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Germanium Nanocrystals Embedded In Sapphire
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Book Synopsis Germanium Nanocrystals Embedded in Sapphire by : K. M. Yu
Download or read book Germanium Nanocrystals Embedded in Sapphire written by K. M. Yu and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: {Sup 74}Ge nanocrystals are formed in a sapphire matrix by ion implantation followed by damage. Embedded nanocrystals experience large compressive stress relative to bulk, as embedded in sapphire melt very close to the bulk melting point (Tm = 936 C) whereas experience considerably lower stresses. Also, in situ TEM reveals that nanocrystals ion-beam-synthesized nanocrystals embedded in silica are observed to be spherical and measured by Raman spectroscopy of the zone center optical phonon. In contrast, reveals that the nanocrystals are faceted and have a bi-modal size distribution. Notably, the matrix remains crystalline despite the large implantation dose and corresponding thermal annealing. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of as-grown samples those embedded in silica exhibit a significant melting point hysteresis around T{sub m}.
Book Synopsis Germanium Nanocrystals Embedded in Sapphire by :
Download or read book Germanium Nanocrystals Embedded in Sapphire written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Sup 74]Ge nanocrystals are formed in a sapphire matrix by ion implantation followed by damage. Embedded nanocrystals experience large compressive stress relative to bulk, as embedded in sapphire melt very close to the bulk melting point (Tm = 936 C) whereas experience considerably lower stresses. Also, in situ TEM reveals that nanocrystals ion-beam-synthesized nanocrystals embedded in silica are observed to be spherical and measured by Raman spectroscopy of the zone center optical phonon. In contrast, reveals that the nanocrystals are faceted and have a bi-modal size distribution. Notably, the matrix remains crystalline despite the large implantation dose and corresponding thermal annealing. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of as-grown samples those embedded in silica exhibit a significant melting point hysteresis around T[sub m].
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Embedded Ge Nanocrystals by : Qing Xu
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Embedded Ge Nanocrystals written by Qing Xu and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crystalline Silicon by : Sukumar Basu
Download or read book Crystalline Silicon written by Sukumar Basu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-07-27 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The exciting world of crystalline silicon is the source of the spectacular advancement of discrete electronic devices and solar cells. The exploitation of ever changing properties of crystalline silicon with dimensional transformation may indicate more innovative silicon based technologies in near future. For example, the discovery of nanocrystalline silicon has largely overcome the obstacles of using silicon as optoelectronic material. The further research and development is necessary to find out the treasures hidden within this material. The book presents different forms of silicon material, their preparation and properties. The modern techniques to study the surface and interface defect states, dislocations, and so on, in different crystalline forms have been highlighted in this book. This book presents basic and applied aspects of different crystalline forms of silicon in wide range of information from materials to devices.
Book Synopsis Positron Studies of Silicon and Germanium Nanocrystals Embedded in Silicon Dioxide by : Xin Deng
Download or read book Positron Studies of Silicon and Germanium Nanocrystals Embedded in Silicon Dioxide written by Xin Deng and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Positron Studies of Silicon and Germanium Nanocrystals Embedded in Silicon Dioxide by : Xin Deng (M. Phil.)
Download or read book Positron Studies of Silicon and Germanium Nanocrystals Embedded in Silicon Dioxide written by Xin Deng (M. Phil.) and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterization and Manipulation of Ion Beam Synthesized Germanium Nanocrystals by : Ian David Sharp
Download or read book Characterization and Manipulation of Ion Beam Synthesized Germanium Nanocrystals written by Ian David Sharp and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structural Properties of Ge Nanocrystals Embedded InSapphire by :
Download or read book Structural Properties of Ge Nanocrystals Embedded InSapphire written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nanocrystalline Titanium Dioxide Solar Cells Sensitized with Germanium Quantum Dots by : Yinghong Miao
Download or read book Nanocrystalline Titanium Dioxide Solar Cells Sensitized with Germanium Quantum Dots written by Yinghong Miao and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Germanium quantum dots are a small band gap semiconductor. The band gap of bulk Ge is 0.66eV. It can absorb near infrared wavelength. Germanium has a large Bohr radius of 24.3nm. Therefore, the size of Ge can be easily tailored. Thus the absorption range of Germanium quantum dots could be broadened into the near infrared range and visible light range. In the solar cells, Germanium quantum dots are embedded in porous titanium dioxide wide band gap semiconductor. Ge quantum dots are used as sensitizers for the wide band gap semiconductor TiO 2 in the solar cells. RF magnetron sputtering is used for depositing TiO 2 -Ge nanocomposite thin films. The sputtering target is made by mixing the germanium and titanium oxide powders together. By X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray System(EDXS) characterization techniques, the microstructure and morphology of thin films are clearly observed. TiO 2 exists in the thin films as anatase titanium