Formal Epistemology And Cartesian Skepticism

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Formal Epistemology and Cartesian Skepticism

Author : Tomoji Shogenji
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135133655X
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Formal Epistemology and Cartesian Skepticism by : Tomoji Shogenji

Download or read book Formal Epistemology and Cartesian Skepticism written by Tomoji Shogenji and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-15 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops new techniques in formal epistemology and applies them to the challenge of Cartesian skepticism. It introduces two formats of epistemic evaluation that should be of interest to epistemologists and philosophers of science: the dual-component format, which evaluates a statement on the basis of its safety and informativeness, and the relative-divergence format, which evaluates a probabilistic model on the basis of its complexity and goodness of fit with data. Tomoji Shogenji shows that the former lends support to Cartesian skepticism, but the latter allows us to defeat Cartesian skepticism. Along the way, Shogenji addresses a number of related issues in epistemology and philosophy of science, including epistemic circularity, epistemic closure, and inductive skepticism.

The Mystery of Skepticism

Author : Kevin McCain
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004393536
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mystery of Skepticism by : Kevin McCain

Download or read book The Mystery of Skepticism written by Kevin McCain and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-12-24 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thirteen newly commissioned essays in The Mystery of Skepticism: New Explorations represent the cutting-edge of research on underexplored skeptical challenges, dimensions of the skeptical problematic, and responses to various kinds of skepticism.

Knowledge and Belief

Author : Frederick F. Schmitt
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134967799
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (349 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge and Belief by : Frederick F. Schmitt

Download or read book Knowledge and Belief written by Frederick F. Schmitt and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-11-22 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge, from Plato onwards, has been considered in relation to justified belief. Current debate has centred around the nature of the justification and whether justified belief can be considered an internal or extenal matter. Epistemological internalists argue that the subject must be able to reflect upon a belief to complete the process of justification. The externalists, on the other hand, claim that it is only necessary to consider whether the belief is reliably formed, and argue that the ability to know by reflection is not required for a justified belief. In the historical section of this book the three most important epistemologists, Plato, Descartes and Hume, as well as the ancient epistemologies of the stoics, Academics and Pyrhonians, are considered. In reconsidering the history of epistemology the author is led to argue against hte view that internalism is historically dominant. His critique of internalism is then developed into a sustained argument against many of its forms, and he goes onto defend an externalist, reliabilist epistemology.

Themes from Klein

Author : Branden Fitelson
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030045226
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Themes from Klein by : Branden Fitelson

Download or read book Themes from Klein written by Branden Fitelson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-22 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume features more than fifteen essays written in honor of Peter D. Klein. It explores the work and legacy of this prominent philosopher, who has had and continues to have a tremendous influence in the development of epistemology. The essays reflect the breadth and depth of Klein's work. They engage directly with his views and with the views of his interlocutors. In addition, a comprehensive introduction discusses the overall impact of Klein's philosophical work. It also explains how each of the essays in the book fits within that legacy. Coverage includes such topics as a knowledge-first account of defeasible reasoning, felicitous falsehoods, the possibility of foundationalist justification, the many formal faces of defeat, radical scepticism, and more. Overall, the book provides readers with an overview of Klein’s contributions to epistemology, his importance to twentieth and twenty-first-century philosophy, and a survey of his philosophical ideas and accomplishments. It's not only a celebration of the work of an important philosopher. It also offers readers an insightful journey into the nature of knowledge, scepticism, and justification.

Skepticism

Author : Annalisa Coliva
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429603614
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis Skepticism by : Annalisa Coliva

Download or read book Skepticism written by Annalisa Coliva and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-02-09 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Skepticism is one of the perennial problems of philosophy: from antiquity, to the early modern period of Descartes and Hume, and right through to the present day. It remains a fundamental and widely studied topic and, as Annalisa Coliva and Duncan Pritchard show in Skepticism, it presents us with a paradox with important ramifications not only for epistemology but also for many other core areas of philosophy. This book provides a thorough grounding in contemporary debates about skepticism, exploring the following key topics: the core skeptical arguments, with a particular focus on Cartesian and Humean radical skepticism the epistemic principles that are held to underlie skeptical arguments, such as the Closure and Underdetermination principles the content externalism of Putnam, Davidson, and Chalmers, and how it might help us respond to radical skepticism the epistemic externalism/internalism distinction and how it relates to the skeptical problematic contextualism in epistemology and its anti-skeptical import the various interpretations of a Wittgensteinian hinge epistemology the viability of epistemological disjunctivism, including whether it can be combined with hinge epistemology as part of a dual response to radical skepticism liberal and conservative responses to the Humean skeptical paradox. Both authors are prominent figures who work on skepticism, and so one novelty of the book is that it provides an insight into their own contrasting responses to this philosophical difficulty. With the addition of annotated further reading and a glossary, this is an ideal starting point for anyone studying the philosophy of skepticism, along with students of epistemology, metaphysics, and contemporary analytic philosophy.

