Genusresolution Bei Mittelhochdeutsch Beide

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Genusresolution bei mittelhochdeutsch beide

Author : Carsten Becker
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 398554090X
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (855 download)

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Book Synopsis Genusresolution bei mittelhochdeutsch beide by : Carsten Becker

Download or read book Genusresolution bei mittelhochdeutsch beide written by Carsten Becker and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-02-09 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bereits Jacob Grimm bemerkte im Band 2 seiner Geschichte der deutschen Sprache (1848), dass adjektivische Genuskongruenz mit gemischtgeschlechtlichem Personenbezug in den älteren Sprachstufen des Deutschen häufig das Neutrum aufweist. Askedal (1973) widmete diesem Thema eine ausführliche Studie auf Basis kritischer Editionen einer Handvoll alt- und mittelhochdeutscher literarischen Werke. Die Standardwerke zur historischen Grammatik des Deutschen beschränken sich bislang darauf, diese Regel undifferenziert nach grammatischem Kontext lediglich zu konstatieren. Die vorliegende Studie zeichnet das Phänomen der Gender Resolution (Corbett 1983) im Mittelhochdeutschen nach. Dies geschieht auf handschriftennaher Grundlage anhand der Geschäftsprosa der Urkunden des Corpus der altdeutschen Originalurkunden bis zum Jahr 1300 (Wilhelm et al. 1932–2004) sowie der erst seit wenigen Jahren verfügbaren Transkriptionen der Haupthandschriften aller drei Rezensionen der Kaiserchronik als literarischem Vergleichstext. Die Studie setzt sich zum Ziel, bestehendes Wissen über dieses grammatische Phänomen zu validieren und im Rahmen eines zeitgemäßen grammatiktheoretischen Modells zu reflektieren. Zu diesem Zweck wird systematisch Variation in der Kongruenzform des Quantors mittelhochdeutsch bėide ‘beide’, der sich auf ein Referentenpaar bezieht, in den typischen Kontexten seines Auftretens hinsichtlich morphologischer, semantischer und syntaktischer Zusammenhänge detailliert untersucht. Already Jacob Grimm noted in volume 2 of his Geschichte der deutschen Sprache (1848) that adjectival forms with reference to mixed-gender human groups often showed neuter agreement in the historical stages of German. Askedal (1973) as well dedicated an extensive study to this issue, based on critical editions of a handful of Old and Middle High German literary texts. Standard reference works on historical German grammar so far merely state the rule without further differentiation by grammatical context. This survey traces the phenomenon of gender resolution (Corbett 1983) in Middle High German. Evidence is collected on a true-to-manuscript basis consisting of the businesslike prose of the Corpus der altdeutschen Originalurkunden bis zum Jahr 1300 (Wilhelm et al 1932–2004) as well as the main manuscripts of all three recensions of the Kaiserchronik as a literary object of comparison, transcriptions of which have only in recent years been made available. The survey aims to validate existing knowledge on this grammatical phenomenon and to reflect on it in a modern grammar-theoretical framework. For this purpose, variation in the agreement form of Middle High German bėide ‘both’, which refers to a pair of antecedents, is evaluated systematically and in great detail in its typical use contexts with regard to morphological, semantic, and syntactic circumstances.

Classics in Linguistics

Author : Donald E.. Hayden
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (475 download)

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Book Synopsis Classics in Linguistics by : Donald E.. Hayden

Download or read book Classics in Linguistics written by Donald E.. Hayden and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Paradigms regained: Theoretical and empirical arguments for the reassessment of the notion of paradigm

Author : Gabriele Diewald
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961103267
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Paradigms regained: Theoretical and empirical arguments for the reassessment of the notion of paradigm by : Gabriele Diewald

Download or read book Paradigms regained: Theoretical and empirical arguments for the reassessment of the notion of paradigm written by Gabriele Diewald and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume discusses the breadth of applications for an extended notion of paradigm. Paradigms in this sense are not only tools of morphological description but constitute the inherent structure of grammar. Grammatical paradigms are structural sets forming holistic, semiotic structures with an informational value of their own. We argue that as such, paradigms are a part of speaker knowledge and provide necessary structuring for grammaticalization processes. The papers discuss theoretical as well as conceptual questions and explore different domains of grammatical phenomena, ranging from grammaticalization, morphology, and cognitive semantics to modality, aiming to illustrate what the concept of grammatical paradigms can and cannot (yet) explain.