dioxide. Ge exists in the form of cubic germanium, not germanium oxide. Germanium dots are embedded in the titanium dioxide nanocrystals in thin film. The TiO 2 -Ge composite thin films are porous, as observed from TEM images. The Ge atomic concentration in the thin film is lower than that of the target studied by EDXS. Three sets of solar cells were made. First, the working electrode TiO 2 -Ge composite thin films were made from 45wt% Ge-55wt% TiO 2 target at 600°C. In the thin film microstructure, Ge quantum dots are embedded in the titanium dioxide nanocrystals matrix. The average particle sizes of Ge dots made at RF(radio frequency) power 100W, 125W and 150W are 13.11 nm, 24.9 nm and 21.29 nm, respectively. The concentration of germanium in the thin films made from these three different RF power is almost the same. It is about 20 atomic%. From the UV-VIS spectroscopy, Ge quantum dots in the thicker films absorb light in the visible range and near infrared range. Solar cells were successfully fabricated. The cells produced a small short circuit current. The open circuit voltage is between 0.34 V and 0.54 V. The photocurrent is very small. The highest efficiency is 0.0027% obtained. As the thickness of thin film increases, the cell performance improves. But the cell performance regresses with further thin film thickness increase. Second, the thin films were deposited at 600°C from the 9wt% Ge-91wt% TiO 2 target. In the thin films, Ge quantum dots are embedded in the titanium dioxide nanocrystals as observed by TEM. The average particle size of Ge dots at RF power 100W, 125W, and 150W are 12.2 nm, 9.45 nm and 10.99 nm, respectively. The average particle size of Ge dots is much smaller than the thin film deposited from 45wt% Ge-55wt% TiO 2 target. From the UV-VIS spectroscopy observations, the thicker thin films begin to absorb visible light by Ge quantum dots. The thinner films do not absorb light in the visible range. The cells made from the thin films successfully produced a small amount of photocurrent. The open circuit voltage is in the range of 0.18 V and 0.52 V. The photocurrent is very small. The highest efficiency is 0.0079%. As the thickness of thin film increases, the cell performance improves. But with further thickness increase, the cell performance regresses. Third, at 500°C, anatase titanium dioxide is still the main phase in the thin films. In the thin films produced at 450°C from 45wt% Ge-55wt% TiO 2, rutile titanium dioxide begins to form and becomes the dominant phase. At both 450°C and 500°C, Ge is in the form of germanium. Cells made from these thin films do not produce photocurrent. The I-V curve goes through the original point. Mostly, it is because the thin films are very porous which makes the electrolyte come in contact with ITO thin film. The Solar cells made from TiO 2 -Ge composite thin films gave a small current. Many of improvements are needed to get good efficiency from the cells. The energy in the infrared light comprises half the energy of the solar spectrum. A solar cell which effectively uses the near infrared light in the solar light will be very promising.
Book Synopsis Multiscale Modeling of Formation and Structure of Oxide Embedded Silicon and Germanium Nanocrystals by : Decai Yu
Download or read book Multiscale Modeling of Formation and Structure of Oxide Embedded Silicon and Germanium Nanocrystals written by Decai Yu and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Germanium Nanocrystals by : Henry Gerung
Download or read book Germanium Nanocrystals written by Henry Gerung and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nonlinear Optical Properties of Germanium Nanocrystals in Silica by : Annette Roslyn Dowd
Download or read book Nonlinear Optical Properties of Germanium Nanocrystals in Silica written by Annette Roslyn Dowd and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nonlinear Optics written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors Part I by : Norio MIURA
Download or read book Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors Part I written by Norio MIURA and published by Springer. This book was released on 2001-05-17 with total page 1056 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the proceedings of the most important and prestigious conference in the field of semiconductor physics, this book contains the latest information on the progress of semiconductor physics. Almost 1000 contributed papers address the full range of current topics. The special symposium deals with the interface between the fundamentals and device applications and tries to predict the developments in semiconductor physics, semiconductor materials and device applications in the 21st century. A wide range of contributions represent the forefront of academic and industrial research.
Book Synopsis Review by : Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Download or read book Review written by Oak Ridge National Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Laser Ablation written by Tatiana Itina and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-12-21 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shortly after the demonstration of the first laser, the most intensely studied theoretical topics dealt with laser-matter interactions. Many experiments were undertaken to clarify the major ablation mechanisms. At the same time, numerous theoretical studies, both analytical and numerical, were proposed to describe these interactions. These studies paved the ways toward the development of numerous laser applications, ranging from laser micro- and nanomachining to material analysis, nanoparticle and nanostructure formation, thin-film deposition, etc. Recently, more and more promising novel fields of laser applications have appeared, including biomedicine, catalysis, photovoltaic cells, etc. This book intends to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in laser ablation, from its fundamental mechanisms to novel applications.