization and treatment of PGF2[alpha] to assess ovulation response. The 14dCIDR-PGF2[alpha] system resulted in more heifers with a larger CL at the time of PGF2[alpha]. This is ideal because of the greater luteolytic effects of PGF2[alpha] has on a more mature CL. The 14dCIDR-PGF2[alpha] heifers were AI and became pregnant sooner compared with the PGF2[alpha]-alone heifers. Experiment 2 (Chapter 3) evaluated the use of a 14dCIDR_TAI program compared with a PGF2[alpha]-based program in grazing dairy cows. The 14dCIDR_TAI program employed synchronization of ovulation before TAI and the PGF2[alpha]-based program employed synchronization of estrus with AI after observed estrus. The evaluation of reproductive efficiency for each program was examined. Cows assigned to the 14dCIDR_TAI program were AI early in the breeding season and were all AI by the end the breeding season compared with the PGF2[alpha]-based program. The PGF2[alpha]-based program had a greater first service conception rate (FSCR) compared with the 14dCIDR_TAI program but did not achieve a greater number of pregnancies after two inseminations. Experiment 3 (Chapter 4) evaluated the use of a 14dCIDR_TAI program compared with another common TAI program (Presynch-Oysynch56) in postpartum lactating dairy cows. Follicular dynamics and luteal development were monitored in both programs. Each program was evaluated for effectiveness to presynchronize the estrous cycle and establish pregnancy. The 14dCIDR_TAI and the Presynch-Ovsynch56 programs were comparable in their effectiveness to presynchronize the estrous cycle and establish pregnancy in cows that were cycling. Non-cycling cows treated with the Presynch-Ovsynch56 program had lesser conception rate compared with those that were cycling. There was no difference in conception rate with non-cycling or cycling cows treated with the 14dCIDR_TAI. Experiment 4 (Chapter 5) evaluated the use of the 14dCIDR_TAI program with or without PGF2[alpha] at CIDR removal. It is possible for cows to still have a CL after the end of the 14dCIDR treatment either due to longer estrous cycles or the cow was early in her estrous cycle when the CIDR was inserted. The addition of PGF2[alpha] may help improve the synchrony and conception rates after presynchronization of the estrous cycle before TAI. The addition of the PGF2[alpha] at CIDR removal demonstrated an increase in the number of cows that showed estrus after presynchronization but conception rates were comparable. Overall, the use of the 14dCIDR as means to presynchronize the estrous cycle has been demonstrated as an effective way to enhance the synchrony and decrease the interval to pregnancy in dairy cows and heifers.
Book Synopsis Using Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH) to Improve Dairy Cattle Conception Rates in the Tropics by :
Download or read book Using Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH) to Improve Dairy Cattle Conception Rates in the Tropics written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reproductive Technologies in Farm Animals, 2nd Edition by : Ian Gordon
Download or read book Reproductive Technologies in Farm Animals, 2nd Edition written by Ian Gordon and published by CABI. This book was released on 2017-06-23 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on the successful structure of the first edition, the second edition of Reproductive Technologies in Farm Animals has been totally updated and revised to provide an up to date account of the key techniques employed in manipulating reproduction in farm animals, including beef and dairy cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, buffaloes, camelids, horses and poultry. A classic introductory text to the subject, the book is based on a comprehensive review of the current literature. This text remains key reading for students in animal science, agriculture, veterinary medicine and biology, and veterinary practitioners and farmers who wish to keep updated on developments in techniques that may be useful in their daily practice.