Clitics in the wild

Author : Zrinka Kolaković
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961103364
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Clitics in the wild by : Zrinka Kolaković

Download or read book Clitics in the wild written by Zrinka Kolaković and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collective monograph is the first data-oriented, empirical in-depth study of the system of clitics on Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian. It fills the gap between the theoretical and normative literature by including solid data on variation found in dialects and spoken language and obtained from massive Web Corpora and speakers’ acceptability judgements. The authors investigate three primary sources of variation: inventory, placement and morphonological processes. A separate part of the book is dedicated to the phenomenon of clitic climbing, the major challenge for any syntactic theory. The theory of complexity serves as the explanation for the very diverse constraints on clitic climbing established in the empirical studies. It allows to construct a series of hierarchies where the factors relevant for predicting clitic climbing interact with each other. Thus, the study pushes our understanding of clitics away from fine-grained descriptions and syntactic generalisations towards a probabilistic modelling of syntax.

The Anthem Companion to Auguste Comte

Author : Andrew Wernick
Publisher : Anthem Press
ISBN 13 : 1783086483
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis The Anthem Companion to Auguste Comte by : Andrew Wernick

Download or read book The Anthem Companion to Auguste Comte written by Andrew Wernick and published by Anthem Press. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For most of the twentieth century, Auguste Comte, a controversial but highly influential nineteenth-century figure, and his vast treatises on positive philosophy, politics and religion were disregarded and largely ignored. More recently, however, Comte’s life and writings have been reexamined together with the project of social reform to which his intellectual labors were devoted, producing a much more complicated picture of his thought and its significance. The Anthem Companion to Auguste Comte—with ten new critical essays by leading Comte scholars, sociologists, intellectual historians, social theorists and philosophers—aims to further this reexamination while also providing a multifaceted introduction to Comte’s thought and to current discussion about him. The essays also examine Comte’s relation to a multiplicity of other thinkers, and his place more generally in the formation and legacy of modern Western thought.

Kinship Across the Black Atlantic

Author : Gigi Adair
Publisher : Liverpool University Press
ISBN 13 : 1789624541
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Kinship Across the Black Atlantic by : Gigi Adair

Download or read book Kinship Across the Black Atlantic written by Gigi Adair and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book combines insights from postcolonial, queer and diaspora studies to consider the meanings of kinship in contemporary black Atlantic fiction. Diasporic displacement generates new understandings and new narratives of kinship. An analysis of kinship is thus essential to understanding diasporic modernity at the turn of the twenty-first century.

Sex, Power, and Slavery

Author : Gwyn Campbell
Publisher : Ohio University Press
ISBN 13 : 0821444905
Total Pages : 704 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex, Power, and Slavery by : Gwyn Campbell

