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Foundations Of The Theory Of Parthood
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Book Synopsis Foundations of the Theory of Parthood by : Andrzej Pietruszczak
Download or read book Foundations of the Theory of Parthood written by Andrzej Pietruszczak and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-21 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to systematically study the weak systems of mereology. In its chapters, the author critically analyzes and explains core topics related to mereology, such as parthood without antisymmetry, non-existence of the zero element, and Leśniewski's notion of class and set. The book also delves into three theories of parthood: two concern the sum existence axioms, and the third contends with transitivity of parthood. This is the first systematic analysis of systems of mereology of its kind and is suitable for students, scholars, logicians, and mathematicians who wish to further their knowledge of mereology. Original polish publication “Podstawy teorii części” by The Nicolaus Copernicus University Press
Book Synopsis Mereology and the Sciences by : Claudio Calosi
Download or read book Mereology and the Sciences written by Claudio Calosi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-02 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the first systematic and thorough attempt to investigate the relation and the possible applications of mereology to contemporary science. It gathers contributions from leading scholars in the field and covers a wide range of scientific theories and practices such as physics, mathematics, chemistry, biology, computer science and engineering. Throughout the volume, a variety of foundational issues are investigated both from the formal and the empirical point of view. The first section looks at the topic as it applies to physics. The section addresses questions of persistence and composition within quantum and relativistic physics and concludes by scrutinizing the possibility to capture continuity of motion as described by our best physical theories within gunky space times. The second part tackles mathematics and shows how to provide a foundation for point-free geometry of space switching to fuzzy-logic. The relation between mereological sums and set-theoretic suprema is investigated and issues about different mereological perspectives such as classical and natural Mereology are thoroughly discussed. The third section in the volume looks at natural science. Several questions from biology, medicine and chemistry are investigated. From the perspective of biology, there is an attempt to provide axioms for inferring statements about part hood between two biological entities from statements about their spatial relation. From the perspective of chemistry, it is argued that classical mereological frameworks are not adequate to capture the practices of chemistry in that they consider neither temporal nor modal parameters. The final part introduces computer science and engineering. A new formal mereological framework in which an indeterminate relation of part hood is taken as a primitive notion is constructed and then applied to a wide variety of disciplines from robotics to knowledge engineering. A formal framework for discrete mereotopology and its applications is developed and finally, the importance of mereology for the relatively new science of domain engineering is also discussed.
Book Synopsis Conceptual Modelling and Its Theoretical Foundations by : Antje Düsterhöft
Download or read book Conceptual Modelling and Its Theoretical Foundations written by Antje Düsterhöft and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-02-08 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Festschrift, published in honor of Bernhard Thalheim on the occasion of his 60th birthday presents 20 articles by colleagues from all over the world with whom Bernhard Thalheim had cooperation in various respects; also included is a scientific biography contributed by the volume editors. The 20 contributions reflect the breadth and the depth of the work of Bernhard Thalheim in conceptual modeling and database theory during his scientific career spanning more than 35 years of active research. In particular, ten articles are focusing on topics like database dependency theory, object-oriented databases, triggers, abstract state machines, database and information systems design, web semantics, and business processes.
Author :ANDRZEJ PIETRUSZCZAK Publisher :Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika ISBN 13 :832313975X Total Pages :328 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (231 download)
Book Synopsis Metamereology by : ANDRZEJ PIETRUSZCZAK
Download or read book Metamereology written by ANDRZEJ PIETRUSZCZAK and published by Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika. This book was released on 2018 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our aim in this book is not simply to provide an introduction to the topic of mereology but also to undertake a thorough analysis of it. Hence its name: "Metamereology". Mereology arose as a theory of collective sets. It was formulated by the Polish logician Stanisław Leśniewski. Collective sets are certain wholes composed of parts. In general, the concept of a collective set can be defined with the help of the relation "is a part of" and mereology may therefore be considered as a theory of the relation of part to the whole'' (from the Greek: meros, "part'').
Book Synopsis The Foundation of Reality by : David Glick
Download or read book The Foundation of Reality written by David Glick and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-29 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are space and time fundamental features of our world or might they emerge from something else? The Foundation of Reality brings together metaphysicians and philosophers of physics working on space, time, and fundamentality to address this timely question. Recent developments in the interpretation of quantum mechanics and the understanding of certain approaches to quantum gravity have led philosophers of physics to propose that space and time might be emergent rather than fundamental. But such discussions are often conducted without engagement with those working on fundamentality and related issues in contemporary metaphysics. This book aims to correct this oversight. The diverse contributions to this volume address topics including the nature of fundamentality, the relation of space and time to quantum entanglement, and space and time in theories of quantum gravity. Only through consideration of a range of different approaches to the topic can we hope to get clear on the status of space and time in our contemporary understanding of physical reality.
