Forest Bird Communities In The Baraboo Hills Wisconsin

Author : Max Amil Henschell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Download or read book The Effects of Human Activity on Avian Communities in the Baraboo Hills written by Max Amil Henschell and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the intent of establishing protected areas was originally to preserve natural areas for human enjoyment, most have now taken on the role of both providing recreational opportunities and protecting natural communities. While many protected areas prohibit development within their boundaries, they attract development around their periphery. Such development increases conservation pressure on the associated protected area by changing land use patterns outside the protected area, and inside the protected area with potentially increased recreational use. Understanding whether these anthropogenic changes in and near protected areas have demographic, community, or distributional consequences for native species is vital to our ability to maintain species diversity and ensure population persistence. Within the context of this broader question, I examined whether the rural development around protected areas and recreational trails and trail use within protected areas have altered bird communities in the Baraboo Hills of Wisconsin. First, I investigated whether forest bird communities have changed in the Baraboo Hills between the late 1970s and the early 2000s due to changes in forest cover or housing density. I found that there was no change in forest cover or housing density between survey periods. Bird communities have become more similar between surveys, not due to changes in forest cover or housing density, but appears to have been primarily associated with successional changes of the forest. Second, I investigated the effects of trails and trail use in protected areas on forest bird communities. I found that while bird species richness was not associated with recreational trails or trail use, the densities of most species were negatively associated with both trail use and trail width. Trails and trail use can also affect nest success, possibly by altering nest attendance behavior. I found that the nest success of Acadian Flycatchers (Empidonax virescens) was negatively associated with trail use. This suggests that both the presence of humans, and the presence of the trail itself, negatively affect forest bird communities. I recommend that the construction of new trails in forested protected areas should be limited, and that trail width should be minimized for newly constructed trails.