Download or read book Sex, Power, and Slavery written by Gwyn Campbell and published by Ohio University Press. This book was released on 2014-12-10 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sexual exploitation was and is a critical feature of enslavement. Across many different societies, slaves were considered to own neither their bodies nor their children, even if many struggled to resist. At the same time, paradoxes abound: for example, in some societies to bear the children of a master was a potential route to manumission for some women. Sex, Power, and Slavery is the first history of slavery and bondage to take sexuality seriously. Twenty-six authors from diverse scholarly backgrounds look at the vexed, traumatic intersections of the histories of slavery and of sexuality. They argue that such intersections mattered profoundly and, indeed, that slavery cannot be understood without adequate attention to sexuality. Sex, Power, and Slavery brings into conversation historians of the slave trade, art historians, and scholars of childhood and contemporary sex trafficking. The book merges work on the Atlantic world and the Indian Ocean world and enables rich comparisons and parallels between these diverse areas. Contributors: David Brion Davis, Martin Klein, Richard Hellie, Abdul Sheriff, Griet Vankeerberghen, E. Ann McDougall, Matthew S. Hopper, Marie Rodet, George La Rue, Ulrike Schmieder, Tara Iniss, Mariana Candido, James Francis Warren, Johanna Ransmeier, Roseline Uyanga with Marie-Luise Ermisch, Francesca Ann Louise Mitchell, Shigeru Sato, Gabeba Baderoon, Charmaine Nelson, Ana Lucia Araujo, Brian Lewis, Ronaldo Vainfas, Salah Trabelsi, Joost Coté, Sandra Evers, and Subho Basu

Voice syncretism

Author : Nicklas N. Bahrt
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961103194
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Voice syncretism by : Nicklas N. Bahrt

Download or read book Voice syncretism written by Nicklas N. Bahrt and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive typological account of voice syncretism, focusing on resemblance in formal verbal marking between two or more of the following seven voices: passives, antipassives, reflexives, reciprocals, anticausatives, causatives, and applicatives. It covers voice syncretism from both synchronic and diachronic perspectives, and has been structured in a manner that facilitates convenient access to information about specific patterns of voice syncretism, their distribution and development. The book is based on a survey of voice syncretism in 222 geographically and genealogically diverse languages, but also thoroughly revisits previous research on the phenomenon. Voice syncretism is approached systematically by establishing and exploring patterns of voice syncretism that can logically be posited for the seven voices of focus in the book: 21 simplex patterns when one considers two of the seven voices sharing the same marking (e.g. reflexive-reciprocal syncretism), and 99 complex patterns when one considers more than two of the voices sharing the same marking (e.g. reflexive-reciprocal-anticausative syncretism). In a similar vein, 42 paths of development can logically be posited if it is assumed that voice marking in each of the seven voices can potentially develop one of the other six voice functions (e.g. reflexive voice marking developing a reciprocal function). This approach enables the discussion of both voice syncretism that has received considerable attention in the literature (notably middle syncretism involving the reflexive, reciprocal, anticausative and/or passive voices) and voice syncretism that has received little or not treatment in the past (including seemingly contradictory patterns such as causative-anticausative and passive-antipassive syncretism). In the survey almost all simplex patterns are attested in addition to seventeen complex patterns. In terms of diachrony, evidence is presented and discussed for twenty paths of development. The book strives to highlight the variation found in voice syncretism across the world’s languages and encourage further research into the phenomenon.

A short guide to post-editing

Author : Jean Nitzke
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 396110333X
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis A short guide to post-editing by : Jean Nitzke

Download or read book A short guide to post-editing written by Jean Nitzke and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial intelligence is changing and will continue to change the world we live in. These changes are also influencing the translation market. Machine translation (MT) systems automatically transfer one language to another within seconds. However, MT systems are very often still not capable of producing perfect translations. To achieve high quality translations, the MT output first has to be corrected by a professional translator. This procedure is called post-editing (PE). PE has become an established task on the professional translation market. The aim of this text book is to provide basic knowledge about the most relevant topics in professional PE. The text book comprises ten chapters on both theoretical and practical aspects including topics like MT approaches and development, guidelines, integration into CAT tools, risks in PE, data security, practical decisions in the PE process, competences for PE, and new job profiles.

