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Author : Peter W. Glynn
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Global ecological consequences of the 1982-83 El Nino-Southern Oscillation written by Peter W. Glynn and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : P.W. Glynn
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 9780080870908
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (79 download)
Download or read book Global Ecological Consequences of the 1982-83 El Niño-Southern Oscillation written by P.W. Glynn and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1990-09-06 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El Niño is a meteorologic/oceanographic phenomenon that occurs sporadically (every few years) at low latitudes. It is felt particularly strongly in the eastern Pacific region, notably from the equator southwards along the coasts of Ecuador and Peru. The El Niño is a component of the ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) which accentuates the intimate and causal connection between atmospheric and marine processes. Obvious manifestations of El Niño in the eastern Pacific are anomalous warming of the sea; reduced upwelling; a marked decline in fisheries, and high rainfall with frequent flooding. The 1982/83 El Niño was exceptionally severe, and was probably the strongest warming of the equatorial Pacific Ocean to occur during this century. The warming was intense and spread over large parts of the Pacific Ocean and penetrated to greater depths than usual. Many eastern Pacific coral reefs that had exhibited uninterrupted growth for several hundred years until 1983 were devasted by the disturbance and are now in an erosional mode. Marine species were adversely affected. The consequent depletion of the plant food base resulted in significant reductions in stocks of fish, squid etc. This led to a mass migration and near-total reproductive failure of marine birds at Christmas Island. Emphasis in this volume is placed on disturbances to benthic communities; littoral populations; terrestrial communities and extratropical regions.
Author : Michael J. McPhaden
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119548128
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)
Download or read book El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate written by Michael J. McPhaden and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-11-24 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive and up-to-date information on Earth’s most dominant year-to-year climate variation The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific Ocean has major worldwide social and economic consequences through its global scale effects on atmospheric and oceanic circulation, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and other natural systems. Ongoing climate change is projected to significantly alter ENSO's dynamics and impacts. El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate presents the latest theories, models, and observations, and explores the challenges of forecasting ENSO as the climate continues to change. Volume highlights include: Historical background on ENSO and its societal consequences Review of key El Niño (ENSO warm phase) and La Niña (ENSO cold phase) characteristics Mathematical description of the underlying physical processes that generate ENSO variations Conceptual framework for understanding ENSO changes on decadal and longer time scales, including the response to greenhouse gas forcing ENSO impacts on extreme ocean, weather, and climate events, including tropical cyclones, and how ENSO affects fisheries and the global carbon cycle Advances in modeling, paleo-reconstructions, and operational climate forecasting Future projections of ENSO and its impacts Factors influencing ENSO events, such as inter-basin climate interactions and volcanic eruptions The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about this book from this Q&A with the editors.
Author : Peter W. Glynn
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 563 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (253 download)
Download or read book Global ecological consequences of the 1982-83 El Nino-Southern Oscillation written by Peter W. Glynn and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David Hopley
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 904812638X
Total Pages : 1226 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Modern Coral Reefs written by David Hopley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-26 with total page 1226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral reefs are the largest landforms built by plants and animals. Their study therefore incorporates a wide range of disciplines. This encyclopedia approaches coral reefs from an earth science perspective, concentrating especially on modern reefs. Currently coral reefs are under high stress, most prominently from climate change with changes to water temperature, sea level and ocean acidification particularly damaging. Modern reefs have evolved through the massive environmental changes of the Quaternary with long periods of exposure during glacially lowered sea level periods and short periods of interglacial growth. The entries in this encyclopedia condense the large amount of work carried out since Charles Darwin first attempted to understand reef evolution. Leading authorities from many countries have contributed to the entries covering areas of geology, geography and ecology, providing comprehensive access to the most up-to-date research on the structure, form and processes operating on Quaternary coral reefs.
Author : Fritz Trillmich
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642763987
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)
Download or read book Pinnipeds and El Niño written by Fritz Trillmich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El Niño is a meteorological and oceanographic phenomenon, which occurs at irregular intervals in the eastern tropical Pacific. Its most obvious characteristic is the warming of surface waters, which causes enormous disturbances of the marine environment. A severe Niño may also affect continental systems worldwide. This book gathers in a comprehensive way the information available on the effects of the exceptionally strong 1982-83 Niño on a group of marine mammals, the pinnipeds. It presents an analysis of the effects of environmental stress on the populations of top predators. Data and interpretations are based on a most unusual collection of long-term studies of pinniped population dynamics, behavior and ecology which spanned the El Niño event. The responses of pinniped populations to the El Niño disturbance of the marine ecosystem also has important implications for the management and conservation of marine mammal populations.
