Geological And Soil Evidence

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Geological and Soil Evidence

Author : Kenneth Pye
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781420004755
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Geological and Soil Evidence by : Kenneth Pye

Download or read book Geological and Soil Evidence written by Kenneth Pye and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-04-19 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The forensic potential of geological and soil evidence has been recognized for more than a century, but recently these types of evidence are used much more widely as an investigative intelligence tool and as evidence in court. There is, however, still a poor understanding of the potential value and the limitations of geological and soil evidence among the forensic science and wider legal communities. Geological and Soil Evidence: Forensic Applications provides an authoritative introduction to the nature and properties of geological and soil materials that may be used as trace evidence and the techniques used to analyze and evaluate them. It emphasizes the use of geoscience in forensic analyses, including geophysical, meteorological, and geomorphological data. This inclusive book covers material types and analytical strategies used in examining both the common components of geological evidence, such as rocks, dusts, minerals, spores, and microfossils, as well as anthropogenic particles like pottery and brick. It instructs on particle characterization based on physical, chemical, and mineralogical traits such as color, shape, density, and elemental and isotopic composition. It also explains sampling and handling procedures particular to criminalistics and introduces analysis, evaluation, and decision-making practices based on statistical significance and the weighing of different types of evidence. Discussions of basic principles are supported and enhanced with numerous case studies that tie methods of analysis to specific forensic applications. Examples are drawn from the author's own experience as well as the wider scientific literature. Accessible enough for readers with limited scientific knowledge and informative enough for scientists interested in forensic applications, Geological and Soil Evidence: Forensic Applications is a comprehensive reference for the current knowledge of forensic geology and soil science.

Forensic Soil Science and Geology

Author : R.W. Fitzpatrick
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 178620455X
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (862 download)

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Book Synopsis Forensic Soil Science and Geology by : R.W. Fitzpatrick

Download or read book Forensic Soil Science and Geology written by R.W. Fitzpatrick and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2021-10-28 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forensic soil science and geology provides information and operational support to assist the police and law enforcement with criminal and environmental investigations. These include: crime scene examination and the collection of soil and other materials; analysis and interpretation of this geological trace evidence; and searches associated with homicide graves, counter-terrorism and serious and organized crime. This volume provides new and sophisticated field and laboratory methods and operational casework.

Evidence from the Earth

Author : Raymond C. Murray
Publisher : Mountain Press Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780878424986
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (249 download)

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Book Synopsis Evidence from the Earth by : Raymond C. Murray

Download or read book Evidence from the Earth written by Raymond C. Murray and published by Mountain Press Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1975 and updated in 1992, Forensic Geology by Raymond C. Murray and John C. F. Tedrow was a classic in its field. Now Murray has thoroughly revised and updated that earlier work to produce Evidence from the Earth: Forensic Geology and C

A Guide to Forensic Geology

Author : L.J. Donnelly
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 1786204886
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (862 download)

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Book Synopsis A Guide to Forensic Geology by : L.J. Donnelly

Download or read book A Guide to Forensic Geology written by L.J. Donnelly and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2021-08-26 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forensic geology is the application of geology to aid the investigation of crime. A Guide to Forensic Geology was written by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS), Initiative on Forensic Geology (IFG), which was established to promote and develop forensic geology around the world. This book presents the first practical guide for forensic geologists in search and geological trace evidence analysis. Guidance is provided on using geological methods during search operations. This developed following international case work experiences and research over the last 25 years for homicide graves, burials associated with serious and organised crime and counter terrorism. With expertise gained in over 300 serious crime investigations, the guidance also considers geological trace evidence, including the examination of crime scenes, geological evidence recovery and analysis from exhibits and the reporting of results. The book also considers the judicial system, reporting and requirements for presenting evidence in court. Included are emerging applications of geology to police and law enforcement: illegal and illicit mining, conflict minerals, substitution, adulteration, fraud and fakery.