Emergent phonology

Author : Diana Archangeli
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961103356
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Emergent phonology by : Diana Archangeli

Download or read book Emergent phonology written by Diana Archangeli and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To what extent do complex phonological patterns require the postulation of universal mechanisms specific to language? In this volume, we explore the Emergent Hypothesis, that the innate language-specific faculty driving the shape of adult grammars is minimal, with grammar development relying instead on cognitive capacities of a general nature. Generalisations about sounds, and about the way sounds are organised into meaningful units, are constructed in a bottom-up fashion: As such, phonology is emergent. We present arguments for considering the Emergent Hypothesis, both conceptually and by working through an extended example in order to demonstrate how an adult grammar might emerge from the input encountered by a learner. Developing a concrete, data-driven approach, we argue that the conventional, abstract notion of unique underlying representations is unmotivated; such underlying representations would require some innate principle to ensure their postulation by a learner. We review the history of the concept and show that such postulated forms result in undesirable phonological consequences. We work through several case studies to illustrate how various types of phonological patterns might be accounted for in the proposed framework. The case studies illustrate patterns of allophony, of productive and unproductive patterns of alternation, and cases where the surface manifestation of a feature does not seem to correspond to its morphological source. We consider cases where a phonetic distinction that is binary seems to manifest itself in a way that is morphologically ternary, and we consider cases where underlying representations of considerable abstractness have been posited in previous frameworks. We also consider cases of opacity, where observed phonological properties do not neatly map onto the phonological generalisations governing patterns of alternation.

Islam, Justice, and Democracy

Author : Sabri Ciftci
Publisher : Temple University Press
ISBN 13 : 1439921504
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (399 download)

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Book Synopsis Islam, Justice, and Democracy by : Sabri Ciftci

Download or read book Islam, Justice, and Democracy written by Sabri Ciftci and published by Temple University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-10 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the connection between Muslim conceptions of justice and democratic orientations

Articulating Bodies

Author : Kylee-Anne Hingston
Publisher : Liverpool University Press
ISBN 13 : 1789624959
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Articulating Bodies by : Kylee-Anne Hingston

Download or read book Articulating Bodies written by Kylee-Anne Hingston and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-01 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Articulating Bodies shows how Victorian fiction’s narrative form as well as narrative theme to negotiate how to categorize bodies, both constructing and questioning the boundary dividing normalcy from abnormality.

Informationsintegration in mehrsprachigen Textchats

Author : Felix Hoberg
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 3985540330
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (855 download)

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Book Synopsis Informationsintegration in mehrsprachigen Textchats by : Felix Hoberg

Download or read book Informationsintegration in mehrsprachigen Textchats written by Felix Hoberg and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-02-08 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Die vorliegende Arbeit widmet sich der Informationsintegration in maschinell übersetzten, mehrsprachigen Textchats am Beispiel des Skype Translators im Sprachenpaar Katalanisch-Deutsch. Der Untersuchung von Textchats dieser Konfiguration wurde sich bislang nur wenig zugewendet. Deshalb wird der zunächst grundlegend explorativ ausgerichteten Forschungsfrage nachgegangen, wie Personen eine maschinell übersetzte Textchat-Kommunikation wahrnehmen, wenn sie nicht der Sprache des Gegenübers mächtig sind. Damit einher geht auch die Untersuchung der Informationsextraktion und -verarbeitung zwischen Nachrichten, die in der eigenen Sprache verfasst wurden, und der Ausgabe der Maschinellen Übersetzung. Zur Erfassung des Nutzungsverhalten im Umgang mit Skype und dem Skype Translator wurde mit einer deutschlandweit an Studierende gesendeten Online-Umfrage gearbeitet. In einer zweiteiligen, naturalistisch orientierten Pilotstudie unter Einsatz des Eye-Trackers wurde das Kommunikationsverhalten von Studierenden mit deutscher Muttersprache einerseits in maschinell vom Skype Translator übersetzten Chats mit katalanischen Muttersprachler·innen und andererseits, als Referenz, in monolingualen, rein deutschsprachigen Chats ohne Skype Translator untersucht. Bei den Teilnehmer·innen an diesen Studien handelt es sich um zwei unabhängige Gruppen. Beide wurden ebenfalls mit Fragebögen zum Nutzungsverhalten und zu den Eindrücken des Skype Translators erfasst. Das sicher überraschendste Ergebnis der Studie ist, dass die Versuchspersonen einen substanziellen Teil der Chatkommunikation auf der MÜ-Ausgabe in beiden beteiligten Sprachen verbringen. Die Untersuchung der Sakkaden und Regressionen deutet auf einen sprunghaften Wechsel zwischen Originalnachricht und MÜ hin. Der Schwerpunkt der Aufmerksamkeit liegt dabei konsequent auf den neusten Nachrichten. Es ist daher anzunehmen, dass die Versuchspersonen die MÜ-Ausgabe aktiv in die Kommunikation miteinbeziehen und wesentliche Informationen zwischen Original und MÜ abzugleichen versuchen.