Skepticism: The Basics

Author : Juan Comesaña
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000568237
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Skepticism: The Basics by : Juan Comesaña

Download or read book Skepticism: The Basics written by Juan Comesaña and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-04-20 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces students and other interested readers to the philosophical study of skepticism, a central and long-standing subject in philosophy. The first three chapters cover knowledge, providing the necessary foundation for introducing skepticism in the book's final three chapters. Throughout, the volume addresses basic questions in these two areas, such as: What are the differences between the three types of knowledge: direct knowledge, knowledge by ability, and propositional knowledge? What is the Gettier problem and why does it resist easy solutions? Why do philosophers still talk about René Descartes’ techniques for raising doubts about what we can know but have largely forgotten Descartes’ attempts to answer these doubts? How do we know that we’re not just brains in a vat? Is Pyrrhonian skepticism—the idea that we know absolutely nothing—ultimately self-refuting? With a glossary of key terms and suggestions for further reading, Skepticism: The Basics is an ideal starting point for anyone seeking a lively and accessible foray into the study of epistemology. Key Features and Benefits: Cover both traditional topics – like the tripartite conception of knowledge – and emerging issues, like knowledge-first epistemology and concessive responses to inductive skepticism Demystifies an area where beginners frequently get stuck: the difference between common-sense skepticism and philosophical skepticism Clearly explains the important contributions from historical and contemporary thinkers, like Descartes, Hume, Popper, Quine, Dretske, Strawson, Nozick, and Sosa

Essays on Skepticism

Author : Anthony Brueckner
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191615102
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Essays on Skepticism by : Anthony Brueckner

Download or read book Essays on Skepticism written by Anthony Brueckner and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-08-19 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of skepticism about knowledge of the external world has been the centrepiece of epistemology since Descartes. In the last 25 years, there has been a keen focus of interest on the problem, with a number of new insights by the best contemporary epistemologists and philosophers of mind. Anthony Brueckner is recognized as one of the leading contemporary investigators of the problem of skepticism. Essays on Skepticism collects Brueckner's most important work in this area, providing a connected and comprehensive guide to the complex state of play on this intensively studied area of philosophy. The guiding questions of this volume are: Can we have knowledge of the external world of things outside our minds? Can we have knowledge of the internal world of our own contentful mental states? The work divides into four sections: I. Transcendental Arguments against Skepticism; II. Semantic Answers to Skepticism; III. Self-knowledge; IV. Skepticism and Epistemic Closure.

Disagreement and Skepticism

Author : Diego E. Machuca
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135103054
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Disagreement and Skepticism by : Diego E. Machuca

Download or read book Disagreement and Skepticism written by Diego E. Machuca and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-17 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thirteen essays in this volume explore for the first time the possible skeptical implications of disagreement in different areas and from different perspectives, with an emphasis in the current debate about the epistemic significance of disagreement. They represent a new contribution to the study of the connection between disagreement and skepticism in epistemology, metaethics, ancient philosophy, and metaphilosophy.