Book Synopsis Spatial Information Theory. Foundations of Geographic Information Science by : Werner Kuhn
Download or read book Spatial Information Theory. Foundations of Geographic Information Science written by Werner Kuhn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-09-15 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Information Theory, COSIT 2003, held at Kartause Ittingen, Switzerland, in September 2003. The 26 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 61 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on ontologies of space and time, reasoning about distances and directions, spatial reasoning - shapes and diagrams, computational approaches, reasoning about regions, vagueness, visualization, and landmarks and wayfinding.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Spatial Logics by : Marco Aiello
Download or read book Handbook of Spatial Logics written by Marco Aiello and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-04 with total page 1072 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this handbook is to create, for the first time, a systematic account of the field of spatial logic. The book comprises a general introduction, followed by fourteen chapters by invited authors. Each chapter provides a self-contained overview of its topic, describing the principal results obtained to date, explaining the methods used to obtain them, and listing the most important open problems. Jointly, these contributions constitute a comprehensive survey of this rapidly expanding subject.
Download or read book Mereology written by A. J. Cotnoir and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-07-08 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is a whole something more than the sum of its parts? Are there things composed of the same parts? If you divide an object into parts, and divide those parts into smaller parts, will this process ever come to an end? Can something lose parts or gain new ones without ceasing to be the thing it is? Does any multitude of things (including disparate things such as you, this book, and the tail of a cat) compose a whole of some sort? Questions such as these have occupied us for at least as long as philosophy has existed. They define the field that has come to be known as mereology-the study of all relations of part to whole and of part to part within a whole-and have deep and far-reaching ramifications in metaphysics as well as in logic, the foundations of mathematics, the philosophy of language, the philosophy of science, and beyond. In Mereology, A. J. Cotnoir and Achille C. Varzi have compiled decades of advanced research into a comprehensive, up-to-date, and formally rigorous picture. The early chapters cover the more classical aspects of mereology; the rest of the book deals with variants and extensions. Whether you are an established professional philosopher, an interested student, or a newcomer, inside you will find all the tools you need to join this ever-evolving field of inquiry and theorize about all things mereological.
Book Synopsis Subatomic quantification by : Marcin Wągiel
Download or read book Subatomic quantification written by Marcin Wągiel and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this book is to explore the relationship between the cognitive notion of parthood and various grammatical devices expressing this concept in natural language. The monograph aims to investigate syntactic constructions and lexical categories, e.g., partitives, whole-adjectives, and multipliers, encoding different kinds of part-whole structures both in Slavic and non-Slavic languages. It is envisioned to inspire radical rethinking of the ontology of models accounting for nominal semantics. Specifically, it provides novel evidence for a mereotopological approach to meaning, i.e., a theory of wholes that captures not only parthood but also topological relations holding between parts. This evidence comes from the phenomenon of subatomic quantification, i.e., quantification over parts of referents of concrete count nouns.
Book Synopsis Composition as Identity by : A. J. Cotnoir
Download or read book Composition as Identity written by A. J. Cotnoir and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Composition is the relation between a whole and its parts--the parts are said to compose the whole; the whole is composed of the parts. But is a whole anything distinct from its parts taken collectively? It is often said that 'a whole is nothing over and above its parts'; but what might we mean by that? Could it be that a whole just is its parts? This collection of essays is the first of its kind to focus on the relationship between composition and identity. Twelve original articles--written by internationally renowned scholars and rising stars in the field--argue for and against the controversial doctrine that composition is identity. An editor's introduction sets out the formal and philosophical groundwork to bring readers to the forefront of the debate.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Ontological Commitment by : Paolo Valore
Download or read book Fundamentals of Ontological Commitment written by Paolo Valore and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2016-01-15 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific literature on particular themes in ontology is extremely abundant, but it is often very hard for freshmen or sophomores to find a red thread between the various proposals. This text is an opinionated introduction, a preliminary text to research in ontology from the so called standard approach to ontological commitment, that is from the particular point of view that connects ontological questions to quantificational questions. It offers a survey of this viewpoint in ontology together with their possible applications through a broad array of examples and open problems and, at the same time, essential references to the classics of philosophy, so as to allow non-specialists to understand the terms and analysis procedures characterizing the discipline. Its result is a wide-ranging overview of the issued tackled by ontology, with a particular focus on the most relevant problems of contemporary debate (categorial taxonomies, nonexistent objects, case studies of ontological debates in specific fields of knowledge).