Criminal and Environmental Soil Forensics

Author : Karl Ritz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402092040
Total Pages : 534 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Criminal and Environmental Soil Forensics by : Karl Ritz

Download or read book Criminal and Environmental Soil Forensics written by Karl Ritz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-23 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soils have important roles to play in criminal and environmental forensic science. Since the initial concept of using soil in forensic investigations was mooted by Conan Doyle in his Sherlock Holmes stories prior to real-world applications, this branch of forensic science has become increasingly sophisticated and broad. New techniques in chemical, physical, biological, ecological and spatial analysis, coupled with informatics, are being applied to reducing areas of search by investigators, site identification, site comparison and measurement for the eventual use as evidence in court. Soils can provide intelligence, in assisting the determination of the provenance of samples from artifacts, victims or suspects, enabling their linkage to locations or other evidence. They also modulate change in surface or buried cadavers and hence affect the ability to estimate post-mortem or post-burial intervals, and locate clandestine graves. This interdisciplinary volume explores the conceptual and practical interplay of soil and geoforensics across the scientific, investigative and legal fields. Supported by reviews, case-studies from across the world, and reports of original research, it demonstrates the increasing convergence of a wide range of knowledge. It covers conceptual issues, evidence (from recovery to use in court), geoforensics, taphonomy, as well as leading-edge technologies. The application of the resultant soil forensics toolbox is leading to significant advances in improving crime detection, and environmental and national security.

Forensic Geoscience

Author : Kenneth Pye
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 9781862391611
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Forensic Geoscience by : Kenneth Pye

Download or read book Forensic Geoscience written by Kenneth Pye and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2004 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forensic geoscience is an increasingly important sub-discipline within geoscience and forensic science. Although minerals, soils, dusts and rock fragments have been used as only begun to be recognized in the last ten years or so. The police and other investigative bodies are keen to encourage such developments in the fight against crime, particularly since many criminals show a high level of forensic awareness with regard to evidence such as fingerprints, blood and other body fluids. The papers in this volume illustrate some of the main principles, techniques and applications in current forensic geoscience, covering research and casework in the UK and internationally. The techniques described range from macro-scale field geophysical investigations to micro-scale laboratory studies of the chemical and textural properties of individual particles. In addition to forensic applications, many of these techniques have broad utility in geological, geomorphological, soil science and archaeological research.

An Introduction to Forensic Geoscience

Author : Elisa Bergslien
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1405160543
Total Pages : 531 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Forensic Geoscience by : Elisa Bergslien

Download or read book An Introduction to Forensic Geoscience written by Elisa Bergslien and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-04-30 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Forensic Geoscience provides fundamental training in geoscience as developed through the lens of its forensic applications. It incorporates a range of topics including geophysical methods of grave detection, the mineralogy of art, identification of microfossils, and comparison of soil trace evidence samples. Each topic is introduced using core concepts that are developed with increasing complexity in order to give readers an understanding of the underlying scientific principles involved and a taste of the wide range of possible forensic uses. A variety of detailed reference tables have been compiled for the text and each chapter contains lists of references to applicable textbooks and journal articles. Examples of real criminal cases are also presented in each chapter to make the connections between theory and real world application. The goal of this book is to give readers a familiarity with the wide range of ways in which geoscience principles and geological materials can be utilized forensically. Additional resources for this book can be found at: http://www.wiley.com/go/bergslien/forensicgeoscience.

Environmental and Criminal Geoforensics

Author : D. Pirrie
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 1862393664
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental and Criminal Geoforensics by : D. Pirrie

Download or read book Environmental and Criminal Geoforensics written by D. Pirrie and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2013-12-05 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geological techniques are widely used in two aspects of serious criminal investigations: (1) the search for clandestine burial sites, based on near-surface geophysics or through the detection of decomposition signals and (2) the analysis of trace evidence to identify its source location or test the possible association between the trace evidence and a known location of an offence. Although geoforensics is used in such investigations world-wide there are still considerable gaps in the published literature. In addition, there is increasing concern regarding the illegal release of wastes either into the atmosphere, water courses or on to the land surface, and a growing realization that the techniques used in criminal forensics are equally useful in the investigation of environmental crime. This book bridges the gap between environmental and criminal geoforensics with conceptual, methodological and case study contributions. This demonstrates the significant potential that geoforensics holds for investigating and regulatory officers.