Our Civilizing Mission

Author : Nicholas Harrison
Publisher : Liverpool University Press
ISBN 13 : 1786949687
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (869 download)

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Book Synopsis Our Civilizing Mission by : Nicholas Harrison

Download or read book Our Civilizing Mission written by Nicholas Harrison and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-30 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our Civilizing Mission is both an exploration of colonial education and a response to current anxieties about the foundations of the ‘humanities’. Focusing on the example of Algeria, it asks what can be learned by treating colonial education not just as an example of colonialism but as a provocative, uncomfortable example of education.

Figurations of the Feminine in the Early French Women’s Press, 1758–1848

Author : Siobhán McIlvanney
Publisher : Liverpool University Press
ISBN 13 : 1786949938
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (869 download)

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Book Synopsis Figurations of the Feminine in the Early French Women’s Press, 1758–1848 by : Siobhán McIlvanney

Download or read book Figurations of the Feminine in the Early French Women’s Press, 1758–1848 written by Siobhán McIlvanney and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-28 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The origins and early years of the French women’s press represent a pivotal period in the history of French women’s self-expression and their feminist and cultural consciousness. Through a range of insightful textual analyses, this book highlights the political significance of this critically neglected literary medium.

Corpus linguistics

Author : Stefanowitsch, Anatol
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961102244
Total Pages : 510 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Corpus linguistics by : Stefanowitsch, Anatol

Download or read book Corpus linguistics written by Stefanowitsch, Anatol and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corpora are used widely in linguistics, but not always wisely. This book attempts to frame corpus linguistics systematically as a variant of the observational method. The first part introduces the reader to the general methodological discussions surrounding corpus data as well as the practice of doing corpus linguistics, including issues such as the scientific research cycle, research design, extraction of corpus data and statistical evaluation. The second part consists of a number of case studies from the main areas of corpus linguistics (lexical associations, morphology, grammar, text and metaphor), surveying the range of issues studied in corpus linguistics while at the same time showing how they fit into the methodology outlined in the first part.

Individual differences in early instructed language learning

Author : Raphael Berthele
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961103240
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Individual differences in early instructed language learning by : Raphael Berthele

Download or read book Individual differences in early instructed language learning written by Raphael Berthele and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Variability in predispositions for language learning has attracted scholarly curiosity for over 100 years. Despite major changes in theoretical explanations and foreign/second language teaching paradigms, some patterns of associations between predispositions and learning outcomes seem timelessly robust. This book discusses evidence from a research project investigating individual differences in a wide variety of domains, ranging from language aptitude over general cognitive abilities to motivational and other affective and social constructs. The focus lies on young learners aged 10 to 12, a less frequently investigated age in aptitude research. The data stem from two samples of multilingual learners in German-speaking Switzerland. The target languages are French and English. The chapters of the book offer two complementary perspectives on the topic: On the one hand, cross-sectional investigations of the underlying structure of these individual differences and their association with the target languages are discussed. Drawing on factor analytical and multivariable analyses, the different components are scrutinized with respect to their mutual dependence and their relative impact on target language skills. The analyses also take into account contextual factors such as the learners’ family background and differences across the two contexts investigated. On the other hand, the potential to predict learner’s skills in the target language over time based on the many different indicators is investigated using machine learning algorithms. The results provide new insights into the stability of the individual dispositions, on the impact of contextual variables, and on empirically robust dimensions within the array of variables tested.