Form And Function Of Causation

Download Form And Function Of Causation full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Form And Function Of Causation ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Form and Function of Causation

Author : Liesbeth Degand
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Form and Function of Causation by : Liesbeth Degand

Download or read book Form and Function of Causation written by Liesbeth Degand and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this study is to provide a unified functional description of a number of causal constructions in Dutch: the connectives omdat, want, doordat, the prepositions door, vanwege, wegens, and the auxiliaries doen and laten. Given the observation that the various causal alternatives are not in free variation in discourse, the author hypothesises that this distribution must be constrained and that it should be possible to identify some of the constraints that play a role in the selection of these causal forms. To reach this goal, Degand proposes to make use of a multifunctional theory of language - Systemic Functional Linguistics - in combination with numerous corpus analyses. This approach to language appeared to be particularly relevant, because it enables to give an explicit account of aspects of language that fall out of the traditional scope of linguistic description, namely accounts of genre, register, discourse semantics, etc. while the corpus analyses provide a solid empirical basis for the theoretical descriptions.

The Book of Why

Author : Judea Pearl
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 0465097618
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (65 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Book of Why by : Judea Pearl

Download or read book The Book of Why written by Judea Pearl and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2018-05-15 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Turing Award-winning computer scientist and statistician shows how understanding causality has revolutionized science and will revolutionize artificial intelligence "Correlation is not causation." This mantra, chanted by scientists for more than a century, has led to a virtual prohibition on causal talk. Today, that taboo is dead. The causal revolution, instigated by Judea Pearl and his colleagues, has cut through a century of confusion and established causality -- the study of cause and effect -- on a firm scientific basis. His work explains how we can know easy things, like whether it was rain or a sprinkler that made a sidewalk wet; and how to answer hard questions, like whether a drug cured an illness. Pearl's work enables us to know not just whether one thing causes another: it lets us explore the world that is and the worlds that could have been. It shows us the essence of human thought and key to artificial intelligence. Anyone who wants to understand either needs The Book of Why.

Causation in European Tort Law

Author : Marta Infantino
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108418368
Total Pages : 785 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Causation in European Tort Law by : Marta Infantino

Download or read book Causation in European Tort Law written by Marta Infantino and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-12-28 with total page 785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes an original and comparative approach to issues of causation in tort law across many European legal systems.

Elements of Causal Inference

Author : Jonas Peters
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262037319
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Elements of Causal Inference by : Jonas Peters

Download or read book Elements of Causal Inference written by Jonas Peters and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concise and self-contained introduction to causal inference, increasingly important in data science and machine learning. The mathematization of causality is a relatively recent development, and has become increasingly important in data science and machine learning. This book offers a self-contained and concise introduction to causal models and how to learn them from data. After explaining the need for causal models and discussing some of the principles underlying causal inference, the book teaches readers how to use causal models: how to compute intervention distributions, how to infer causal models from observational and interventional data, and how causal ideas could be exploited for classical machine learning problems. All of these topics are discussed first in terms of two variables and then in the more general multivariate case. The bivariate case turns out to be a particularly hard problem for causal learning because there are no conditional independences as used by classical methods for solving multivariate cases. The authors consider analyzing statistical asymmetries between cause and effect to be highly instructive, and they report on their decade of intensive research into this problem. The book is accessible to readers with a background in machine learning or statistics, and can be used in graduate courses or as a reference for researchers. The text includes code snippets that can be copied and pasted, exercises, and an appendix with a summary of the most important technical concepts.

A Framework for K-12 Science Education

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309214459
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis A Framework for K-12 Science Education by : National Research Council

Download or read book A Framework for K-12 Science Education written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-02-28 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science, engineering, and technology permeate nearly every facet of modern life and hold the key to solving many of humanity's most pressing current and future challenges. The United States' position in the global economy is declining, in part because U.S. workers lack fundamental knowledge in these fields. To address the critical issues of U.S. competitiveness and to better prepare the workforce, A Framework for K-12 Science Education proposes a new approach to K-12 science education that will capture students' interest and provide them with the necessary foundational knowledge in the field. A Framework for K-12 Science Education outlines a broad set of expectations for students in science and engineering in grades K-12. These expectations will inform the development of new standards for K-12 science education and, subsequently, revisions to curriculum, instruction, assessment, and professional development for educators. This book identifies three dimensions that convey the core ideas and practices around which science and engineering education in these grades should be built. These three dimensions are: crosscutting concepts that unify the study of science through their common application across science and engineering; scientific and engineering practices; and disciplinary core ideas in the physical sciences, life sciences, and earth and space sciences and for engineering, technology, and the applications of science. The overarching goal is for all high school graduates to have sufficient knowledge of science and engineering to engage in public discussions on science-related issues, be careful consumers of scientific and technical information, and enter the careers of their choice. A Framework for K-12 Science Education is the first step in a process that can inform state-level decisions and achieve a research-grounded basis for improving science instruction and learning across the country. The book will guide standards developers, teachers, curriculum designers, assessment developers, state and district science administrators, and educators who teach science in informal environments.