Geoforensics

Author : Alastair Ruffell
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470758848
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Geoforensics by : Alastair Ruffell

Download or read book Geoforensics written by Alastair Ruffell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-08-06 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive introduction to the application of geoscience to criminal investigations. Clearly structured throughout, the text follows a path from the large-scale application of remote sensing, landforms and geophysics in the first half to the increasingly small-scale examination of rock and soils to trace amounts of material. The two scales of investigation are linked by geoscience applications to forensics that can be applied at a range of dimensions. These include the use of topographic mapping, x-ray imaging, geophysics and remote sensing in assessing whether sediment, rocks or concrete may have hidden or buried materials inside for example, drugs, weapons, bodies. This book describes the wider application of many different geoscience-based methods in assisting law enforcers with investigations such as international and national crimes of genocide and pollution, terrorism and domestic crime as well as accident investigation. The text makes a clear link to the increasingly important aspects of the spatial distribution of geoscience materials (be it soil sampling or the distribution of mud-spatter on clothing), Geographic Information Science and geostatistics. A comprehensive introduction to the application of geoscience to criminal investigation Examples taken from an environmental and humanitarian perspective in addition to the terrorist and domestic criminal cases more regularly discussed A chapter on the use of GIS in criminalistics and information on unusual applications and methods - for example underwater scene mapping and extraterrestrial applications Material on how geoscience methods and applications are used at a crime scene Accompanying website including key images and references to further material An invaluable text for both undergraduate and postgraduate students taking general forensic science degrees or geoscience courses "The whole book is peppered with useful and appropriate examples from the authors’ wide experiences and also from the wider literature... an essential purchase for any forensic science department as well as for any law enforcement organisation." Lorna Dawson, Macaulay Institute

Australian Soil and Land Survey Field Handbook

Author : National Committee on Soil and Terrain,
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
ISBN 13 : 0643098615
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Australian Soil and Land Survey Field Handbook by : National Committee on Soil and Terrain,

Download or read book Australian Soil and Land Survey Field Handbook written by National Committee on Soil and Terrain, and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2009-03-31 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Australian Soil and Land Survey Field Handbook specifies methods and terminology for soil and land surveys. It has been widely used throughout Australia, providing one reference set of definitions for the characterisation of landform, vegetation, land surface, soil and substrate. The book advocates that a comprehensive suite of land and soil attributes be recorded in a uniform manner. This approach is more useful than the allocation of land or soil to preconceived types or classes. The third edition includes revised chapters on location and vegetation as well as some new landform elements. These updates have been guided by the National Committee on Soil and Terrain, a steering committee comprising representatives from key federal, state and territory land resource assessment agencies. Essential reading for all professionals involved in land resource surveys, this book will also be of value to students and educators in soil science, geography, ecology, agriculture, forestry, resource management, planning, landscape architecture and engineering.

Competitive Sorption and Transport of Heavy Metals in Soils and Geological Media

Author : H. Magdi Selim
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439880158
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Competitive Sorption and Transport of Heavy Metals in Soils and Geological Media by : H. Magdi Selim

