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Forms Of Servitude In Northern And Central Europe
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Book Synopsis Forms of Servitude in Northern and Central Europe by : Paul Freedman
Download or read book Forms of Servitude in Northern and Central Europe written by Paul Freedman and published by Brepols Publishers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the nineteenth and early-twentieth century it was assumed that nearly all agricultural labourers in medieval Europe were serfs. Serfdom was distinct from slavery in that serfs were recognized as something more than chattels. They could contract legitimate marriages, hold personal property and they could not be moved around at will. The fact that serfs were in many regions a minority of the peasant population, and the increasing importance given to social and economic circumstances over legal definitions led historians to move away from examining servile condition and its implications during much of the late twentieth century. Attention has instead focused on the seigneurial regime and village society with little regard for the influence of status. In the Middle Ages and indeed in all pre-industrial societies, the vast majority of the population tilled the land. We are still not in a good position to evaluate how noble and ecclesiastical landlords received revenues from lands they were only indirectly engaged in farming, thus there are important gaps in our knowledge of the basic factors that governed medieval society. What kind of agricultural system provided the impetus for economic growth that so dramatically increased the number of cities and volume of trade? There is no modern, synthetic book on medieval serfdom that compares regions or draws general conclusions about it. This work attempts such a synthesis and also shows avenues of future research, but most importantly it is intended to reorient attention to the importance of serfdom in the structure of medieval society.
Book Synopsis Servitude in Modern Times by : M. L. Bush
Download or read book Servitude in Modern Times written by M. L. Bush and published by Polity. This book was released on 2000-11-02 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comparative analysis of the major systems of servitude present in the world since 1500. Slavery, serfdom, debt bondage, indentured service and convict labour all provided labour and service through the legal subjection of one person to another, but remained very different. By comparison and contrast, this study seeks to establish their distinctive character. Servitude in Modern Times concentrates on the forms of servitude that figured in the process of early modernization: notably the white bonded labour, convict and indentured, used to settle North America; the slave systems of the Americas and the Ottoman Empire; and the serf regimes of central and eastern Europe. It also examines the servitude that survived the emancipations of the nineteenth century: the endurance of slavery and debt bondage in Africa and Asia; the extensive use of indentured service on colonial plantations; the forced labour provided by the concentration camps of Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany. Traditional assumptions are challenged: M. L. Bush argues against the standard, neo-abolitionist view that the servile were powerless victims, proposing that, in most cases, they ingeniously succeeded in acquiring rights and liberties. He shows how servitude contributed to the modernizing process by compensating for the shortage of waged labour which was frequently encountered by early capitalism. In this respect the book challenges the progressiveness with which modernization has normally been depicted. Servitude in Modern Times will be of great interest to students and scholars in history, politics and sociology, as well as to a general public horrified by man's inhumanity to man.
Book Synopsis Central Europe in the High Middle Ages by : Nora Berend
Download or read book Central Europe in the High Middle Ages written by Nora Berend and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-19 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A groundbreaking comparative history of the formation of Bohemia, Hungary and Poland, from their origins in the eleventh century.
Book Synopsis Slavery After Rome, 500-1100 by : Alice Rio
Download or read book Slavery After Rome, 500-1100 written by Alice Rio and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What happened to slavery in Europe in the centuries following the fall of the Roman Empire? This work spans the whole of early medieval Western Europe and addresses issues of slave-taking and slave-trading; people who became slaves as a result of a debt or a crime; even people who chose to become slaves
Book Synopsis Oxford Handbook of Medieval Central Europe by : Zecevic
Download or read book Oxford Handbook of Medieval Central Europe written by Zecevic and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Medieval Central Europe summarizes the political, social, and cultural history of medieval Central Europe (c. 800-1600 CE), a region long considered a "forgotten" area of the European past. The 25 cutting-edge chapters present up-to-date research about the region's core medieval kingdoms -- Hungary, Poland, and Bohemia -- and their dynamic interactions with neighboring areas. From the Baltic to the Adriatic, the handbook includes reflections on modern conceptions and uses of the region's shared medieval traditions. The volume's thematic organization reveals rarely compared knowledge about the region's medieval resources: its peoples and structures of power; its social life and economy; its religion and culture; and images of its past.
Book Synopsis Peasants, Lords, and State: Comparing Peasant Conditions in Scandinavia and the Eastern Alpine Region, 1000-1750 by :
Download or read book Peasants, Lords, and State: Comparing Peasant Conditions in Scandinavia and the Eastern Alpine Region, 1000-1750 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-08-10 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peasants, Lords, and State: Comparing Peasant Conditions in Scandinavia and the Eastern Alpine Region, 1000-1750 compares peasant self-determination in relation to manorial and territorial power structures in Scandinavia and the eastern Alpine region between 1000 and 1750.