The Routledge Companion to Epistemology

Author : Sven Bernecker
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136882006
Total Pages : 1252 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (368 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Companion to Epistemology by : Sven Bernecker

Download or read book The Routledge Companion to Epistemology written by Sven Bernecker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-01-19 with total page 1252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epistemology, the philosophy of knowledge, is at the core of many of the central debates and issues in philosophy, interrogating the notions of truth, objectivity, trust, belief and perception. The Routledge Companion to Epistemology provides a comprehensive and the up-to-date survey of epistemology, charting its history, providing a thorough account of its key thinkers and movements, and addressing enduring questions and contemporary research in the field. Organized thematically, the Companion is divided into ten sections: Foundational Issues, The Analysis of Knowledge, The Structure of Knowledge, Kinds of Knowledge, Skepticism, Responses to Skepticism, Knowledge and Knowledge Attributions, Formal Epistemology, The History of Epistemology, and Metaepistemological Issues. Seventy-eight chapters, each between 5000 and 7000 words and written by the world’s leading epistemologists, provide students with an outstanding and accessible guide to the field. Designed to fit the most comprehensive syllabus in the discipline, this text will be an indispensible resource for anyone interested in this central area of philosophy. The Routledge Companion to Epistemology is essential reading for students of philosophy.

A Critical Introduction to Skepticism

Author : Allan Hazlett
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 1441144072
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis A Critical Introduction to Skepticism by : Allan Hazlett

Download or read book A Critical Introduction to Skepticism written by Allan Hazlett and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2014-03-13 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Skepticism remains a central and defining issue in epistemology, and in the wider tradition of Western philosophy. To better understand the contemporary position of this important philosophical subject, Allan Hazlett introduces a range of topics, including: Â? Ancient skepticism Â? skeptical arguments in the work of Hume and Descartes Â? Cartesian skepticism in contemporary epistemology Â? anti-skeptical strategies, including Mooreanism, nonclosure, and contextualism Â? additional varieties of skepticism Â? the practical consequences of Cartesian skepticism Presenting a comprehensive survey of the key problems, arguments, and theories, together with additional readings, A Critical Introduction to Skepticism is an ideal guide for students and scholars looking to understand how skepticism is shaping epistemology today.

Representation and Scepticism from Aquinas to Descartes

Author : Han Thomas Adriaenssen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316857948
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (168 download)

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Book Synopsis Representation and Scepticism from Aquinas to Descartes by : Han Thomas Adriaenssen

Download or read book Representation and Scepticism from Aquinas to Descartes written by Han Thomas Adriaenssen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-13 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book Han Thomas Adriaenssen offers the first comparative exploration of the sceptical reception of representationalism in medieval and early modern philosophy. Descartes is traditionally credited with inaugurating a new kind of scepticism by saying that the direct objects of perception are images in the mind, not external objects, but Adriaenssen shows that as early as the thirteenth century, critics had already found similar problems in Aquinas's theory of representation. He charts the attempts of philosophers in both periods to grapple with these problems, and shows how in order to address the challenges of scepticism and representation, modern philosophers in the wake of Descartes often breathed new life into old ideas, remoulding them in ways that we are just beginning to understand. His book will be valuable for historians interested in the medieval background to early modern thought, and to medievalists looking at continuity with the early modern period.

Rationalized Epistemology

Author : Albert A. Johnstone
Publisher : SUNY Press
ISBN 13 : 9780791407875
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Rationalized Epistemology by : Albert A. Johnstone

Download or read book Rationalized Epistemology written by Albert A. Johnstone and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines skeptical problems originally raised by Descartes and Hume and currently discussed in philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, metaphysics, and epistemology. It answers the basic skeptical questions concerning the existence of what is now unperceived, the reality of what is perceived, and the existence of an external world. Johnstone shows how the recently proposed solutions to these skeptical problems-- pragmatic, coherentist, linguistic, and new-Kantian -- do not and cannot work, and how only a return to foundational investigation on the terrain of the radical skeptic is adequate to the task. His analyses make for a valuable summary of every significant argument brought against skepticism. In the course of his investigation, Johnstone probes a number of topical issues: knowledge, rationality, the nature of meaning, nonverbal thinking, the bodily nature of the thinking self, parasitism, the role of the tactile-kinesthetic body in feeling and belief, and the necessary role of free will in epistemology.

Rethinking Epistemology

Author : Günter Abel
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110277948
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Rethinking Epistemology by : Günter Abel

Download or read book Rethinking Epistemology written by Günter Abel and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-05-29 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains contributions to the “systematic study of knowledge.” They suggest both an extension and a new path for classical epistemology. The topics in the second volume are the following: variants of skepticism; knowledge of the first, second, and third person; practical knowledge and the structure of action; knowledge and the problem of dualism; and disjunctivism concerning experience and perception.