Download or read book Competitive Sorption and Transport of Heavy Metals in Soils and Geological Media written by H. Magdi Selim and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most reported incidents of soil contamination include an array of heavy metals species rather than a single ion. The various interactions in these multicomponent or multiple-ion systems significantly impact the fate and transport of heavy metals, and competition for sorption sites on soil matrix surfaces is a common phenomenon. Because of this, considering competitive sorption is an important part of predicting contaminant transport. Competitive Sorption and Transport of Heavy Metals in Soils and Geological Media gives you the information needed to understand heavy metals’ sorption and transport in the vadose zone and aquifers. The book brings together state-of-the art research on the competitive sorption and mobility of single versus multiple heavy metal species. It also relates the transport mechanisms to the processes that govern sorption mechanisms. The work offers new experimental evidence on the fate of multiple heavy metals in soil columns and new field results on how multiple ions influence the mobility of metals in the soil profile under water-unsaturated flow. Emphasizing modeling approaches, the book begins with an overview of the competitive behavior of heavy metals. It then takes a closer look at various heavy metals, discussing their behavior in tropical soils, speciation and fractionation, accumulation, migration, competitive retention, and the contamination of water resources at the watershed scale. The book also presents extensive data on phosphate, a commonly used fertilizer, and its role in facilitating the release of trace elements. The final chapter looks at the effect of waterlogged conditions on arsenic and cadmium solubilization. Edited by an internationally recognized researcher and featuring expert contributors, this comprehensive work addresses the complex physical and chemical phenomena of sorption mechanisms. Presenting the latest research, it helps you to better predict the potential mobility of multiple heavy metals in soils.

Mute Witnesses

Author : Max M. Houck
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 9780123567604
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (676 download)

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Book Synopsis Mute Witnesses by : Max M. Houck

Download or read book Mute Witnesses written by Max M. Houck and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using case studies, some of a high-profile nature, the contributors to this expert guide show how trace evidence, when handled correctly, can change the course of a criminal investigation and often affect the final outcome.

Principles of Geoarchaeology

Author : Michael R. Waters
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
ISBN 13 : 9780816517701
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Geoarchaeology by : Michael R. Waters

Download or read book Principles of Geoarchaeology written by Michael R. Waters and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geoarchaeological studies can significantly enhance interpretations of human prehistory by allowing archaeologists to decipher from sediments and soils the effects of earth processes on the evidence of human activity. While a number of previous books have provided broad geographic and temporal treatments of geoarchaeology, this new volume presents a single author's view intended for North American archaeologists. Waters deals with those aspects of geoarchaeologyÑstratigraphy, site formation processes, and landscape reconstructionÑmost fundamental to archaeology, and he focuses on the late Quaternary of North America, permitting in-depth discussions of the concepts directly applicable to that research. Assuming no prior geologic knowledge on the part of the reader, Waters provides a background in fundamental geological processes and the basic tools of geoarchaeology. He then proceeds to relate specific physical processes, microenvironments, deposits, and landforms associated with riverine, desert, lake, glacial, cave, coastal, and other environments to archaeological site formation, location, and context. This practical volume illustrates the contributions of geoarchaeological investigations and demonstrates the need to make such studies an integral part of archaeological research. The text is enhanced by more than a hundred line drawings and photographs. CONTENTS 1. Research Objectives of Geoarchaeology 2. Geoarchaeological Foundations: The Archaeological Site Matrix: Sediments and Soils / Stratigraphy / The Geoarchaeological Interpretation of Sediments, Soils, and Stratigraphy 3. Alluvial Environments: Streamflow / Sediment Erosion, Transport, and Deposition / Alluvial Environments: Rivers, Arroyos, Terraces, and Fans / Alluvial Landscapes Evolution and the Archaeological Record / Alluvial Landscape Reconstruction 4. Eolian Environments: Sediment Erosion, Transport, and Deposition / Sand Dunes / Loess and Dust / Stone Pavements / Eolian Erosion / Volcanic Ash (Tephra) 5. Springs, Lakes, Rockshelters, and Other Terrestrial Environments: Springs / Lakes / Slopes / Glaciers / Rockshelters and Caves 6. Coastal Environments: Coastal Processes / Late Quaternary Sea Level Changes / Coastal Environments / Coastal Landscape Evolution and the Archaeological Record / Coastal Landscape Reconstruction 7. The Postburial Disturbance af Archaeological Site Contexts: Cryoturbation / Argilliturbation / Graviturbation / Deformation / Other Physical Disturbances / Floralturbation / Faunalturbation 8. Geoarchaeological Research Appendix A: Geoarchaeological Studies Illustrating the Effects of Fluvial Landscape Evolution on the Archaeological Record Appendix B: Geoarchaeological Studies Illustrating Site-Specific Synchronic and Diachronic Alluvial Landscape Reconstructions Appendix C: Geoarchaeological Studies Illustrating Regional Synchronic and Diachronic Alluvial Landscape Reconstructions