Book Synopsis The Various Models of Lordship in Europe between the Ninth and Fifteenth Centuries by : Antonio Antonetti
Download or read book The Various Models of Lordship in Europe between the Ninth and Fifteenth Centuries written by Antonio Antonetti and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2023-10-25 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The status of lord represented one of the most original solutions to the political and social transitions of the Medieval period. Questions still remain unanswered and require further investigation, thus many scholars have collaborated to produce this collection which offers a synthesis of the most recent scholarship. This book relates the workings of seigneurial systems in different areas of Europe, from the Baltic to the Mediterranean, from Castile to Pontus. In this way, the perspective remains the same, institutional and material. This book emphasises both the institutional and informal forms of lordship identified and crystallised by social and political actors (for example, communities, sovereigns, nobles, bishops, and abbots). It offers a general framework for those approaching the subject for the first time and a useful in-depth tool with numerous regional cases for long-term scholars.
Book Synopsis The Swiss and Their Neighbours, 1460-1560 by : Tom Scott
Download or read book The Swiss and Their Neighbours, 1460-1560 written by Tom Scott and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: List of maps -- Note on usage -- List of abbreviations. Introduction. 1 Accommodation : Setting the scene -- The occupation of the Thurgau -- From war to peace -- Trouble in the Thurgau -- Konstanz's dilemma -- The Swiss or Swabian War of 1499 -- Raids and retaliation -- The peace of Basel and its aftermath -- The Hereditary Agreement of 1511 -- Calm amidst the storm -- A last hurrah -- Conclusion to Part I: frontiers mental and physical. 2 Aggression : The Romandie: an open landscape -- The Romandie: a commercial crossroads -- The Burgundian Wars -- A contested outcome -- The troubled inheritance of Duke Charles II of Savoy -- The Dufour affair -- All unquiet on the Western Front -- Savoy strikes back -- The struggle for Geneva -- War or peace? -- Religion or politics? -- The year of the French -- The vagaries of conquest -- The spoils of war -- Faction in Geneva -- The Romandie reconfigured -- Conclusion to Part II: motives and outcomes. Conclusion. Glossary -- Chronology -- Note on sources -- Bibliography -- Index.
Book Synopsis The Routledge History Handbook of Medieval Revolt by : Justine Firnhaber-Baker
Download or read book The Routledge History Handbook of Medieval Revolt written by Justine Firnhaber-Baker and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge History Handbook of Medieval Revolt charts the history of medieval rebellion from Spain to Bohemia and from Italy to England, and includes chapters spanning the centuries between Imperial Rome and the Reformation. Drawing together an international group of leading scholars, chapters consider how uprisings worked, why they happened, whom they implicated, what they meant to contemporaries, and how we might understand them now. This collection builds upon new approaches to political history and communication, and provides new insights into revolt as integral to medieval political life. Drawing upon research from the social sciences and literary theory, the essays use revolts and their sources to explore questions of meaning and communication, identity and mobilization, the use of violence and the construction of power. The authors emphasize historical actors’ agency, but argue that access to these actors and their actions is mediated and often obscured by the texts that report them. Supported by an introduction and conclusion which survey the previous historiography of medieval revolt and envisage future directions in the field, The Routledge History Handbook of Medieval Revolt will be an essential reference for students and scholars of medieval political history.
Book Synopsis Lordship, State Formation and Local Authority in Late Medieval and Early Modern England by : Spike Gibbs
Download or read book Lordship, State Formation and Local Authority in Late Medieval and Early Modern England written by Spike Gibbs and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-07-27 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a new narrative of how local authority and social structures adapted in response to the decline of lordship and the process of state formation, Spike Gibbs uses manorial officeholding – where officials were chosen from among tenants to help run the lord's manorial estate – as a prism through which to examine political and social change in the late medieval and early modern English village. Drawing on micro-studies of previously untapped archival records, the book spans the medieval/early modern divide to examine changes between 1300 and 1650. In doing so, Gibbs demonstrates the vitality of manorial structures across the medieval and early modern era, the active and willing participation of tenants in these frameworks, and the way this created inequalities within communities. This title is part of the Flip it Open Programme and may also be available Open Access. Check our website Cambridge Core for details.
Book Synopsis Negotiation and Resistance by : Constance Brittain Bouchard
Download or read book Negotiation and Resistance written by Constance Brittain Bouchard and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2022-12-15 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Negotiation and Resistance, Constance Brittain Bouchard challenges familiar depictions of the peasantry as an undifferentiated mass of impoverished and powerless workers. Peasants in eleventh- and twelfth-century France had far more scope for action, self-determination, and resistance to oppressive treatment—that is, for agency—than they are usually credited with having. Through innovative readings of documents collected in medieval cartularies, Bouchard finds that while peasants lived hard, impoverished lives, they were able to negotiate, individually or collectively, to better their position, present cases in court, and make their own decisions about such fundamental issues as inheritance or choice of marriage partner. Negotiation and Resistance upends the received view of this period in French history as one in which lords dealt harshly and without opposition toward subservient peasants, offering numerous examples of peasants standing up for themselves.