Pyrrhonian Skepticism

Author : Walter Sinnott-Armstrong
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190290897
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Pyrrhonian Skepticism by : Walter Sinnott-Armstrong

Download or read book Pyrrhonian Skepticism written by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-07-22 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the history of philosophy, skepticism has posed one of the central challenges of epistemology. Opponents of skepticism--including externalists, contextualists, foundationalists, and coherentists--have focussed largely on one particular variety of skepticism, often called Cartesian or Academic skepticism, which makes the radical claim that nobody can know anything. However, this version of skepticism is something of a straw man, since virtually no philosopher endorses this radical skeptical claim. The only skeptical view that has been truly held--by Sextus, Montaigne, Hume, Wittgenstein, and, most recently, Robert Fogelin--has been Pyrrohnian skepticism. Pyrrhonian skeptics do not assert Cartesian skepticism, but neither do they deny it. The Pyrrhonian skeptics' doubts run so deep that they suspend belief even about Cartesian skepticism and its denial. Nonetheless, some Pyrrhonians argue that they can still hold "common beliefs of everyday life" and can even claim to know some truths in an everyday way. This edited volume presents previously unpublished articles on this subject by a strikingly impressive group of philosophers, who engage with both historical and contemporary versions of Pyrrhonian skepticism. Among them are Gisela Striker, Janet Broughton, Don Garrett, Ken Winkler, Hans Sluga, Ernest Sosa, Michael Williams, Barry Stroud, Robert Fogelin, and Roy Sorensen. This volume is thematically unified and will interest a broad spectrum of scholars in epistemology and the history of philosophy.

The Oxford Handbook of Skepticism

Author : John Greco
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199909857
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Skepticism by : John Greco

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Skepticism written by John Greco and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the history of philosophical thought, few themes loom as large as skepticism. Skepticism has been the most visible and important part of debates about knowledge. Skepticism at its most basic questions our cognitive achievements, challenges our ability to obtain reliable knowledge; casting doubt on our attempts to seek and understand the truth about everything from ethics, to other minds, religious belief, and even the underlying structure of matter and reality. Since Descartes, the defense of knowledge against skepticism has been one of the primary tasks not just of epistemology but philosophy itself. The Oxford Handbook of Skepticism features twenty-six newly commissioned chapters by top figures in the field. Part One contains articles explaining important kinds of skeptical reasoning. Part Two focuses on responses to skeptical arguments. Part Three concentrates on important contemporary issues revolving around skepticism. As the first volume of its kind, the articles make significant contributions to the debate on skepticism.

The Appearance of Ignorance

Author : Keith DeRose
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192535919
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis The Appearance of Ignorance by : Keith DeRose

Download or read book The Appearance of Ignorance written by Keith DeRose and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contextualism, the view that the epistemic standards a subject must meet in order for a claim attributing "knowledge" to her to be true do vary with context, has been hotly debated in epistemology and philosophy of language during the last few decades. This volume presents, develops, and defends contextualist solutions to two of the stickiest problems in epistemology: the puzzles of skeptical hypotheses and of lotteries. It is argued that, at least by ordinary standards for knowledge, we do know that skeptical hypotheses are false, and that we've lost the lottery. Why it seems that we don't know that they're false tells us a lot, both about what knowledge is and how knowledge attributions work. The Appearance of Ignorance is the companion volume to Keith DeRose's 2009 title The Case for Contextualism: Knowledge, Skepticism, and Context, Volume 1.

Skepticism

Author : G. Anthony Bruno
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351976265
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Skepticism by : G. Anthony Bruno

Download or read book Skepticism written by G. Anthony Bruno and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Skepticism is one of the most enduring and profound of philosophical problems. With its roots in Plato and the Sceptics to Descartes, Hume, Kant and Wittgenstein, skepticism presents a challenge that every philosopher must reckon with. In this outstanding collection philosophers engage with skepticism in five clear sections: the philosophical history of skepticism in Greek, Cartesian and Kantian thought; the nature and limits of certainty; the possibility of knowledge and related problems such as perception and the debates between objective knowledge and constructivism; the transcendental method as a response to skepticism and the challenge of naturalism; overcoming the skeptical challenge. Skepticism: Historical and Contemporary Inquiries is essential reading for students and scholars in epistemology and the history of philosophy and will also be of interest to those in related disciplines such as religion and sociology.