Author : R. Boje
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642669859
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (426 download)
Download or read book Upwelling Ecosystems written by R. Boje and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Upwelling areas are among the most fertile regions of the ocean. In principle, upwelling is caused by the divergence of the flow in the surface layer of the ocean which arises as a consequence of a particular wind field, the presence of a coastline, or other special conditions. Since deeper oceanic layers are usually enriched wi th nutrients, it is the permanent supply of nutrients which forms the basis for the high producti vi ty of upwelling reg ions. The study of upwelling and its consequences were, for a long time, the task of individual scientists from all disciplines of marine science. Today, it is perhaps the branch of oceanography where interdisciplinary coopera tion has developed best. Becoming aware of the large potential yield of upwelling regions, governments in creased the funds for upwelling research. With research activities developed on a larger scale, interdisciplin ary cooperation became a necessity. On the international level, several symposia documented the rapid development. Three volumes reflect the results of these scientific meetings (Rapp. Proc.-Verb. 159, 1970; Inv. Pesq. 35, 1, 1971; Tethys §.' 1-2, 1974). The present book contains selected papers from the Third Symposium on Upwelling Ecosystems, which was held in Kiel in September 1975. Although the third of a series of meetings, it was the first where the word "ecosystem" stood in the title for a scientific program.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309053420
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Learning to Predict Climate Variations Associated with El Nino and the Southern Oscillation written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-01-12 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The TOGA (Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere) Program was designed to study short-term climate variations. A 10-year international program, TOGA made El Nino a household word. This book chronicles the cooperative efforts of oceanographers and meteorologists, several U.S. government agencies, many other nations, and international scientific organizations to study El Nino and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO). It describes the progression from being unable to detect the development of large climate variations to being able to make and use rudimentary climate predictions, especially for some tropical countries. It examines the development of the TOGA Program, evaluates its accomplishments, describes U.S. participation in the program, and makes general recommendations for developing better understanding and predictions of climate variations on seasonal to interannual time scales.
Author : Martin L. Cody
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080535623
Total Pages : 621 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Long-Term Studies of Vertebrate Communities written by Martin L. Cody and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1996-10-24 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book synthesizes the ongoing long-term community ecology studies of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. The studies have been conducted from deserts to rainforests as well as in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine habitats and provide valuable insight that can be obtained only through persistent, diligent, and year-after-year investigation. Long-Term Studies of Vertebrate Communities is ideal for faculty, researchers, graduate students, and undergraduates in vertebrate biology, ecology, and evolutionary biology, including ecology, natural history, and systematics. Provides unique perspectives of community stability and variation Details the influence of natural and other perturbations on community structure Includes synopses by well-known authors Presents results from a broad range of vertebrate taxa Studies were conducted at different latitudes and in different habitats
Author : Nils Chr. Stenseth
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 019152316X
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)
Download or read book Marine Ecosystems and Climate Variation written by Nils Chr. Stenseth and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2005-05-19 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research level text focuses on the influence of climate variability on the marine ecosystems of the North Atlantic. The ecological impact of climate variability on population dynamics is addressed at the full range of trophic levels, from phytoplankton through zooplankton and fish to marine birds. Climate effects on biodiversity and community structure are also examined. 40 scientists from around the world synthesise what is currently known about how climate affects the ecological systems of the North Atlantic and then place these insights within a broader ecological perspective. Many of the general features of the North Atlantic region are also seen in other marine ecosystems as well as terrestrial and freshwater systems. The final section of the book makes these generalities more explicit, so as to stimulate communication and promote co-operation amongst researchers who may previously have worked in semi-isolation. The book comprises 5 main sections: background (general introduction, atmospheric and ocean climate of the North Atlantic, and modelling methodology), plankton populations (phytoplankton and zooplankton), fish and seabird populations, community ecology (phytoplankton, benthos and fish), and the final section consisting of six commentaries from scientists working in areas outside the North Atlantic marine sector. In order to enhance integration, a series of introductions link chapters and sections. Throughout the book, numerous examples highlight different aspects of ecology-climate interactions. They document recent progress and illustrate the challenges of trying to understand ecological processes and patterns in the light of climate variations.