Book Synopsis Information Extraction: A Multidisciplinary Approach to an Emerging Information Technology by : Maria T. Pazienza
Download or read book Information Extraction: A Multidisciplinary Approach to an Emerging Information Technology written by Maria T. Pazienza and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-08-29 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information extraction (IE) is a new technology enabling relevant content to be extracted from textual information available electronically. IE essentially builds on natural language processing and computational linguistics, but it is also closely related to the well established area of information retrieval and involves learning. In concert with other promising and emerging information engineering technologies like data mining, intelligent data analysis, and text summarization, IE will play a crucial role for scientists and professionals as well as other end-users who have to deal with vast amounts of information, for example from the Internet. As the first book solely devoted to IE, it is of relevance to anybody interested in new and emerging trends in information processing technology.
Book Synopsis Mereology: A Philosophical Introduction by : Giorgio Lando
Download or read book Mereology: A Philosophical Introduction written by Giorgio Lando and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-29 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parthood and composition are everywhere. The leg of a table is part of the table, the word "Christmas" is part of the sentence "I wish you a merry Christmas", the 13th century is part of the Middle Ages. The Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg compose Benelux, the body of a deer is composed of a huge number of cells, the Middle Ages are composed of the Early Middle Ages, High Middle Ages, and Late Middle Ages. Is there really a general theory covering every instance of parthood and composition? Is classical mereology this general theory? Are its seemingly counter-intuitive features serious defects? Mereology: A Philosophical Introduction addresses the multifaceted and lively philosophical debates surrounding these questions, and defends the idea that classical mereology is indeed the general and exhaustive theory of parthood and composition in the domain of concrete entities. Several examples of parthood and composition, involving entities of different kinds, are scrutinised in depth. Incidentally, mereology is shown to interact in a surprising way with metaontology. Presenting a well-organized and comprehensive discussion of parthood and related notions, Mereology: A Philosophical Introduction contributes to a better understanding of a subject central to contemporary metaphysics.
Book Synopsis The Meaning of Meaning by : Charles Kay Ogden
Download or read book The Meaning of Meaning written by Charles Kay Ogden and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Future Technologies Conference (FTC) 2023, Volume 2 by : Kohei Arai
Download or read book Proceedings of the Future Technologies Conference (FTC) 2023, Volume 2 written by Kohei Arai and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-31 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of thoroughly well-researched studies presented at the Eighth Future Technologies Conference. This annual conference aims to seek submissions from the wide arena of studies like Computing, Communication, Machine Vision, Artificial Intelligence, Ambient Intelligence, Security, and e-Learning. With an impressive 490 paper submissions, FTC emerged as a hybrid event of unparalleled success, where visionary minds explored groundbreaking solutions to the most pressing challenges across diverse fields. These groundbreaking findings open a window for vital conversation on information technologies in our community especially to foster future collaboration with one another. We hope that the readers find this book interesting and inspiring and render their enthusiastic support toward it.
Download or read book The Ant Trap written by Brian Epstein and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live in a world of crowds and corporations, artworks and artifacts, legislatures and languages, money and markets. These are all social objects - they are made, at least in part, by people and by communities. But what exactly are these things? How are they made, and what is the role of people in making them? In The Ant Trap, Brian Epstein rewrites our understanding of the nature of the social world and the foundations of the social sciences. Epstein explains and challenges the three prevailing traditions about how the social world is made. One tradition takes the social world to be built out of people, much as traffic is built out of cars. A second tradition also takes people to be the building blocks of the social world, but focuses on thoughts and attitudes we have toward one another. And a third tradition takes the social world to be a collective projection onto the physical world. Epstein shows that these share critical flaws. Most fundamentally, all three traditions overestimate the role of people in building the social world: they are overly anthropocentric. Epstein starts from scratch, bringing the resources of contemporary metaphysics to bear. In the place of traditional theories, he introduces a model based on a new distinction between the grounds and the anchors of social facts. Epstein illustrates the model with a study of the nature of law, and shows how to interpret the prevailing traditions about the social world. Then he turns to social groups, and to what it means for a group to take an action or have an intention. Contrary to the overwhelming consensus, these often depend on more than the actions and intentions of group members.
Book Synopsis Mereology and Location by : Shieva Kleinschmidt
Download or read book Mereology and Location written by Shieva Kleinschmidt and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A team of leading philosophers presents original work on theories of parthood and of location. Topics covered include how we ought to axiomatise our mereology, whether we can reduce mereological relations to identity or to locative relations, whether Mereological Essentialism is true, different ways in which entities persist through space, time, spacetime, and even hypertime, conflicting intuitions we have about space, and what mereology and propositions can tell us about one another. The breadth and accessibility of the papers make this volume an excellent introduction for those not yet working on these topics. Further, the papers contain important contributions to these central areas of metaphysics, and thus are essential reading for anyone working in the field.