Geoforensics

Author : Alastair Ruffell
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470057343
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Geoforensics by : Alastair Ruffell

Download or read book Geoforensics written by Alastair Ruffell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-10-13 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive introduction to the application of geoscience to criminal investigations. Clearly structured throughout, the text follows a path from the large-scale application of remote sensing, landforms and geophysics in the first half to the increasingly small-scale examination of rock and soils to trace amounts of material. The two scales of investigation are linked by geoscience applications to forensics that can be applied at a range of dimensions. These include the use of topographic mapping, x-ray imaging, geophysics and remote sensing in assessing whether sediment, rocks or concrete may have hidden or buried materials inside for example, drugs, weapons, bodies. This book describes the wider application of many different geoscience-based methods in assisting law enforcers with investigations such as international and national crimes of genocide and pollution, terrorism and domestic crime as well as accident investigation. The text makes a clear link to the increasingly important aspects of the spatial distribution of geoscience materials (be it soil sampling or the distribution of mud-spatter on clothing), Geographic Information Science and geostatistics. A comprehensive introduction to the application of geoscience to criminal investigation Examples taken from an environmental and humanitarian perspective in addition to the terrorist and domestic criminal cases more regularly discussed A chapter on the use of GIS in criminalistics and information on unusual applications and methods - for example underwater scene mapping and extraterrestrial applications Material on how geoscience methods and applications are used at a crime scene Accompanying website including key images and references to further material An invaluable text for both undergraduate and postgraduate students taking general forensic science degrees or geoscience courses "The whole book is peppered with useful and appropriate examples from the authors' wide experiences and also from the wider literature... an essential purchase for any forensic science department as well as for any law enforcement organisation." —Lorna Dawson, Macaulay Institute

The Geology of Mars

Author : Mary Chapman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139463705
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis The Geology of Mars by : Mary Chapman

Download or read book The Geology of Mars written by Mary Chapman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-05-17 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interpretations of the geological processes operating on Mars are based on our knowledge of processes occurring on Earth. This 2007 book presents contributions from leading planetary geologists to demonstrate the parallels and differences between these two planets, and will therefore be a key reference for students and researchers of planetary science.

Soil in Criminal and Environmental Forensics

Author : Henk Kars
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319331159
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Soil in Criminal and Environmental Forensics by : Henk Kars

Download or read book Soil in Criminal and Environmental Forensics written by Henk Kars and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-08 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This introductory volume to a new series on Soil Forensics gives a kaleidoscopic view of a developing forensic expertise. Forensic practitioners and academic researchers demonstrate, by their joint contributions, the extent and complexity of soil forensics. their reports exemplify the broad range of sciences and techniques applied in all stages of forensic soil examinations, from investigations at crime scenes to providing evidence that can be used in court proceedings. Moreover the necessity is depicted of co-operation as a condition for any work in soil forensics between scientists of different disciplines, but no less between scientists and law enforcers.Soils play a role in environmental crimes and liability, as trace evidence in criminal investigations and, when searching for and evaluating, buried human remains. This book shows soil forensics as practiced in this legal context, emerging and solidifying in many countries all over the world, differing in some respects because of differences in legal systems but ultimately sharing common grounds.

The Encyclopedia of Applied Geology

Author : Charles W. Finkl
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 680 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Encyclopedia of Applied Geology by : Charles W. Finkl

Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Applied Geology written by Charles W. Finkl and published by Springer. This book was released on 1984-07-31 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Applied Geology is an international compendium of engineering geology topics prepared by experts from many countries. The volume contains more than eighty main entries in alphabetical order, dealing with hydrology, rock structure monitoring and soil mechanics in addition to engineering geology. Special topics focus on earth science information and sources, electrokinetics, forensic geology, geocryology, nuclear plant siting, photogrammetry, tunnels and tunnelling, urban geomorphology and well data systems.