Form and Function

Author : Edward Stuart Russell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (334 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Form and Function by : Edward Stuart Russell

Download or read book Form and Function written by Edward Stuart Russell and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fundamental Causation

Author : Christopher Gregory Weaver
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315449064
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Fundamental Causation by : Christopher Gregory Weaver

Download or read book Fundamental Causation written by Christopher Gregory Weaver and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental Causation addresses issues in the metaphysics of deterministic singular causation, the metaphysics of events, property instances, facts, preventions, and omissions, as well as the debate between causal reductionists and causal anti-reductionists. The book also pays special attention to causation and causal structure in physics. Weaver argues that causation is a multigrade obtaining relation that is transitive, irreflexive, and asymmetric. When causation is singular, deterministic and such that it relates purely contingent events, the relation is also universal, intrinsic, and well-founded. He shows that proper causal relata are events understood as states of substances at ontological indices. He then proves that causation cannot be reduced to some non-causal base, and that the best account of that relation should be unashamedly primitivist about the dependence relation that underwrites its very nature. The book demonstrates a distinctive realist and anti-reductionist account of causation by detailing precisely how the account outperforms reductionist and competing anti-reductionist accounts in that it handles all of the difficult cases while overcoming all of the general objections to anti-reductionism upon which other anti-reductionist accounts falter. This book offers an original and interesting view of causation and will appeal to scholars and advanced students in the areas of metaphysics, philosophy of science, and philosophy of physics.

Causation, Prediction, and Search

Author : Peter Spirtes
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461227488
Total Pages : 551 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Causation, Prediction, and Search by : Peter Spirtes

Download or read book Causation, Prediction, and Search written by Peter Spirtes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended for anyone, regardless of discipline, who is interested in the use of statistical methods to help obtain scientific explanations or to predict the outcomes of actions, experiments or policies. Much of G. Udny Yule's work illustrates a vision of statistics whose goal is to investigate when and how causal influences may be reliably inferred, and their comparative strengths estimated, from statistical samples. Yule's enterprise has been largely replaced by Ronald Fisher's conception, in which there is a fundamental cleavage between experimental and non experimental inquiry, and statistics is largely unable to aid in causal inference without randomized experimental trials. Every now and then members of the statistical community express misgivings about this turn of events, and, in our view, rightly so. Our work represents a return to something like Yule's conception of the enterprise of theoretical statistics and its potential practical benefits. If intellectual history in the 20th century had gone otherwise, there might have been a discipline to which our work belongs. As it happens, there is not. We develop material that belongs to statistics, to computer science, and to philosophy; the combination may not be entirely satisfactory for specialists in any of these subjects. We hope it is nonetheless satisfactory for its purpose.

Model Rules of Professional Conduct

Author : American Bar Association. House of Delegates
Publisher : American Bar Association
ISBN 13 : 9781590318737
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (187 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Model Rules of Professional Conduct by : American Bar Association. House of Delegates

Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.

Causation, Evidence, and Inference

Author : Julian Reiss
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317675886
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Causation, Evidence, and Inference by : Julian Reiss

Download or read book Causation, Evidence, and Inference written by Julian Reiss and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-05-22 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Reiss argues in favor of a tight fit between evidence, concept and purpose in our causal investigations in the sciences. There is no doubt that the sciences employ a vast array of techniques to address causal questions such as controlled experiments, randomized trials, statistical and econometric tools, causal modeling and thought experiments. But how do these different methods relate to each other and to the causal inquiry at hand? Reiss argues that there is no "gold standard" in settling causal issues against which other methods can be measured. Rather, the various methods of inference tend to be good only relative to certain interpretations of the word "cause", and each interpretation, in turn, helps to address some salient purpose (prediction, explanation or policy analysis) but not others. The main objective of this book is to explore the metaphysical and methodological consequences of this view in the context of numerous cases studies from the natural and social sciences.

Causality

Author : Judea Pearl
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 052189560X
Total Pages : 487 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Causality by : Judea Pearl

Download or read book Causality written by Judea Pearl and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-14 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Causality offers the first comprehensive coverage of causal analysis in many sciences, including recent advances using graphical methods. Pearl presents a unified account of the probabilistic, manipulative, counterfactual and structural approaches to causation, and devises simple mathematical tools for analyzing the relationships between causal connections, statistical associations, actions and observations. The book will open the way for including causal analysis in the standard curriculum of statistics, artificial intelligence ...

Cause and Chance

Author : Phil Dowe
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134419279
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (344 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Cause and Chance by : Phil Dowe

Download or read book Cause and Chance written by Phil Dowe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-02-24 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophers have long been fascinated by the connection between cause and effect: are 'causes' things we can experience, or are they concepts provided by our minds? The study of causation goes back to Aristotle, but resurged with David Hume and Immanuel Kant, and is now one of the most important topics in metaphysics. Most of the recent work done in this area has attempted to place causation in a deterministic, scientific, worldview. But what about the unpredictable and chancey world we actually live in: can one theory of causation cover all instances of cause and effect? Cause and Chance: Causation in an Indeterministic World is a collection of specially written papers by world-class metaphysicians. Its focus is the problem facing the 'reductionist' approach to causation: the attempt to cover all types of causation, deterministic and indeterministic, with one basic theory. Contributors: Stephen Barker, Helen Beebee, Phil Dowe, Dorothy Edgington, Doug Ehring, Chris Hitchcock, Igal Kwart, Paul Noordhof, Murali Ramachandran and Michael Tooley.

Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation

Author : Ludger Jansen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000357910
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation by : Ludger Jansen

Download or read book Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation written by Ludger Jansen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-03-21 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first volume of essays devoted to Aristotelian formal causation and its relevance for contemporary metaphysics and philosophy of science. The essays trace the historical development of formal causation and demonstrate its relevance for contemporary issues, such as causation, explanation, laws of nature, functions, essence, modality, and metaphysical grounding. The introduction to the volume covers the history of theories of formal causation and points out why we need a theory of formal causation in contemporary philosophy. Part I is concerned with scholastic approaches to formal causation, while Part II presents four contemporary approaches to formal causation. The three chapters in Part III explore various notions of dependence and their relevance to formal causation. Part IV, finally, discusses formal causation in biology and cognitive sciences. Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation will be of interest to advanced graduate students and researchers working on contemporary Aristotelian approaches to metaphysics and philosophy of science. This volume includes contributions by José Tomás Alvarado, Christopher J. Austin, Giacomo Giannini, Jani Hakkarainen, Ludger Jansen, Markku Keinänen, Gyula Klima, James G. Lennox, Stephen Mumford, David S. Oderberg, Michele Paolini Paoletti, Sandeep Prasada, Petter Sandstad, Wolfgang Sattler, Benjamin Schnieder, Matthew Tugby, and Jonas Werner.

An Introduction to Causal Inference

Author : Judea Pearl
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781507894293
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (942 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis An Introduction to Causal Inference by : Judea Pearl

Download or read book An Introduction to Causal Inference written by Judea Pearl and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper summarizes recent advances in causal inference and underscores the paradigmatic shifts that must be undertaken in moving from traditional statistical analysis to causal analysis of multivariate data. Special emphasis is placed on the assumptions that underly all causal inferences, the languages used in formulating those assumptions, the conditional nature of all causal and counterfactual claims, and the methods that have been developed for the assessment of such claims. These advances are illustrated using a general theory of causation based on the Structural Causal Model (SCM) described in Pearl (2000a), which subsumes and unifies other approaches to causation, and provides a coherent mathematical foundation for the analysis of causes and counterfactuals. In particular, the paper surveys the development of mathematical tools for inferring (from a combination of data and assumptions) answers to three types of causal queries: (1) queries about the effects of potential interventions, (also called "causal effects" or "policy evaluation") (2) queries about probabilities of counterfactuals, (including assessment of "regret," "attribution" or "causes of effects") and (3) queries about direct and indirect effects (also known as "mediation"). Finally, the paper defines the formal and conceptual relationships between the structural and potential-outcome frameworks and presents tools for a symbiotic analysis that uses the strong features of both. The tools are demonstrated in the analyses of mediation, causes of effects, and probabilities of causation. -- p. 1.

The Effect

Author : Nick Huntington-Klein
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000509141
Total Pages : 646 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Effect by : Nick Huntington-Klein

Download or read book The Effect written by Nick Huntington-Klein and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-12-20 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensive code examples in R, Stata, and Python Chapters on overlooked topics in econometrics classes: heterogeneous treatment effects, simulation and power analysis, new cutting-edge methods, and uncomfortable ignored assumptions An easy-to-read conversational tone Up-to-date coverage of methods with fast-moving literatures like difference-in-differences

Causation and Modern Philosophy

Author : Keith Allen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136820051
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (368 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Causation and Modern Philosophy by : Keith Allen

Download or read book Causation and Modern Philosophy written by Keith Allen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-02-01 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together a collection of new essays by leading scholars on the subject of causation in the early modern period, from Descartes to Lady Mary Shepherd. Aimed at researchers, graduate students and advanced undergraduates, the volume advances the understanding of early modern discussions of causation, and situates these discussions in the wider context of early modern philosophy and science. Specifically, the volume contains essays on key early modern thinkers, such as Descartes, Hobbes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Hume, Kant. It also contains essays that examine the important contributions to the causation debate of less widely discussed figures, including Louis la Forge, Thomas Brown and Lady Mary Shepherd.

Causation and Functionalism in Sociology

Author : Wsevolod W. Isajiw
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113455267X
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (345 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Causation and Functionalism in Sociology by : Wsevolod W. Isajiw

Download or read book Causation and Functionalism in Sociology written by Wsevolod W. Isajiw and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-15 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is Volume I of twenty-two in the Social Theory and Methodology series. First published in 1968 this text looks at an analysis of functionalism by means of the notion of causality. It is a study of functionalism, yet also an explication of the notion of causality through its application to a sociological theory.