Author : Cynthia Rosenzweig
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780198031475
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (314 download)
Download or read book Climate Variability and the Global Harvest written by Cynthia Rosenzweig and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-01-07 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Earth's climate is constantly changing. Some of the changes are progressive, while others fluctuate at various time scales. The El Ni?o-la Ni?a cycle is one such fluctuation that recurs every few years and has far-reaching impacts. It generally appears at least once per decade, but this may vary with our changing climate. The exact frequency, sequence, duration and intensity of El Ni?o's manifestations, as well as its effects and geographic distributions, are highly variable. The El Ni?o-la Ni?a cycle is particularly challenging to study due to its many interlinked phenomena that occur in various locations around the globe. These worldwide teleconnections are precisely what makes studying El Ni?o-la Ni?a so important. Cynthia Rosenzweig and Daniel Hillel describe the current efforts to develop and apply a global-to-regional approach to climate-risk management. They explain how atmospheric and social scientists are cooperating with agricultural practitioners in various regions around the world to determine how farmers may benefit most from new climate predictions. Specifically, the emerging ability to predict the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle offers the potential to transform agricultural planning worldwide. Biophysical scientists are only now beginning to recognize the large-scale, globally distributed impacts of ENSO on the probabilities of seasonal precipitation and temperature regimes. Meanwhile, social scientists have been researching how to disseminate forecasts more effectively within rural communities. Consequently, as the quality of climatic predictions have improved, the dissemination and presentation of forecasts have become more effective as well. This book explores the growing understanding of the interconnectedness of climate predictions and productive agriculture for sustainable development, as well as methods and models used to study this relationship.
Author : Richard B. Aronson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387335374
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (873 download)
Download or read book Geological Approaches to Coral Reef Ecology written by Richard B. Aronson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-09 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a unique perspective on the destruction - both natural and human-caused - of coral reef ecosystems. Reconstructing the ecological history of coral reefs, the authors evaluate whether recent dramatic changes are novel events or part of a long-term trend or cycle. The text combines principles of geophysics, paleontology, and marine sciences with real-time observation, examining the interacting causes of change: hurricane damage, predators, disease, rising sea-level, nutrient loading, global warming and ocean acidification. Predictions about the future of coral reefs inspire strategies for restoration and management of ecosystems. Useful for students and professionals in ecology and marine biology, including environmental managers.
Author : Michael H. Glantz
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521786720
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (867 download)
Download or read book Currents of Change written by Michael H. Glantz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Culture Bound is designed to give language teachers a basis for introducing a cultural component into their teaching. The articles give a perspective on how language and culture interact and explore in particular the difference between interacting with another culture and entering it: language students are encouraged to understand the new culture without necessarily embracing it. This selection brings together representative practical and theoretical material written by a variety of scholars and teachers in the field. The essays are organized under three headings: language, thought, and culture; cultural differences and similarities; and classroom applications. The collection as a whole brings both breadth and depth to a topic that has been strangely neglected despite its recognized importance.
Author : R.H. Karlson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781402010460
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Dynamics of Coral Communities written by R.H. Karlson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-10-31 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the dynamical processes influencing the structure of coral communities, some of the most biologically diverse communities on earth. A variety of biological and physical processes operating across an enormous range of spatiotemporal scales are highlighted (e.g., niche partitioning, biological interactions, disturbance phenomena, large-scale tectonic, eustatic, climatic, and oceanographic processes). The focus on the community provides a framework for presenting some of the best examples from the literature using multiple taxonomic groups (e.g., corals, fishes, encrusting invertebrates).
Author : Phillip A. Arkin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book 1982-1983 El Niño/Southern Oscillation Event written by Phillip A. Arkin and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Atlas is intended to facilitate the distribution to the interested scientific community of a set of maps and plots describing the course of the 1982/83 El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Event. All the contents are derived from the same operational data and analysis products used at the Climate Analysis Center to monitor the event. The chief goal of the Atlas is to present identically formatted maps and time/longitude cross sections of sea surface temperature (SST), lower and upper tropospheric circulation and outgoing longwave radiation.
Author : S. George Philander
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080570984
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book El Nino, La Nina, and the Southern Oscillation written by S. George Philander and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1989-12-14 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El Nino and the Southern Oscillation is by far the most striking phenomenon caused by the interplay of ocean and atmosphere. It can be explained neither in strictly oceanographic nor strictly meteorological terms. This volume provides a brief history of the subject, summarizes the oceanographic and meteorological observations and theories, and discusses the recent advances in computer modeling studies of the phenomenon. Includes a comprehensive and up-to-date research survey Discusses in detail sophisticated computer models Provides a clear exposition of the major problems which prevent more accurate predictions of El Nino
Author : Geological Society of London
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 9781862390744
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (97 download)
Download or read book Carbonate Platform Systems written by Geological Society of London and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2000 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