Book Synopsis Viking-Age Trade by : Jacek Gruszczyński
Download or read book Viking-Age Trade written by Jacek Gruszczyński and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: That there was an influx of silver dirhams from the Muslim world into eastern and northern Europe in the ninth and tenth centuries is well known, as is the fact that the largest concentration of hoards is on the Baltic island of Gotland. Recent discoveries have shown that dirhams were reaching the British Isles, too. What brought the dirhams to northern Europe in such large numbers? The fur trade has been proposed as one driver for transactions, but the slave trade offers another – complementary – explanation. This volume does not offer a comprehensive delineation of the hoard finds, or a full answer to the question of what brought the silver north. But it highlights the trade in slaves as driving exchanges on a trans-continental scale. By their very nature, the nexuses were complex, mutable and unclear even to contemporaries, and they have eluded modern scholarship. Contributions to this volume shed light on processes and key places: the mints of Central Asia; the chronology of the inflows of dirhams to Rus and northern Europe; the reasons why silver was deposited in the ground and why so much ended up on Gotland; the functioning of networks – perhaps comparable to the twenty-first-century drug trade; slave-trading in the British Isles; and the stimulus and additional networks that the Vikings brought into play. This combination of general surveys, presentations of fresh evidence and regional case studies sets Gotland and the early medieval slave trade in a firmer framework than has been available before.
Book Synopsis Legal Procedure and Practice in Medieval Denmark by : Per Andersen
Download or read book Legal Procedure and Practice in Medieval Denmark written by Per Andersen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2011-05-23 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive examination of how the Fourth Lateran Council’s prohibition against trial by ordeal was implemented in Danish secular law and how it required both a fundamental restructuring of legal procedure and an entirely different approach to jurisprudence in practice.
Book Synopsis The Serf, the Knight, and the Historian by : Dominique Barthélemy
Download or read book The Serf, the Knight, and the Historian written by Dominique Barthélemy and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dominique Barthélemy presents a sharply revisionist account of the history of France around the year 1000, challenging the traditional view that France underwent a kind of revolution at the millennium which ushered in feudalism.
Download or read book Law in Common written by Tom Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2019-12 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There were tens of thousands of different local law-courts in late-medieval England, providing the most common forums for the working out of disputes and the making of decisions about local governance. While historians have long studied these institutions, there have been very few attempts tounderstand this complex institutional form of "legal pluralism".Law in Common provides a way of understanding this complexity by drawing out broader patterns of legal engagement. Tom Johnson first explores four "local legal cultures" - in the countryside, in forests, in towns and cities, and in the maritime world - that grew up around legal institutions,landscapes, and forms of socio-economic practice in these places, and produced distinctive senses of law.Johnson then turns to examine "common legalities", widespread forms of social practice that emerge across these different localities, through which people aimed to invoke the power of law. Through studies of the physical landscape, the production of legitimate knowledge, the emergence of English asa legal vernacular, and the proliferation of legal documents, the volume offers a new way to understand how common people engaged with law in the course of their everyday lives.Drawing on a huge body of archival research from the plenitude of different local institutions, Law in Common offers a new social history of law that aims to explain how common people negotiated the transformational changes of the long fifteenth century with, and through legality.
Book Synopsis Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages (500-1300) (2 vols) by : Florin Curta
Download or read book Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages (500-1300) (2 vols) written by Florin Curta and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-07-08 with total page 1426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the 2020 Verbruggen prize This book offers an an overview of the current state of research and a basic route map for navigating an abundant historiography available in 10 different languages. The book is also an invitation to comparison between various parts of the region over the same period.
Book Synopsis The Slaves of the Churches by : Mary E. Sommar
Download or read book The Slaves of the Churches written by Mary E. Sommar and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-26 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, stories of religious universities and institutions grappling with their slave-owning past have made headlines in the news. People find it shocking that the Church itself could have been involved in such a sordid business. This timely book, the result of many years of research, is a study of the origins of this problem. Mary E. Sommar examines how the church sought to establish norms for slave ownership on the part of ecclesiastical institutions and personnel, and for others' behavior towards such slaves. The story begins in the New Testament era, when the earliest Christian norms were established, and continues up to thirteenth-century establishment of a body of canon law that would persist into the twentieth century. Along with her analysis of the various policies and statutes, Sommar draws on chronicles, letters, and other documents from each of the various historical periods to provide insight into the situations of unfree ecclesiastical dependents. She finds that unfree dependents of the Church actually had less chance of achieving freedom than did the slaves of other masters. The church authorities' duty to preserve the Church's patrimony for the needs of future generations led them to hold on tightly to their unfree human resources. This accessibly written book does not present an apology for the behavior of past Christian leaders, but attempts to learn what they did and to arrive at some understanding of why they made those choices.
